Manhaz Khadem

Universidade da Madeira

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Francesc Mestres

Universitat de Barcelona

Joan Balanyà

Universitat de Barcelona

Humberto Nóbrega

Universidade da Madeira

Jan J. Ślaski

Universidade da Madeira

Ruben Capela

Instituto Piaget

José F. T. Ganança

Universidade da Madeira

C. Arenas

Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya

Marta Santa‐Ana

Universidade da Madeira

MÂ

Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho

Universidade da Madeira

Marios Scarvelakis

University of Ioannina

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Universidade da Madeira

University of Ioannina

University of Patras

Universitat de Barcelona

University of Évora

Universitat de València

University of Western Macedonia

Institut de Biologia Evolutiva

University of the Basque Country

Universidad Especializada de las Américas

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Global warming and chromosomal inversion adaptation in isolated islands:Drosophila subobscurapopulations from Madeira

Entomological Science (2020)

Raquel Madrenas Joan Balanyà C. Arenas Manhaz Khadem Francesc Mestres

Abstract Global warming is an environmental phenomenon to which species must adapt to survive. Drosophila subobscura presents an adaptive capacity due to its chromosomal inversion polymorphism. Until now, the impact of global warming on this polymorphism has been studied in D. subobscura populations located either on a continental mainland or on islands not far from a continent. In this context, gene flow could be a relevant mechanism allowing the movement of thermally adapted inversions between populations. Our aim was to sample and study the chromosomal polymorphism on Madeira, a small isolated island in the Atlantic Ocean. We compared our findings with those reported in the same location approximately four and five decades ago. Moreover, we studied whether global warming has occurred on this island by analyzing mean, maximum and minimum temperatures over a 55‐year period. All atmospheric parameters have increased significantly, consistent with climate change expectations. Frequencies and chromosomal thermal index values of thermal adapted inversions remained quite stable over years. Furthermore, J, U and O chromosomes are almost fixed for “warm” adapted inversions. Thus, if there is little genetic variability remaining and temperatures continue increasing, island populations of D. subobscura might be on the threshold of endangerment. However, apart from selection, genetic drift and inbreeding, other processes, such as phenotypic plasticity or thermoregulatory behavior, could be involved in the survival of the species’ populations. Finally, although in danger, D. subobscura is a generalist that lives in humanized environments, and this fact could favor its persistence on Madeira Island.

Drosophila subobscura

Chromosomal polymorphism

Chromosomal inversion

10.1111/ens.12398

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Citations (7)

Detection and Characterization of Wolbachia Infections in Natural Populations of Aphids: Is the Hidden Diversity Fully Unraveled?

PLoS ONE (2011)

A. A. Augustinos Diego Santos-García Eva Dionyssopoulou Marta Moreira Aristeidis P. Papapanagiotou

Aphids are a serious threat to agriculture, despite being a rather small group of insects. The about 4,000 species worldwide engage in highly interesting and complex relationships with their microbial fauna. One of the key symbionts in arthropods is Wolbachia, an α-Proteobacterium implicated in many important biological processes and believed to be a potential tool for biological control. Aphids were thought not to harbour Wolbachia; however, current data suggest that its presence in aphids has been missed, probably due to the low titre of the infection and/or to the high divergence of the Wolbachia strains of aphids. The goal of the present study is to map the Wolbachia infection status of natural aphids populations, along with the characterization of the detected Wolbachia strains. Out of 425 samples from Spain, Portugal, Greece, Israel and Iran, 37 were found to be infected. Our results, based mainly on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, indicate the presence of two new Wolbachia supergroups prevailing in aphids, along with some strains belonging either to supergroup B or to supergroup A.

10.1371/journal.pone.0028695

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Citations (184)

Phytogeographical origin of Madeiran common beans based on phaseolin patterns

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (2010)

Emanuel Marques da Silva Anísia Soraia Abreu Correia Nuno Alexandre Amaral Lopes Humberto Nóbrega José F. T. Ganança

The objective of this work was to determine the geographic origin of the Madeiran common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) gene pool. Phaseolin patterns of 50 accessions representing the diversity of common bean collected in Madeira, Portugal, and conserved in the ISOPlexis Germplasm Bank, were analysed using the Experion automated electrophoresis system, based on lab-on-a-chip technology. Five common bean standard varieties with typical phaseolin patterns were used to determine the phytogeographical origin of the Madeiran common bean accessions. Ninety two percent of the accessions exhibited a phaseolin pattern consistent with the one of common bean types belonging to the Andean gene pool, while the origin of the remaining 8% of the accessions was indistinguishable. The application of a similarity coefficient of 85%, based on Pearson correlations, increases the number of accessions with uncertain pattern. The analytical approach used permitted the determination of the origin of the common bean gene pool, which is Andean in 98% of the cases, and clustering of the observed variability among the Madeiran common beans.

Germ plasm

10.1590/s0100-204x2010000800012

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Citations (5)

Natural Infection of <I>Culex theileri</I> (Diptera: Culicidae) with <I>Dirofilaria immitis</I> (Nematoda: Filarioidea) on Madeira Island, Portugal

Journal of Medical Entomology (2006)

Marta Santa‐Ana Manhaz Khadem Ruben Capela

Filarioidea

10.1603/0022-2585(2006)043[0104:nioctd]2.0.co;2

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Citations (18)

Natural Infection of Culex theileri (Diptera: Culicidae) with Dirofilaria immitis (Nematoda: Filarioidea) on Madeira Island, Portugal

Journal of Medical Entomology (2006)

Marta Santa‐Ana Manhaz Khadem Ruben Capela

Field and laboratory studies were performed to verify whether Culex theileri Theobald functions as a natural vector of Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy) on Madeira Island, Portugal. CO2-baited light traps (EVS traps) were use to sample mosquitoes monthly basis between February 2002 and February 2003 in the area of Quebradas (Funchal). Three mosquito species were captured, including 58 Culex pipiens L., 790 Cx. theileri, and three Culiseta longiareolata (Macquart). Only C. theileri tested positive for D. immitis. The presence of this filarial worm was detected by direct observation, infectivity assay dissection technique, and polymerase chain reaction methods. Infected mosquitoes were recovered in October and December 2002 and January 2003. These data provide evidence that Cx. theileri could be the main vector of D. immitis in Funchal, Madeira.

Filarioidea

Culex pipiens

Dirofilaria

Infectivity

10.1093/jmedent/43.1.104

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Citations (43)

Long-term changes in the inversion chromosomal polymorphism: Drosophila subobscura population from Rasht (north of Iran)

Journal of Genetics (2022)

Manhaz Khadem C. Arenas Joan Balanyà Francesc Mestres

Drosophila subobscura

Chromosomal polymorphism