F. K. Mundon

To investigate the possible occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or human T-cell lymphotropic virus, type I (HTLV-I) infections in the United States prior to 1979-1981, when acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first recognized, we tested sera from 310 pregnant women who participated in the Collaborative Perinatal Project during the period 1959-1964 for HIV and HTLV-I antibody. These samples included sera from 53 pregnant women who were intravenous drug users. The remainder were from women who had cervical epithelial abnormalities, who developed cervical carcinomas, who had had children with erythroblastosis fetalis, who had had children that developed malignant neoplasms early in life, or normal pregnant women. None of the 310 women had confirmed HIV or HTLV-I antibody. The rate of false-positive reactions with the HIV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody test in these long-frozen samples was similar to that observed in fresh sera. HIV antibody was detected in homosexual patients with AIDS; HTLV-I antibody was not detected in any of these sera. HTLV-I antibody was detected in 17 of 20 patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and in two of seven patients with other neurological diseases diagnosed as transverse myelopathy and multiple sclerosis, and in none of nine normal controls; HIV antibody was not detected in any of these sera patients. Thus, we conclude that there was no serological evidence of infection with HIV or HTLV-I in the pregnant women studied; however, HIV antibody was present in all AIDS patients tested, and HTLV-I antibody was found in the majority of patients with TSP.

Tropical spastic paraparesis

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Serological Studies of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, controls, and Patients with Other Neurological Diseases: Antibodies to HTLV-I, HTLV-II, HIV, and STLV-III

Springer eBooks (1988)

David L. Madden F. K. Mundon Nancy Tzan David A. Fuccillo Marinos C. Dalakas

Tropical spastic paraparesis

10.1007/978-3-642-73032-0_7

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STUDIES OF RUBELLA. II. NEUTRALIZATION OF THE VIRUS.

PubMed (1964)

Paul D. Parkman F. K. Mundon J. M. McCown Edward L. Buescher

Summary Neutralizing antibody to rubella virus was measured in tissue culture by a constant virusvarying serum test. Careful control of virus dose was the most important factor for obtaining reproducible results. Antibody titers were increased by diluting sera with unheated antibody-free rabbit serum; this enhancing effect was abolished by heating. With the standard test, rubella virus strains were shown to be antigenically similar, and different from several other human viruses. The test reliably differentiated between antibody positive and negative sera, and with comparable virus doses showed reproducibility of antibody titer similar to other neutralization tests. The immune status of military recruits was correctly predicted by presence or absence of antibody. Antibody appearance after clinical or subclinical infection was prompt and persisted for years.

Rubella virus

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Citations (58)

STUDIES OF RUBELLA. I. PROPERTIES OF THE VIRUS.

PubMed (1964)

Paul D. Parkman Edward L. Buescher Malcolm S. Artenstein J. M. McCown F. K. Mundon

Summary Rubella virus interfered with propagation of enteroviruses, myxoviruses and arboviruses in GMK cultures. Mechanisms involved in production of this interference remain uncertain; no evidence of interferons has been found. Titers of infective rubella virus were measured most accurately by interference in GMK cultures incubated 10 days before challenge. These interference titers were not influenced significantly by specific type of challenge virus or its concentration. Rubella virus strains multiplied in 13 different cell systems including primary, continuous heteroploid and diploid cell lines. Tests in 11 of these showed similar rates of virus growth. Interference, however, developed differently in each culture system and could not be correlated with virus production. The virus was filterable through 300 but not 100 mµ Millipore filters. It was destroyed by heating, ethyl ether, chloroform and formalin. Thermal inactivation rates at 37°C were similar to those to rubeola, herpes simplex and influenza viruses. Propagation was not affected by IDU. No hemagglutinin or complement-fixing antigen has been shown. The findings support the original suggestion that rubella virus is unrelated to other known animal viruses.

Rubella virus

Viral Interference

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ANTIBODY TO HEPATITIS A IN MENTALLY RETARDED INPATIENTS

The Lancet (1977)

W. T. Hall F. K. Mundon D. L. Madden

Mentally retarded

10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92210-3

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Citations (3)

Studies of Rubella

The Journal of Immunology (1964)

Paul D. Parkman F. K. Mundon J. M. McCown Edward L. Buescher

Summary Neutralizing antibody to rubella virus was measured in tissue culture by a constant virusvarying serum test. Careful control of virus dose was the most important factor for obtaining reproducible results. Antibody titers were increased by diluting sera with unheated antibody-free rabbit serum; this enhancing effect was abolished by heating. With the standard test, rubella virus strains were shown to be antigenically similar, and different from several other human viruses. The test reliably differentiated between antibody positive and negative sera, and with comparable virus doses showed reproducibility of antibody titer similar to other neutralization tests. The immune status of military recruits was correctly predicted by presence or absence of antibody. Antibody appearance after clinical or subclinical infection was prompt and persisted for years.

Subclinical infection

Rubella virus

Antibody titer

10.4049/jimmunol.93.4.608

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Citations (31)

Lack of oral HSV‐2 in a college student population

Journal of Medical Virology (1985)

John J. Docherty John J. Trimble S. R. Roman Sally Faulkner Floyd P. Naugle

Abstract A population of individuals with a high incidence of genital herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1), due most likely to oro‐genital contact, was examined to determine the incidence of oral herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) infection. Herpes simplex virus was isolated from the oral cavity of 43 college students whose symptoms ranged from singular lesions of the lips with minimal discomfort to severe oral disease with systemic involvement resulting in lymphadenopathy, chills, sweat, myalgia, and fever. The virus isolated from each case was identified by serum neutralization and typed as HSV‐1 or HSV‐2 using (E)‐5‐(2‐bromovinyl)‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BVDU) sensitivity, monoclonal antibody immunofluorescence, and restriction endonuclease EcoRI digestion of viral DNA. In every instance the isolate was HSV‐1. Additional identification and typing of head and neck isolates as well as oral samples from nonuniversity patients demonstrated that all were also HSV‐1. Therefore, while HSV‐1 appears to be readily transmitted to the genitalia in this group of individuals, the transmission of HSV‐2 to the oral cavity may not be as common, even though clinical histories revealed that several of these patients were engaging in oro‐genital contact.

HSL and HSV

Herpes Genitalis

10.1002/jmv.1890160309

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Citations (18)

Abstracts

Medical virology (1989)

S. S. Kalter R. L. Heberling M. Banach Benjamin L. Judson Curt A. Gleaves

Centrifuge

Complement fixation test

10.1007/978-1-4899-0891-9_14

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Citations (0)

Studies of Rubella

The Journal of Immunology (1964)

Paul D. Parkman Edward L. Buescher Malcolm S. Artenstein J. M. McCown F. K. Mundon

Summary Rubella virus interfered with propagation of enteroviruses, myxoviruses and arboviruses in GMK cultures. Mechanisms involved in production of this interference remain uncertain; no evidence of interferons has been found. Titers of infective rubella virus were measured most accurately by interference in GMK cultures incubated 10 days before challenge. These interference titers were not influenced significantly by specific type of challenge virus or its concentration. Rubella virus strains multiplied in 13 different cell systems including primary, continuous heteroploid and diploid cell lines. Tests in 11 of these showed similar rates of virus growth. Interference, however, developed differently in each culture system and could not be correlated with virus production. The virus was filterable through 300 but not 100 mµ Millipore filters. It was destroyed by heating, ethyl ether, chloroform and formalin. Thermal inactivation rates at 37°C were similar to those to rubeola, herpes simplex and influenza viruses. Propagation was not affected by IDU. No hemagglutinin or complement-fixing antigen has been shown. The findings support the original suggestion that rubella virus is unrelated to other known animal viruses.

Rubella virus

Viral Interference

10.4049/jimmunol.93.4.595

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Citations (39)

Serologic studies of MS patients, controls, and patients with other neurologic diseases

Neurology (1988)

David L. Madden F. K. Mundon N. R. Tzan D. A. Fuccillo M. C. Dalakas Vittorio Calabrese

We have studied the frequency of human retrovirus antibody (HTLV-I, II, III) in the serum and CSF of patients with MS, matched controls, and patients with optic neuritis, idiopathic and postencephalitic Parkinson9s disease, neuropathies, polymyositis, ALS, and postpoliomyelitis. Except for the postpoliomyelitis samples, all samples were collected prior to 1980. Contrary to a previous published report, no significant levels of antibody to HTLV-I, II, or III were found in the MS patients or controls. No retrovirus antibody was detected in patients with the other neurologic diseases.

Optic neuritis

Neurologic disease

10.1212/wnl.38.1.81

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Citations (16)

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