The blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur szechuanensis) belongs to the subfamily Caprinae, which distributes in Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, southeastern Xinjiang, northern Yunnan and Ningxia-Inner Mongolia border, China. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of P. n. szechuanensis was sequenced. The mitogenome was 16,738 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a non-coding control region. As in other mammals, most mitochondrial genes are encoded on the heavy strand, except for ND6 and eight tRNA genes which are encoded on the light strand. The overall base composition of the P. n. szechuanensis is 33.5% A, 26.4% T, 27.0% C, and 13.2% G. The alignment of the Pseudois species control regions exhibited high genetic variability and rich A + T content. The complete mitogenome of P. n. szechuanensis can provide an important data for the studies on phylogenetic relationship and population genetics to further explore the taxonomic status of this species.
The Chinese Serow (Capricornis milneedwardsii) is a native species distributed in China and Southeast Asia, and has been listed as one of the Class II national protected species in China. Here we first determined and annotated its complete mitochondrial genome. The mito-genome of Chinese Serow is 16,444 bp in length, consisting of two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and one control region. The overall base composition is A: 33.5%, T: 26.7%, C: 26.6%, and G: 13.2%, with a much higher A + T content.
Abstract: Chronic wounds are recalcitrant complications of a variety of diseases, with pathologic features including bacterial infection, persistent inflammation, and proliferation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the wound microenvironment. Currently, the use of antimicrobial drugs, debridement, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and other methods in clinical for chronic wound treatment is prone to problems such as bacterial resistance, wound expansion, and even exacerbation. In recent years, researchers have proposed many novel materials for the treatment of chronic wounds targeting the disease characteristics, among which metal–phenolic networks (MPNs) are supramolecular network structures that utilize multivalent metal ions and natural polyphenols complexed through ligand bonds. They have a flexible and versatile combination of structural forms and a variety of formations (nanoparticles, coatings, hydrogels, etc.) that can be constructed. Functionally, MPNs combine the chemocatalytic and bactericidal properties of metal ions as well as the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of polyphenol compounds. Together with the excellent properties of rapid synthesis and negligible cytotoxicity, MPNs have attracted researchers' great attention in biomedical fields such as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. This paper will focus on the composition of MPNs, the mechanisms of MPNs for the treatment of chronic wounds, and the application of MPNs in novel chronic wound therapies. Keywords: metal–phenolic networks, chronic wounds, antimicrobial, antioxidant, reactive oxygen species scavenging, revascularization
Air pollution in Japan has decreased from the elevated levels found during the period of high economic growth. However, in recent years there is increasing concern regarding air pollution caused by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its effect on human health. First, we investigated the seasonal and regional characteristics of air pollution caused by PM2.5 using ground measurements in China and Japan. Next, the cause of air pollution was classified as urban air pollution or transboundary air pollution. Air pollution in Fukuoka (in southwestern Japan) is strongly affected by transboundary air pollution. Nearly half of all air pollution in Tokyo (in eastern Japan) may be urban pollution caused by local emissions. PM2.5 high concentration from winter to spring is often caused by transboundary air pollution. On the other hand, PM2.5 high concentration from summer to autumn is greatly influenced by urban pollution. Air pollution caused by PM2.5 high concentration tends to decrease in Japan. This is due to both a reduction in PM2.5 emissions in Japan and a decrease in PM2.5 concentrations in China.
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