A particulate separation system that can be used to study the characteristics of the diesel particulate agglomeration and cyclone s eparation is developedIt includes a diesel particulate agglomerator and a cycl one separator mainlyA preliminary investigation on the cyclone separation tech nology for controlling the exhaust particulate from a diesel engine is conducted The experimental results show that the diameter distribution of the diesel par ticulate is changed after they pass through the agglomerator,almost 30%～40% o f the particulate agglomerated from less than 10μm to larger than 10μm ,this change contributes to trap diesel particulateWith this system installed on the exhaust pipe of a singlecylinder engine,the particulate separation effi ciency is around 40%～60% under typical engine running conditionThe backpres sure of this system is less than 5 kPa on full load condition,much less than tha t of other methods of particulate filtrationThis technology has the possibilit y to open a new prospect for particulate reduction because of its simplicity,rel iability and low resistance
The palladium-catalyzed arylation of olefins (the Heck reaction) is one of the most versatile tools for C-C bond formation in organic synthesis. Phosphine ligands are generally used to stabilize the reactive palladium intermediates, the air-sensitivity of phosphine ligands, however,places significant limits on their synthetic applications. Recently, Yang1 and we2 have reported Heck and Suzuki reactions of highly active arenediazonium salts and halides catalyzed by air-stable monothiourea-Pd complexes.In this presentation, we disclose our results on the design and synthesis of novel bis-thiourea ligands. We report that the bis-thiourea-Pd(0) complexes are highly air-, moisture- and thermally stable catalysts for Heck reactions of aryl halides. We tested the catalytic activity of their complexes with Pd (0) in the Heck reaction between iodobenzene and n-butyl acrylate. Our work shows that in NMP at 180℃, quantitative yield was achieved within 0.5h when 0.001mol% Pd was used (TOF up to 200,000). Furthermore, solvent-free condition can be applied in our catalytic system and very high TON (up to 1,000,000) is obtained within 12h.Further investigations aimed at clarification of the reaction scope are currently in progress.
为了提供，身体上在地区性的规模为风侵蚀研究基于风建模， 3D 计算液体动力学(CFD ) 风模型被开发。模型基于海军司烧方程用 C 语言被规划，并且它作为开放源代码自由地可得到。与空间分析和建模工具(SAMT ) 综合，风模型举办方便输入准备和强大的产量可视化。为了验证风模型，，一系列实验在一条风隧道被进行。一个堵住的流入实验被设计在基本液体进程的模拟上测试模型的性能。一个圆障碍实验被设计检查模型是否能在风地上模仿障碍的影响。结果证明测量并且模仿的风地有高关联，和风模型能两个都模仿风的基本过程和对风地的障碍的影响。这些结果显示出风模型的高可靠性。一个区域的一个数字举起模型(DEM )( 长的 3800 m 和 1700 m 宽) 在在内部蒙古的 Xilingele 草地(自治区域，中国) 被用于模型，和一块 3D 风地成功地被产生了。由风隧道实验的模型和足够的确认的清楚的实现在地区性的规模为风侵蚀的预言和评价打了一个稳固的基础。
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)
