Objective: Postoperative sleep disturbance after surgery is not conducive to the recovery of patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the timing of surgery (morning vs afternoon) on the postoperative sleep quality of elderly patients and to analyze the relationship between the timing of surgery and the change in the melatonin level. Methods: Sixty patients who received hip surgery were randomly assigned to the Morning Group (Group M) or the Afternoon Group (Group A). The sleep quality was assessed by the Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Before and after surgery, the nocturnal urine was collected over a 12-h period, and the 6-sulfatoxymelatonin concentration was measured. Also, the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) was observed. Results: On the first and second nights after surgery, the sleep quality scores of the patients in Group A were greater than those in Group M, and there was no difference in the sleep quality scores between the two groups on the third night after surgery ( P =0.000, P =0.002, P > 0.05, respectively). In addition, the urine 6-sulphatoxymelatonin concentration was found to be greater in Group A than in Group M on the first night of surgery ( P =0.00). Both the postoperative sleep quality scores and urine 6-sulphatoxymelatonin concentration were significantly less than those before surgery ( P =0.00, P =0.00). Conclusion: The postoperative sleep quality scores and melatonin levels of elderly patients who received hip surgery under general anesthesia were significantly less than those of the patients before surgery. Furthermore, the short-term sleep quality of the patients who received surgery in the afternoon was better than that of the patients who received surgery in the morning. This difference may be related to the short-term change of the melatonin level after surgery. Keywords: sleep quality, melatonin, timing of surgery
Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a highly heterogeneous disease, which is the second most common cancer in females and third in males. Collagen type I alpha 2 (COL1A2) has been documented to be involved in the carcinogenesis of multiple tumors; however, the expression and prognostic significance of COL1A2 and its underlying mechanism in COAD remains unclarified. Materials and Methods: The general profile of COL1A2, its expression pattern, and prognostic value were systematically assessed through various bioinformatics tools. The protein level of COL1A2 was verified in COAD patients using immunohistochemistry analysis. In addition, enrichment analyses were performed to explore the possible regulatory pathways of COL1A2 in COAD. Results: The mRNA and protein levels of COL1A2 were significantly increased in COAD than that in normal tissues (P < 0.05). The COL1A2 expression tended to increase along with cancer stages and nodal metastasis status in COAD, while the promoter methylation levels of COL1A2 might negatively related to its mRNA expression. Survival analysis showed that COL1A2 was a reliable predictor for distinguishing the status of disease-specific survival (DSS), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS), and might serve as a robust independent prognostic biomarker for DSS and OS in COAD patients (P < 0.05). The enrichment analysis showed focal adhesion as the most possible regulatory pathway by COL1A2. Conclusion: Collectively, COL1A2 functioned as an independent prognostic biomarker and might be a potential therapeutic target in COAD.
To invstigate the influence of femoral neck area on larger anteversion angle of lag screw guide pin initial placement in proximal femoral intertrochanteric fracture treated with intramedullary nail.From June 2014 to June 2016, 60 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures were treated with intramedullary nail, including 27 males and 33 females with an average age of 75 years old ranging from 49 to 88 years old. The lateral images of femoral neck were divided into areas during operation. The anteversion angle of lag screw guide pin of proximal femoral nail was observed at the time of initial insertion. The incidence of normal and larger was counted and the angle index of influencing factors was recorded.Among 60 patients, the screw guide pins of 23 cases were in the central region of the femoral neck and the anteversion angle was normal;screw guide pins of 37 cases were in the front area of the femoral neck, leading to larger anteversion angle. The single factor analysis showed that the independent variables influence factors of larger anteversion were internal collection of the affected limb, internal rotation of the affected limb, hip elevation and screw guide pin level(P<0.05). The multi-factor regression analysis showed that the anteversion angle larger was significantly related to the internal rotation of the affected limb and screw guide pin level, and the screw guide pin level was the most relevant(P=0.030).The internal rotation of the affected limb and screw guide pin level may affect the anteversion angle of femoral neck when lag screw guide pin initial insertion, cause it to be too large and the screw guide pin level is the main influencing factor.
Abstract Background Depression is two-to-three times more frequent among women. The hypothalamus, a sexually dimorphic area, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Neuroinflammation-induced hypothalamic dysfunction underlies behaviors associated with depression. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of depression has been well-validated in numerous laboratories, including our own, and is widely used to investigate the relationship between neuroinflammation and depression. However, the sex-specific differences in metabolic alterations underlying depression-associated hypothalamic neuroinflammation remain unknown. Methods Here, we employed the LPS-induced mouse model of depression to investigate hypothalamic metabolic changes in both male and female mice using a metabolomics approach. Through bioinformatics analysis, we confirmed the molecular pathways and biological processes associated with the identified metabolites. Furthermore, we employed quantitative real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, and pharmacological interventions to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Results A total of 124 and 61 differential metabolites (DMs) were detected in male and female mice with depressive-like behavior, respectively, compared to their respective sex-matched control groups. Moreover, a comparison between female and male model mice identified 37 DMs. We capitalized on biochemical clustering and functional enrichment analyses to define the major metabolic changes in these DMs. More than 55% of the DMs clustered into lipids and lipid-like molecules, and an imbalance in lipids metabolism was presented in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, steroidogenic pathway was confirmed as a potential sex-specific pathway in the hypothalamus of female mice with depression. Pregnenolone, an upstream component of the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, was downregulated in female mice with depressive-like phenotypes but not in males and had considerable relevance to depressive-like behaviors in females. Moreover, exogenous pregnenolone infusion reversed depressive-like behaviors in female mice with depression. The 5α-reductase type I (SRD5A1), a steroidogenic hub enzyme involved in pregnenolone metabolism, was increased in the hypothalamus of female mice with depression. Its inhibition increased hypothalamic pregnenolone levels and ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in female mice with depression. Conclusions Our study findings demonstrate a marked sexual dimorphism at the metabolic level in depression, particularly in hypothalamic steroidogenic metabolism, identifying a potential sex-specific pathway in female mice with depressive-like behaviors.
Based on general principle of market study and thinking of the landuse practice within outskirts of Kaifeng, this artical analyses the ralations between landuse in outskirts of Kaifeng and supplies of products on Kaifeng markets, expounds problems in landuse within outskirts of Kaifeng. On this problems, this artical, at last, puts forword some feasible proposals.
The text introduces the principle and method measuring the leakage quantity for intermediate gland of HP-IP casing.For example of some supercritical 660 MW HP-IP units with a combined casing,the application comparing of the method which is before or after overhaul is given.The method supplies a thread to measure the leakage quantity for intermediate gland of HP-IP casing,also supplies a kind of analysis means to quantitatively examine the retrofit effect of gland.
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