Purpose: To learn about African American older adults' knowledge and perceptions of brain donation, factors that relate to participating or not participating in a brain donation research program, and methods to increase African American brain donation commitment rates in the context of an Alzheimer's disease (AD) research program. Design and Methods: African American older adults (n = 15) from the Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Core Center participant research registry enrolled in 1 of 2 focus groups of 90 min about brain donation. Seven participants were selected for a third follow-up focus group. Results: Focus group transcripts were analyzed using consensual qualitative research methods, and 8 overarching themes emerged: (a) perceptions of and misconceptions about brain donation procedures, (b) racial minorities in medical research, (c) racial disparities and discrimination in medical settings, (d) influence of religion and spirituality, (e) family perceptions of and involvement in donation, (f) family history of disease and desire to find a cure, (g) prior exposure to medical and research settings, and (h) culturally sensitive approaches to brain donation. Implications: Culturally relevant educational protocols need to be created for use with African American older adults. These protocols should include information about brain donation procedures, rates of AD among Black elders, and potential benefits of donation to Black communities; inclusion of religious figures, family, and peers in donation education and decisions; and methods to address mistrust, including cultural competence trainings for staff.
This study aims to evaluate the impact of several organisational initiatives implemented as part of a physician engagement, wellness and excellence strategy at a large mental health hospital. Interventions that were examined include: communities of practice, peer support programme, mentorship programme and leadership and management programme for physicians.A cross-sectional study, guided by the Reach, Effectiveness/Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance evaluation framework, was conducted with physicians at a large academic mental health hospital in Toronto, Canada. Physicians were invited to complete an online survey in April 2021, which composed of questions on the awareness, use and perceived impact of the organisational wellness initiatives and the two-item Maslach Burnout Inventory tool. The survey was analysed using descriptive statistics and a thematic analysis.103 survey responses (40.9% response rate) were gathered from physicians, with 39.8% of respondents reporting experiences of burn-out. Overall, there was variable reach and suboptimal use of the organisational interventions reported by physicians. Themes emerging from open-ended questions included the importance of addressing: workload and resource related factors; leadership and culture related factors; and factors related to the electronic medical record and virtual care.Organisational strategies to address physician burn-out and support physician wellness require repeated evaluation of the impact and relevance of initiatives with physicians, taking into account organisational culture, external variables, emerging barriers to access and participation, and physician needs and interest over time. These findings will be embedded as part of ongoing review of our organisational framework to guide changes to our physician engagement, wellness and excellence strategy.
Forty one farmers from villages of Mymensingh and Barguna districts in Bangladesh were enumerated to explore knowledge in broiler production.Data were collected on day old chick weight, live broiler weight at market age, feed consumption, mortality rate, farmers' characters and farm management parameters.Few farmers received short training on broiler farming in Barguna (38.10%) and Mymensingh district (15%), most of the farmers did not take training.About 75% farmers in Mymensingh and 33.30% farmers in Barguna district had experiences in broiler farming for 3 years and above.Farm size was smaller in Barguna district than that of Mymensingh district.Most of the broiler farmers were rearing Ross broiler bird in Mymensingh district and Hubbard Classic strain in Barguna district.Most of the farmers had secondary level education.All broiler houses were open sided and about 85% broiler house in Mymensingh district and 85.71% in Barguna district had gable type roof made by corrugated iron sheet (CIS).In Mymensingh district, all farmers were using rice husk as litter materials but most of the farmers (95.20%) of Barguna district were using sawdust for the same purpose.All farmers in Barguna district were using the disposed litter as fertilizer though most of the farmers in Mymensingh district were using the same materials as fish feed.Farmers were using electric brooder and brooding their birds for a period of 7 days while most of the farmers were using hurricane lantern for standby power supply.During loading the day old chicks in the houses most of the farmers used oral saline, vitamin C with water in both districts.Farmers were using Newcastle and Infectious Bursal Disease vaccine for the commercial hybrid broiler birds and 100% farmers were using growth promoter for rapid gain of body weight of broiler birds in study area.Live body weight at marketing age, feed conversion ratio and mortality rate of broiler birds were 1581.58±46.08gm, 1.84±0.07and 5.22±0.95%,respectively in Mymensingh district.In Barguna district the same were 1502.38±35.27gm,1.93±0.04and 3.51±0.65%,respectively.It might be concluded from the above discussion that a) Broiler farming operation was running by secondary level educated and untrained farmers.b) Farmers were sincere in vaccination of their birds but dishonest to use of growth promoter.They were using corrugated iron sheet made roof in broiler house which could be replaced by suitable locally available materials, like straw, tree leaves etc, to protect birds from heat stress.c) FCR value and mortality rate was high.Quality feed, quality chicks, better management practices could help to increase profitability by reducing FCR value and mortality rate.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a tool for neuromodulation that uses a time-varying magnetic field to stimulate the brain via an induced electric field (E-Field). Clinical data from Premier Psychiatric Research Institute on repetitive TMS (rTMS) for the treatment of depression shows that patients older than 55 years respond to deep rTMS with better efficacy than younger patients. Brain volume shrinks with age in adults older than 40 years, increasing the distance between their brain and scalp. In this paper, we have investigated how the induced E-Field from TMS is affected by brain-scalp distance (BSD). We have developed heterogeneous head models from MRI data of 50 subjects and created simplified head models using concentric spheres. Using finite-element analysis, we simulated TMS on these models to test the role of BSD in determining the strength and distribution of the E-Field.
Background: Contribution of dairy milk and other food items and schools to academic performances of students are the important factors to build a peaceful meritorious nation with sound mental and physical health.Objective: This experiment was designed to study the contribution of dairy milk and other food item intake pattern and schools to academic performances.Method: Students of class nine in Bangladesh were enumerated using a preprescribed questionnaire during March 2016 to June 2016 by direct interview method. Collected primary data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 14.015.Results: Male (69.63%) students and students of schools in the town (84.97%) performed better. Majority of the students in towns (46.85%; 49.65%) and villages (45.51%; 50.90%) drank dairy milk and ate meat respectively, once or twice in a week. Many students in towns (30.77%) and villages (38.92%) ate eggs for 3 to 4 days in a week. Maximum students in town (53.50%) and in village (46.71%) took fish for 5 to 7 days and 3 to 4 days in a week, respectively. Many students in town (39.86%) and in village (59.88%) took fruits 1 to 2 days and 5 to 7 days in a week, respectively. Most (74.31%) of the students who took dairy milk, meat (73.68%), fruits (66.67%), fish (65.81%) and eggs (64.71%) everyday in a week obtained A grade.Conclusions: Schools, availability of dairy milk, meat, fruits, fish and eggs, Tiffin intake status and gender affected the academic performances but educational institutions had no effect on weekly dairy milk, eggs and meat intake of the students but weekly fish and fruits intake status were affected.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.355-359
Broiler parent stock of 7851 Cobb-500, 8388 Ross and 8745 Hubbard-Hi-Yield were reared in controlled (slated cum floor system) house to determine the egg production performance, fertility and hatchability. A total of 151200 hatching eggs of Cobb-500, Ross and Hubbard-Hi-Yield broiler strain were collected and set in the incubator in 10 batches having 15120 eggs in each batch and 5040 eggs in each strain to compare fertility and hatchability among the strains. From the above study, it was observed that the strains had significant effect (P<0.01) on egg production, fertility and hatchability of fertile, and set eggs, abnormal chicks, egg and chick weight but there was no significant effect (P>0.05) on normal chick production and chick weight as percentage of egg weight. Hubbard-Hi-Yield strain was the best while Ross was intermediate and Cobb-500 was the poorest in terms of egg production, fertility and hatchability. Therefore, Hubbard-Hi-Yield broiler parent stocks as well as its grand parent stock may be more profitable and suitable for broiler production in Bangladesh.
William Osler started the first journal club more than a century ago. As in Osler's time, continuing professional development (CPD) is challenging to deliver in our day. This paper discusses the CPD outcomes of Reading of the Week (ROTW), an innovative online education resource aimed at Canadian psychiatrists and psychiatry residents.ROTW consists of a weekly email sent to these physicians through formal partnerships, including 13 residency training programs, and summarizes the latest literature in psychiatric care. An online survey using Moore's continued medical education evaluation framework was conducted to determine the outcomes of ROTW and how to improve it.One-third of ROTW subscribers (n = 332) responded to the survey. Respondents reported a very high rate of satisfaction (97%). The most significant findings: ROTW improved participants' understanding of psychiatry (93%) and informed their practice (83%).ROTW is a program that addresses challenges related to remaining "up-to-date" amidst the vast amount of resources available. Survey data suggests that ROTW has a high satisfaction rate and achieves practice change, perhaps because it provides a boundless learning option for trainees and providers. Further research is needed better to understand the reasons for the success of this program.Le premier club de lecture a été créé par William Osler il y a plus d’un siècle. Aujourd’hui comme hier, le développement professionnel continu (DPC) est un défi à relever. Cet article traite des résultats sur le plan du DPC des Lectures hebdomadaires (Reading of the Week - ROTW), une ressource éducative électronique novatrice destinée aux psychiatres et aux résidents en psychiatrie canadiens.Il s’agit de l’envoi hebdomadaire d’un courriel aux médecins, par le biais de partenariats officiels, dont 13 programmes de formation en résidence, résumant les publications récentes en matière de soins psychiatriques. Un sondage en ligne fondé sur le cadre d’évaluation de l’éducation médicale continue de Moore a été mené pour examiner les résultats du programme et les moyens de l’améliorer.Un tiers des abonnés aux Lectures hebdomadaires (n = 332) ont répondu au sondage. Ils ont signalé un taux de satisfaction très élevé (97 %). Les résultats les plus significatifs : les Lectures améliorent la compréhension de la psychiatrie pour les participants (93 %), qui notent leur utilité dans la pratique (83 %).Le programme de Lectures hebdomadaires permet de relever le défi de se tenir «à jour» dans un contexte de surabondance de ressources. D’après les données du sondage, le taux de satisfaction élevé et l’impact sur la pratique des participants qu’a entraînés le programme pourraient s’expliquer par le fait qu’il offre une possibilité d’apprentissage illimité aux stagiaires et aux fournisseurs de soins. Il conviendrait de poursuivre les recherches pour mieux comprendre les raisons du succès de ce programme.
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