With the increasingly requirement of cosmetic,flavor industry,esqecially the production of synthesized flavors has been developed quickly.The technological process and the hazard in production of heterocyclic flavor is expatiate,also the fire protection measures is given in this paper.
As one of the largest markets of electronic and electric equipment, China has not completely established the formal recycling system of WEEE compared with the developed countries. As a result, China is facing the huge challenge of resource waste and water/soil environmental pollution. In this paper, according to the current regulations on WEEE recycling and disposal issued by Chinese government, the business model of the Chinese WEEE recycling system was designed, and a bilevel programming-based model was proposed to help the disposal factories to establish the regional efficient and economical WEEE recycling network. This model addressed the optimization of bilateral benefits of disposal factories and the third-party recycling agencies/stations. An experiment based on a regional WEEE recycling business data was solved by the NSGA algorithm to validate the proposed model. With the result, the proposed model was compared with the related studies on Chinese WEEE recycling network planning. With the comparison and the analysis on the experiment result, it was found that the proposed model had considerably stable convergence and optimization performance, which proved that this model can be regarded as a useful tool to the planning of the Chinese regional WEEE recycling network. In the last part, the future improvement of the proposed model was also discussed.
Recently, Semiconductor sensor and thermal conductivity sensor are widely used for gas detection in transformer online monitors. Since the long-time stability or precision of these sensors is not satisfactory, the present researcher studied the application of FTIR in such monitors. In the wide measuring range of online monitoring, Absorbance Law is not always applicable, thus a non-linear calibration model was necessary. Experiments were done to set up the calibration model. A gas dilution system was designed. With the system, standard samples of fault gas including CH4, C2H2, C2H4 and C2H6 were diluted to different concentration. BOMEM MB104 FTIR Spectrometer was used to collect spectra of gases. Curve fitting of the output of FTIR was done, and the effect of quantitative feature and concentration range on quantitative analysis was investigated. In addition, the lowest detection limit was tested. Experiment and calculation results show: accuracy can be improved by taking strong peak height at low concentration range, taking peak area or weak peak height at high concentration range as quantitative feature, and using third order polynomial to fit the output curve of FTIR. The lowest detecting limit of C2H2 with 2.4m gas cell is below 0.3ml/l and that of 10cm cell is below 3ml/l.
Five biocontrol bacteria strains against pathogens of corn stalk rot were selected from1193 bacteria strains,and the inhibition zone width can reach to 6-16mm.Greenhouse pot experiments showed that the control effect of biocontrol bacteria G28-6 as well as K11-9 and K18-5 against Fusarium graminearum was more than 66 percent,the control effect of biocontrol bacteria K3-3 against Pythium graminicol is 54.29 percent,and the control effect of biocontrol bacteria K18-5 against Pythium inflatum is 35.71 percent.The biocontrol bacteria played an important role in promoting the growth of corn roots.Besides,the biocontrol bacteria G28-6 and K18-5 showed strong colonization ability in rhizosphere of corn,suggesting the potential to be developed as biocontrol agents.
Currently, the chromatographic column and gas sensor are widely used in online monitoring devices of dissolved gases in transformer oil. But there exist disadvantages with these devices, such as, the consumption of carrier gas, the requirement of regular calibration, etc. Since FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) is highly accurate, consumes no carrier gas and requires no calibration, the application of FTIR in such monitoring devices is studied. Experiments on the flow gas method have been designed. And the FTIR spectrometer is used to collect the infrared spectra of C2 H2 , which is the most important gas for transformer fault diagnosis. Curve fitting of the output of FTIR is performed, and the effects of quantitative characteristics and concentration range on the quantitative analysis are discussed. In addition, the lowest detection limit to FTIR is tested. Experiment and calculation results show, that by taking the peak height in the low concentration range or peak area in the high concentration range as the quantitative characteristic, using the cubic polynomial to fit the output curve of FTIR, the accuracy can be improved. The lowest detecting limit with 2.4m gas cell is below 0. 3 μL/L and that of 10 cm gas cell is below 3μL/L.
One of the major contradictions in China’s healthcare service is the serious imbalance between the supply and demand of medical resources and the uneven distribution of medical resources. Although the government intended to provide equal access for all, in the final evaluation, fairness of the distribution of services was usually dictated by location. Measuring and predicting access to social services can help to adjust and better accommodate underserved regions. 3SFCA modes based on the Gaussian function are proposed to delineate the service area of providers delivering social services and produce a probability metric that maps the equity of the medical services in multiple traffic modes. We identified the types of medical shortage areas and analyzed the distribution characteristics of medical accessibility in Guangzhou. The results showed that the accessibility of medical facilities in the multiple traffic modes varied greatly. The accessibility level of medical service resources was the highest in the driving mode, followed by the public traffic mode and bike-riding mode. The walking mode had the lowest accessibility. Finally, the paper provided advice for further improvement of the equal distribution of medical service resources in Guangzhou.
It is difficult for enterprises to survive and develop in dramatically changing environment. The Adaptive Management (AM for short) theory brings out a new way to deal with the dilemma. On the basis of the relevant achievements abroad and domestic, the author provides new notion of adaptive management and implementation approaches.
With electrical power supplies playing an important role in the operation of aircraft systems and sub-systems, flight and ground crews need health state awareness and prediction tools that accurately diagnose faults, predict failures, and project remaining life of these onboard power supplies. Among onboard power supplies, switch-mode power supplies are commonly used where their weight, size, and efficiency make them preferable to conventional transformer-based power supplies. In this paper, we present a framework of diagnostics and prognostics methodology based on an equivalent circuit system simulation model developed from a commercially available switch-mode power supply, and empirical component degradation models. In industrial applications, case-specified modifications can be made according to specific experimental or service conditions of different commercial products. First, the developed simulation model is validated through experimental testing. Then, a series of data are collected from simulation to build the baseline and fault databases under a fixed load profile. Next, promising features are extracted from sensed parameters, and further data analysis are conducted to estimate the current health condition and to predict the remaining useful life of the target system. Some highlights of the work are included but not only limited to the following aspects: first, the methodology is based on electronic system simulation instead of traditional accelerated testing by employing a high-fidelity system simulation model and empirical critical component degradation models; second, efforts are made in this preliminary work to adapt proven prognostics and health management techniques from machinery to electronic health management, with the goal of expanding the realm of electronic diagnostics and prognostics.
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