Abstract EGCG inhibits vascular smooth muscle proliferation.Nur77 and DNMT1 have been observd in the plaques of patients with atherosclerosis and are thought to be associated with vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. This study was designed to investigate the role and mechanism of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells( VSMCs) and clarified the underlying molecular mechanism of EGCG. We investigated whether EGCG suppressed platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis in vivo and vitro. The effect of EGCG on smooth muscle cell proliferation and phenotype were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8), EdU staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis.The effect of EGCG on smooth muscle cell migration was uising Wound-healing assay and Western blot analysis..The effect of EGCG on smooth muscle cell apoptosis was uising Flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. The current findings demonstrated that EGCG alleviated neointimal hyperplasia in balloon-induced arterial walls in vivo, significantly inhibited PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, and promoted apoptosis in vitro and identical results were obtained in vivo..Moreover, EGCG attenuated VSMC proliferation by modulating the regulation of the DNMT1-Nur77-signaling axis. Our collective data showed that EGCG inhibited PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation via DNMT1 regulation of the Nur77- signaling axis. In conclusion, These findings suggest that EGCG may be a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
Abstract Background: The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between pistachio intake and obesity. Methods: We searched 6 databases and acquired parameters from randomized controlled trials regarding obesity, including body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. A fixed-effect model was applied to the meta-analysis for the weighted mean difference (WMD) between a diet with pistachios and a control diet. Results: Eleven trials including a total of 1593 subjects met the inclusion criteria. Compared to the group on a control diet, the pistachio diet group showed lower BMI values (WMD: −0.18 kg/m 2 ; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.26, −0.11 kg/m 2 ; I 2 = 29.8%) and no differences in body weight (WMD: −0.22 kg; 95% CI: −0.50, 0.07 kg; I 2 = 0.0%) or waist circumference (WMD: 0.76 cm; 95% CI: −0.11, 1.63 cm; I 2 = 7.0%). Conclusion: A diet with pistachios reduced BMI and had no significant effects on body weight and waist circumference.
Previous studies have indicated that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors can induce an increase of blood pressure and exacerbate myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion, whereas angiotensin II receptor antagonists protect the myocardium against injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion. Isolated hearts from male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) or male Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were subjected to 20 min global ischemia and 30 min reperfusion. Heart rate, coronary flow, left ventricular pressure, and its first derivatives (±dP/dt max ) were recorded, and serum concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and NO and the release of creatine kinase in coronary effluent were measured. The level of ADMA was significantly increased and the concentration of NO was decreased in SHR. Ischemia and reperfusion significantly inhibited the recovery of cardiac function and increased the release of creatine kinase, and ischemia and reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in SHR was aggravated compared with WKY. Vasodilation responses to acetylcholine of aortic rings were decreased in SHR. Treatment with losartan (30 mg/kg) for 14 days significantly lowered blood pressure, elevated the plasma level of NO, and decreased the plasma concentration of ADMA in SHR. Treatment with losartan significantly improved endothelium-dependent relaxation and cardiac function during ischemia and reperfusion in SHR. Exogenous ADMA also aggravated myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion in isolated perfused heart of WKY, as shown by increasing creatine kinase release and decreasing cardiac function. The present results suggest that the protective effect of losartan on myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion is related to the reduction of ADMA levels.
Abstract Background/Aims: Platelet activation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease(CAD) ， platelet P-selectin(CD62P )is a platelet classic activation indicator in platelet surface and soluble TREM-like transcript-1 (sTLT-1) is a new one,the relation between these two makers and acute coronary syndromes(ACS) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the expression of CD62P in platelet surface and sTLT-1 on serum and their relationship with CAD. Methods: We measured the levels of CD62P and sTLT-1 in 83 patients undergoing CAD compared to 49 controls.The associations with age, blood pressure,lipid profiles, body mass index and liver injury marker levels were also examined. Results: A stepwise increase in CD62P concentration was found based on the number of CAD patients (P <0.01), especially in AMI (P <0.01) . Serum sTLT-1 concentration of AMI and UAP were more higher than the NC group (P <0.01). Conclusions: The consistent of sTLT-1 and CD62P expression levels in CAD,indicating that sTLT-1 level may be a new maker of platelet activating and positively related with CAD.
Abstract Background: Sex differences in obesity and related metabolic diseases are well recognized, however, the mechanism has not been elucidated. Gut microbiota and its metabolites may play a vital role in the development of obesity and metabolic diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate sex differences in gut microbiota and its metabolites in a high-fat-diet (HFD) obesity rats and identify microbiota genera potentially contributing to such differences in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) susceptibility. Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups (eight animals per group): (1) male rats on a normal diet (MND), (2) male rats on HFD (MHFD), (3) female rats on a normal diet (FND), and (4) female rats on HFD (FHFD). Body weight, liver pathology, gut microbiota and short/medium chain fatty acids in colon contents were compared between different sexes. Results: HFD induced more body weight gain and fat storage in female rats, however, lower hepatic steatosis in FHFD than in MHFD rats was observed. When considering gut microbiota composition, FHFD rats had lower microbiome diversity than MHFD. A significant increase of Firmicutes phylum, along with Bilophila and Blautia genus was detected in MHFD rats, as compared with FHFD, which showed increased relative abundance of Murimonas . Moreover, propionic and lauric acid levels were higher in FHFD than those in MHFD rats. Conclusions: HFD induced sex-related alterations in gut microbiome and fatty acids. Furthermore, the genus Bilophila , Blautia and Murimonas might contribute to sex differences observed in obesity and NAFLD susceptibility.
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