Background and ObjectivesZZNeonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the important causative factors of sensorineural hearing loss including auditory neuropathy.The auditory brain stem response (ABR) is widely used as a screening or diagnostic tool for newborn hearing loss.This study aimed to analyze serial ABR results of newborns with severe hyperbilirubinemia.Subjects and MethodZZThis study examined 120 full term infants treated for hyperbilirubinemia in the neonatal intensive care unit.The first ABR was performed within one month after birth.Follow-up tests were conducted in patients with abnormal results (25 cases).The control group was composed of 21 healthy newborns who passed the newborn hearing screening.ResultsZZThe mean ABR threshold was higher in the newborns with hyperbilirubinemia than in the control group (43.8 dB nHL versus 30.0 dB nHL, p＜0.001).Of the 25 newborns who underwent follow-up ABR, 15 newborns demonstrated recovery of the hearing threshold up to 30 dB nHL.The hearing threshold did not improve below 50 dB nHL for five newborns, of whom one was diagnosed with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.There was no difference in the mean ABR interwave latency between newborns with hyperbilirubinemia and the control group.ConclusionZZNeonates with hyperbilirubimenia might suffer transient or permanent hearing loss.Serial ABR tests might be essential for the diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss in patients with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
Cholesteatoma destructs bony tissue by the interactions between hyperproliferative epithelial cells and subepithelial inflammatory cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and microvessel density (MVD) in middle ear cholesteatoma tissue in an effort to determine the relationship between expression of EGFR and neovascularization.We evaluated the expression of EGFR and MVD by immunohistochemical staining for CD31 and Factor VIII in 32 cholesteatoma tissue samples and 7 normal postauricular skin samples. We also analyzed the correlation between EGFR expression and MVD.The expression of EGFR was higher in cholesteatoma than in postauricular skin, but the difference was not statistically significant. EGFR was more highly expressed in the suprabasal layer than in the basal layer. Using CD31 and Factor VIII, we analyzed the MVD and found that it was significantly higher in cholesteatoma than in postauricular skin, and significantly correlated with the expression of EGFR.Our results suggest that overexpression of EGFR and neovascularization are correlated with the growth of cholesteatoma.
Objective: The aims of the study was to compare the treatment outcomes associated with the steroid administration routes in unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: From January 1998 to December 2014, three hundred and eighteen patients with unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss were assessed. Among them, 34 patients received the intravenous dexamethasone (16 mg/day)while the others 284 patients received 1mg/kg prednisolone daily with a subsequently tapered dose. We performed a propensity score matching analysis using previously known prognostic factors including initial hearing level, presence of vertigo and duration of onset of treatment to compare treatment outcome of IV and oral steroid. The hearing recovery between the IV steroid group and propensity score matched oral steroid group was assessed according to the AAO-HNS guideline and Siegel's criteria. Results: In the comparison between oral and IV steroid group, mean age, the initial hearing level was significantly higher in the oral steroid group than in IV steroid group (p=0.002, p=0.003) After propensity score matching, initial hearing level, age, sex and other clinical parameters were not significantly different between IV steroid and matched oral steroid group. In the treatment outcome, the complete recovery rate in IV steroid and the oral steroid group were 64.7% and 47.1% respectively. Although the recovery rate of the IV steroid group was higher than that of the oral steroid group, statistical significance was not identified. Conclusions: The administration route of systemic steroid did not affect the clinical outcomes of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. (J Clinical Otolaryngol 2017;28-:42-48)
Acute or chronic otitis media can cause intracranial complications, one of the most serious being brain abscess. Empirical antibiotic treatment and proper surgical management should be considered to avoid fatal consequences. However, proper extent and optimal timing of surgical intervention are still matters of debate. We present a case of a 31-year-old man who presented with acutely altered mental status, caused by otogenic brain abscess who we treated successfully with antibiotics and otologic surgery and no neurosurgical treatment.
Auricle cancers are relatively uncommon head and neck neoplasm and most of them are squamous cell carcinoma. Metastatic auricle cancer is extremely rare; metastases from internal organ have not been reported so far. We recently experienced a case of metastatic auricle cancer from adenocarcinoma of stomach. Seventy years old man who had undergone gastrectomy for stomach cancer 10 years ago visited our hospital complaining painless auricle mass. Biopsy of the auricle mass revealed a metastatic adenocarcinoma that is same as that of the stomach cancer. Patient underwent excision of auricle mass and adjuvant chemotherapy. Here we report this case with the review of related literatures. � Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2014;57(3):178-81 Key WordsZZAdenocarcinoma ㆍAuricle ㆍMetastasis ㆍStomach cancer.
Background and Objectives:A number of studies have documented that the incidence of otitis media with effusion (OME is greater than 90% in children with cleft palates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of OME and mastoid pneumatization in children with cleft palate. Subjects and Method:We studied 175 ears in 95 patients. They were categorized into three groups according to otologic finding:normal children (38 ears, children with OME (89 ears, children with cleft palates (38 ears. The mastoid pnuematization was graded into 5 groups. Results:The masoid pneumatization was relatively good in 76.3% of normal children. The mastoid pneumatization was poor in 40.4% of the children with OME. All children with cleft palate had OME in both ears and their mastoid pneumatizations were very poor, with 16.7% of grade IV and 83.3% of grade V. Conclusion:The mastoid pneumatization of children with cleft palate was very poor compared to those without cleft palate. We believe that mastoid pneumatization was influenced by the disease of middle ear and mastoid, environmental factors. Special consideration is needed to deal with otologic problems in children with cleft palate. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2002;45:862-5
Background and Objectives Voltage dependent calcium channel (VDCC) mediates calcium ion influx and controls neurotransmitter release in excitable cells. Hair cells in vertebrates cochlea are known to express L-type VDCC. The purpose of this study was to measure calcium current from hair cells to investigate basic activity and characteristics of VDCC. Materials and Method We measured calcium current in hair cells of the chicken’s auditory organ, the basilar papilla analogous to the mammalian cochlea, in whose L-type, dihydropyridinesensitive calcium channels predominate and in vestibular hair cells from cristae. Calcium current through VDCC was isolated in voltage-clamp recording using Cesium, Tetraethylammonium, 4-aminopyridine and apamin to block the much larger potassium currents. Various concentrations of internal calcium buffer, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or 1,2-bis (o-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) were used. Results The higher the buffer concentration, the larger the current size were; they were significantly larger in 10 mM of calcium buffer concentration (ANOVA, p
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