Objective To study the safety and effect of treating treating COPD combined respiratory failure by bronchoscope to provide envidence in future.Methods Choosed 48 patients to divide into sutyd group and controlled group.Study group were treated with NIPPV combined bronchoscope,and controlled group were treated with NIPPV only.Compared the effect of these two groups.Results The blood gas and lungs index and total effect rate in study group were better than controlled group(P0.05).Conclusion Basing on common treatment,treating COPD combined respiratory failure by bronchoscope could improve outcomes and patients life quality.
Event Abstract Back to Event Self-assembled multifunctional nanogel reduces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines to induce apoptosis in epithelial cancer cells Rui Li1, Kiara Bruggeman2, David R. Nisbet2 and Richard Williams3 1 Deakin University, CCB, Australia 2 ANU, Research School of Engineering, Australia 3 RMIT University, SAMME, Australia INTRODUCTION The link between the inflammatory response and the promotion of cancers is well established; notably in endothelial cancers such as oral, pancreatic and colon. Epidemiological studies have shown that chronic inflammation is a significant causative factor for these cancers. The use of designed, nanostructured materials formed from self assembling peptides as scaffolds is a rapidly growing research area[1]. A particularly promising application involves materials that can mediate the local tumour environment of oral cancers through attenuation of the inflammatory response, whilst simultaneously providing a stable healthy extracellular matrix (ECM) mimic to promote regeneration. Several studies showed promising anti-tumorigenic effects using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Hence, a therapeutic opportunity lies in developing a biocompatible material that can achieve a spatially confined, sustained, non-steroidal and selective suppression of the immune system. Hydrogels formed by bioinspired synthetic organic molecules known as self-assembling peptides (SAP) are highly suitable materials for cancer therapy, they have been shown to form nanofibrillar matrices of similar morphology which are functional both in vitro and in vivo through the inclusion of bioactive and biocompatible peptide sequences in the SAP during synthesis[2]. The formation of SAP hydrogels is a thermodynamically driven process[3]; the noncovalent forces that govern their assembly can be used to physically incorporate larger bioactive molecules. Here, we demonstrate a method to include a powerful non-steroidal anti-inflammatory polysaccharide within the matrix itself. MATERIALS AND METHODS All N-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) self-assembling peptides (SAPs) were synthesised stepwise using solid [phase peptide synthesis. Hydrogels were prepared at 20 mg/mL. 100 µL of deionised water with 50 µL 0.5 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was used to dissolve 10 mg of peptide. 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was then added dropwise, always while vortexing, until the pH of the solution reached 7.4.. A polyanionic polysacharride, fucoidan (marinova, TAS) was incorporated into the scaffold via coassembly, confirmed by a using a suite of characterisation techniques, including: 1H, 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Small angle neutron scattering; Atomic Force Microscopy; Transmission Electron Microscopy; Dynamic Scanning and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry; Fourier Transform-Infra Red, fluorescence and Circular dichroism spectroscopy; and parallel plate rheometry. The anti inflammatory properties of this material were tested for their effectiveness using SCC25 epithelial cancer cells, challenged with Lipopolysaccharide. Cells were cultured in 24 well tissue culture plates, with cell specific culture conditions. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We use spectroscopic and material analyses to show that coassembly facilitates the binding of fucoidan molecules to the SAP nanofibrils.We demonstrate the scaffold supports the culture of healthy cells whilst concomitantly inducing apoptosis in cancerous cells. We determine this process is underpinned by the significant (orders of magnitude) and sustained downregulation of proinflammatory gene and protein expression related to cell division and cyctokine production, even when challenged with proinflammatory lipopolysaccharide. CONCLUSION This work represents the potential for SAP hydrogels to provide sustained delivery of soluble macromolecules while maintaining their effectiveness as a tissue engineering scaffold material. Our findings highlight an innovative material approach for the distribution and sustained presentation of functional molecules on a nanoscale structure via self-assembly, showing their significant benefit for local cancer immunotherapy and drug delivery vehicles. References:[1] Nisbet, D. R.; Williams, R. J., Self-assembled peptides: characterisation and in vivo response. Biointerphases 2012, 7, (2), 1-14.[2] Modepalli, V. N.; Rodriguez, A. L.; Li, R.; Pavuluri, S.; Nicholas, K. R.; Barrow, C. J.; Nisbet, D. R.; Williams, R. J., In vitro response to functionalized self‐assembled peptide scaffolds for three‐dimensional cell culture. Peptide Science 2014, 102, (2), 197-205.[3] Li, R.; Horgan, C. C.; Long, B.; Rodriguez, A. L.; Mather, L.; Barrow, C. J.; Nisbet, D. R.; Williams, R. J., Tuning the mechanical and morphological properties of self-assembled peptide hydrogels via control over the gelation mechanism through regulation of ionic strength and the rate of pH change. RSC Advances 2015, 5, (1), 301-307. Keywords: Hydrogel, self-assembly, 3D scaffold, Cell modulation Conference: 10th World Biomaterials Congress, Montréal, Canada, 17 May - 22 May, 2016. Presentation Type: Poster Topic: Biomaterials for therapeutic delivery Citation: Li R, Bruggeman K, Nisbet DR and Williams R (2016). Self-assembled multifunctional nanogel reduces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines to induce apoptosis in epithelial cancer cells. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. Conference Abstract: 10th World Biomaterials Congress. doi: 10.3389/conf.FBIOE.2016.01.00624 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 27 Mar 2016; Published Online: 30 Mar 2016. Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Rui Li Kiara Bruggeman David R Nisbet Richard Williams Google Rui Li Kiara Bruggeman David R Nisbet Richard Williams Google Scholar Rui Li Kiara Bruggeman David R Nisbet Richard Williams PubMed Rui Li Kiara Bruggeman David R Nisbet Richard Williams Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. 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Objective Febrile seizure is a very common emergency in children Although researchers home and abroad constantly pay close attention to studies on brain damage and lesion possibly caused by febrile seizure, studies of effects on motor, behavior, spatial learning and memory are relatively seldom In our study, Spraque Dawley rats were utilized for the purpose of the exploration of effects of febrile seizures on their motor, behavior, spatial learning and memory Methods Sixty 21 day old male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing (50±5)g were divided randomly and equally into febrile seizure group (FS), febrile control group (FG) and normal control group (NG) Febrile seizure animal model was induced by hyperthermal bath with 45℃ water Febrile seizure was induced twice a day, thus ten times within five days in FS group Rats of FG group were immersed in the same hyperthermal water for 2 minutes Nothing special was performed on NG group The abilities of motor and behavior of every rat in these 3 groups were tested in inclined plane test (IPT), overhanging test (OHT) and open field test (OFT) to show their varieties Furthermore, Morris water maze was applied to evaluate the effects by febrile seizure on spatial learning and memory in rats during the place navigation test and spatial probe test Results In the present experiments, febrile seizures were altogether induced 192 times with the mean latency being (4 25 ±0 98) minutes and the mean duration being (1 06±0 59) minutes The experiments confirmed that multiple febrile seizures could lead to decreases of abilities in all tests in which analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences between febrile seizure group and the other two ( P 0 01) In inclined plane test, the turning ability of the rats was weakened The mean turning time was (9 1±2 6) seconds for FS, (5 3±2 1) seconds for FG and (5 3±2 0) seconds for NG In overhanging test, the overhanging time was shortened: (33 4±18 1) seconds for FS, (50 1±20 3) seconds for FG and (59 0±20 7) seconds for NG In the open field test, the rats became less active with the scores (5 1±2 0) for FS, (10 4±3 0) for FG and (13 2±2 3) for NG Meanwhile, the authors discovered the decreases of the abilities of spatial learning and memory in rats caused by febrile seizures many times Detailedly, in the place navigation test, the mean escape latency for the rats′ looking for hidden platform prolonged; the efficiency of their search strategy decreased; the swimming time the animals spent in platform region decreased [(44 02±5 25) seconds for FS, (51 75±5 28) seconds for FG and (57 07±5 36) seconds for NG; analysis of variance, P 0 01 ]; the number of times they crossed the platform area decreased [(6 07±1 77) times for FS, (9 25±2 07) times for FG and (11 34±2 37) times for NG; analysis of variance, P 0 01]; the percentage of their swimming time fell (36 68% for FS, 43 13% for FG and 47 56% for NG) Conclusion The experiments confirmed that multiple febrile seizures could result in damage and lesion of motor, behavior, spatial learning and memory in rats
AIM:To investigate the protective effects of total flavonoids of sowthistle-leafixeris seedling(TFS) against acute cerebral ischemia in mice and focal cerebral ischemia in rats. METHODS: The occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries with vagus in mice was used for make the acute cerebral ischemia models.The survival time and the death rate were observed.The permanent occlusion of the proximal of the right middle cerebral artery(MCA)was used for make the focal cerebral ischemia models.The extent of neurological deficits was observed,and the infarct area was measured by NBT staining technique,investigating the influence of TFS on the contents of NOS and iNOS.RESULTS:Compared with model group,TFS of 16,8 mg/kg prolonged the survival time and decreased the death rate of mice with acute cerebral ischemia injury(P0.05,P0.01).TFS of 16,8,4 mg/kg ameliorated neurologic deficits score and the infarct size of rats with MCAO,reduced the contents of NOS,iNOS(P0.05).CONCLUSION: TFS has profective effects on cerebral ischemia injury,the mechanism may relate to the inhibiton of NOS and iNOS.
We demonstrate high Ge percentage thin silicon germanium on insulator (SGOI) p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) using Ni-germanosilicide Schottky source/drain (S/D) and gate stack integrated with conventional self-aligned top gate process. Unlike high-temperature S/D activation needed for conventional transistor, low Ni-germanosilicide S/D formation temperature contributes to the excellent capacitance-voltage characteristic and low gate leakage current. SGOI structure suppresses the junction leakage problem, resulting in good agreement between the source current and drain current. In addition, extracted peak hole mobility is comparable to that of conventional bulk Ge p-MOSFET with gate stack.
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