T. Leroux

Université de Montréal

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Adolf Vyskočil

Université de Montréal

Ginette Truchon

Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail

Martine Gendron

Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation

France Gagnon

Public Health Ontario

C. Viau

Université de Montréal

A. Boudjerida

Université de Montréal

François Lemay

Université Laval

S. Lim

Université de Montréal

Stéphan A. Botez

Université de Montréal

Naïma El Majidi

Université de Montréal

Cooperative Institutions

Université de Montréal

University of Ottawa

Université Laval

Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal

Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal

Université du Québec à Montréal

Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail

University of Toronto

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Ototoxicity of trichloroethylene in concentrations relevant for the working environment

Human & Experimental Toxicology (2008)

Adolf Vyskočil T. Leroux Ginette Truchon François Lemay France Gagnon

Organic solvents can cause hearing loss themselves or promote noise-induced hearing loss. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the effects of low-level exposure to trichloroethylene on the auditory system and consider its relevance for the occupational settings. Both human and animal investigations were evaluated only for realistic exposure concentrations based on the Quebec permissible exposure limits: 50 ppm 8-h time-weighed average exposure value (TWAEV) and 200 ppm short-term exposure value (STEV). In humans, the upper limit for considering ototoxicity data relevant to the occupational exposure situation was set at the STEV. Animal data were evaluated only for exposure concentrations up to 100 times the TWAEV. There is no convincing evidence of trichloroethylene-induced hearing losses in workers. In rats, trichloroethylene affects the auditory function mainly in the cochlear mid- to high-frequency range with a lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) of 2000 ppm. No studies on ototoxic interaction after combined exposure to noise and trichloroethylene were identified in humans. In rats, supra-additive interaction was reported. Further studies with sufficient data on the trichloroethylene exposure of workers are necessary to make a definitive conclusion. In the interim, we recommend considering trichloroethylene as an ototoxic agent.

Ototoxicity

Occupational exposure limit

10.1177/0960327108090267

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Citations (16)

EFFECT OF THE CO-EXPOSURE TO ORGANPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES & NOISE ON THE AUDITORY FUNCTION OF FARM WORKERS

M ROBIDOUX-LÉONARD Maryse Bouchard T. Leroux

10.25144/17002

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Vestibular Function Modulates the Benefit of Hearing Aids in People With Hearing Loss During Static Postural Control

Ear and Hearing (2019)

Maxime Maheu L. Behtani Mujda Nooristani Marie-Soleil Houde Audrey Delcenserie

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of auditory cues on postural sway in normal-hearing (NH) individuals, hearing-impaired individuals with vestibular impairment (HIVL), or hearing-impaired (HI) individuals without vestibular impairment. Design: Thirty-two participants received a hearing and a vestibular evaluation (vHIT, oVEMP, cVEMP) and then were separated in to three groups (NH, HI, HIVL). All participants had to stand on a force platform in four postural conditions (A: EO/firm, B: EC/firm, C: EO/Foam, D: EC/Foam) under two auditory conditions, with or without auditory cues. Results: Results revealed that first, there was a significant difference between HIVL and both HI and NH groups in conditions C and D without auditory cues. Second, greater improvement for HIVL compared to NH and HI groups in condition C and D was observed with auditory cues. Finally, somatosensory reliance significantly decreased for the HIVL participants using hearing aids compared to NH and HI. Conclusions: Our results suggest that hearing aids benefit for postural control may be modulated by vestibular function.

10.1097/aud.0000000000000720

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Citations (27)

Occupational ototoxicity of n-hexane

Human & Experimental Toxicology (2008)

Adolf Vyskočil T. Leroux Ginette Truchon Martine Gendron Naïma El Majidi

The ability of chemicals to produce hearing loss themselves or to promote noise-induced hearing loss has been reported for some organic solvents. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the effects of low-level exposure to n-hexane on the auditory system and consider its relevance for occupational settings. Both human and animal investigations were evaluated only for realistic exposure concentrations based on the permissible inhalation exposure limits. In Quebec, the time-weighted average exposure value (TWAEV) for 8 h is 50 ppm. In humans, the upper limit for considering ototoxicity data relevant to the occupational exposure situation was set at five times the TWAEV. Animal data were evaluated only for exposure concentrations up to 100 times the TWAEV. There is no convincing evidence of n-hexane-induced hearing loss in workers. In rats, n-hexane seems to affect auditory function; however, the site of these alterations cannot be determined from the present data. Further studies with sufficient data on the exposure of workers to n-hexane are necessary to make a definitive conclusion. In the interim, we recommend considering n-hexane as a possibly ototoxic agent.

Ototoxicity

Hexane

10.1177/0960327108093719

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Citations (11)

Perchloroethylene Ototoxicity of industrial chemicals alone or in combination with noise

Adolf Vyskočil T. Leroux Ginette Truchon François Lemay France Gagnon

Ototoxicity

Industrial noise

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Field Evaluation of Audible Traffic Signals for Blind Pedestrians

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting (2000)

Chantal Laroche T. Leroux Christian Giguère Pierre Poirier

The project aims to single out an audible traffic signal or a pair of audible traffic signals that would enable blind pedestrians to cross intersections safely. This is carried out in three phases: 1) measuring walking alignment and crossing time of blind pedestrian subjects within a simulated corridor, with four different simultaneous traffic signals (cuckoo, peep-peep, 4-note melody and neo-cuckoo) presented in a quiet environment, 2) measuring alignment with audible traffic signals alternating on each end of the simulated corridor, in a quiet environment and 3) measuring alignment at a busy real intersection. This paper reports on the results of the first two phases. The 4-note melody originally proposed by Hall et al. (1996) and modified in a recent study (Laroche et al., 1999) gave better results in terms of localization and perception of safety than any other signals specified in the Canadian standard (Transportation Association of Canada, 1992). Audible traffic signals alternating back and forth on each side of the corridor gave better results than signals presented simultaneously from both sides.

QUIET

SIGNAL (programming language)

10.1177/154193120004402261

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THE WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE APPROACH IN THE ASSESSMENT OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT INDUCED BY NOISE AND OTOTOXIC CHEMICALS

T. Leroux Adolf Vyskočil Ginette Truchon François Lemay France Gagnon

10.25144/17047

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A proposal for a new federal regulation on noisy toys

Canadian acoustics (1991)

T. Leroux Chantal Laroche

The Federal Act prohibiting sale of hazardous products limits the sound level emitted by toys to 100 dB. A review of the literature shows that this criteria is not safe for children regarding the risk of developing hearing loss. Based on a world wide accepted safe limit of 75 dBA, more than 85% of the toys available on the Canadian market are not safe and may induce hearing loss and other adverse effects on the long term. This needless risk for child health could be avoided by having a more adequate federal regulation

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A PILOT STUDY OF NOISE LEVEL IN A PHARMACY DEPARTMENT IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL

E. Huet G JAKMAKJIAN J-F Bussières T. Leroux

10.25144/16915

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Ethyl benzene should be considered ototoxic at occupationally relevant exposure concentrations

Toxicology and Industrial Health (2008)

Adolf Vyskočil T. Leroux Ginette Truchon François Lemay Martine Gendron

Organic solvents can produce ototoxic effects in both man and experimental animals. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the effects of low-level exposure to ethyl benzene on the auditory system and consider its relevance for the occupational settings. Both human and animal investigations were evaluated only for realistic exposure concentrations based on the permissible exposure limits. In Quebec, the Time-Weighed Average Exposure Value for 8 h (TWAEV) is 100 ppm (434 mg/m 3 ) and the Short-Term Exposure Value for 15 min (STEV) is 125 ppm (543 mg/m 3 ). In humans, the upper limit for considering ototoxicity data relevant to the occupational exposure situation was set at STEV. Animal data were evaluated only for exposure concentrations up to 100 times the TWAEV. In workers, there is no evidence of either ethyl benzene-induced hearing losses or ototoxic interaction after combined exposure to ethyl benzene and noise. In rats, ethyl benzene affects the auditory function mainly in the cochlear mid-frequency range and ototoxic interaction was observed after combined exposure to noise and ethyl benzene. Further studies with sufficient data on the ethyl benzene exposure of workers are necessary to make a definitive conclusion. Given the current evidence from animal studies, we recommend considering ethyl benzene as an ototoxic agent.

10.1177/0748233708094097

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Citations (14)