Sandra K. Fernbach

American Academy of Pediatrics

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Trends

Author Order

Document Type

Co-Authors

Kate A. Feinstein

University of Chicago

Max Maizels

Lurie Children's Hospital

Ronald B. J. Glass

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

James J. Conway

Glenbrook Hospital

Richard M. Gore

Northwestern University

Thomas P. Naidich

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

A. K. Poznanski

Lurie Children's Hospital

Beth W. Alderman

Ashland (United States)

David G. McLone

Neurological Surgery

Margaret D. Gore

NorthShore University HealthSystem

Cooperative Institutions

American College of Radiology

Northwestern University

American Academy of Pediatrics

American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine

American Society of Neuroradiology

Northwestern Memorial Hospital

Harvard University

Lurie Children's Hospital

Boston Children's Hospital

Massachusetts General Hospital

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Field

Growth Acceleration Following Renal Transplantation in Children Less Than 7 Years of Age

PEDIATRICS (1981)

Julie R. Ingelfinger Warren E. Grupe William Harmon Sandra K. Fernbach Raphael H. Levey

Of 110 consecutive renal allografts performed at Children's Hospital Medical Center 12 were in 11 patients aged 3 to 7 years. Patient and graft survival and linear growth were evaluated in these 11 children. All 11 are surviving, seven (64%) with functioning allografts 12 to 92 months after transplant. Six of these seven have normal renal function (on alternate day prednisone dose less than 0.7 mg/kg every two days plus daily azathioprine) and all seven have shown catch-up growth, reaching and maintaining normal height for age. An eighth patient, now returned to dialysis, grew from below the third percentile at age 3 years to the 25th percentile at age 8 years, after which renal function deteriorated. Three patients rapidly rejected allografts and have had decreased growth velocity for age. In contrast, although many of the remaining 76 patients who received 98 transplants after age 7 years are growing, none showed accelerated linear growth sufficient to catch up if below the third percentile for age or to cross centile lines if above. Neither the degree of pretransplant bone age retardation nor steroid dose per kilogram accounted for lack of growth acceleration of those more than 7 years of age. Despite small sample size, the growth of renal transplant recipients less than 7 years of age suggests that they are good, and in some ways, favored transplant candidates.

10.1542/peds.68.2.255

Cite

Citations (102)

PARENTAL OCCUPATIONS AS RISK FACTORS FOR CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS IN OFFSPRING

Epidemiology (1995)

Cynthia M. Bradley Beth W. Alderman Michelle A. Williams H. Checkoway Sandra K. Fernbach

In a population-based case-control study, we examined relations between maternal and paternal occupations and the risk of infant craniosynostosis. Cases were 212 children born to Colorado residents and diagnosed during 1986-1989 with radiographically confirmed synostosis of unknown etiology. Controls were 291 children randomly selected from state birth records and frequency matched to cases on month and year of birth. Trained staff conducted telephone interviews of mothers of case and control children. Information was obtained about each job held by either parent during the pregnancy, and any job that the father held during the 3 months before the last menstrual period before conception. Jobs were coded using 1980 Census occupation and industry codes. We found no strong associations for maternal occupations. Of paternal occupations, two groups were associated with moderately increased odds ratios after adjustment for maternal smoking and altitude: agriculture and forestry (odds ratio = 2.3; 95% confidence interval = 1.0-5.2), and mechanics and repairmen (odds ratio = 2.7; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-6.1). For both, the odds ratios were higher for males.

Odds

10.1097/00001648-199505000-00020

Cite

Citations (37)

Outcome of Nonspecific Hydronephrosis in the Infant: A Report from the Registry of the Society for Fetal Urology

The Journal of Urology (1994)

Max Maizels Brent Mitchell Evan J. Kass Sandra K. Fernbach James J. Conway

Since 1988 the Society for Fetal Urology has worked to evaluate if there is consensus on management of infants with nonspecific hydronephrosis. Initially, multicenter agreement on the criteria to grade hydronephrosis and method of diuretic renography were developed to promote similarities in how infant kidneys with nonspecific hydronephrosis were profiled for grade (0 to 4), per cent differential function by diuretic renography and drainage response by diuretic renography (obstructed, not obstructed or indeterminate). Between 1989 and 1992 a total of 33 pediatric urologists from 21 cities registered 464 cases (582 kidneys) of hydronephrosis. Of the cases 275 (59%) were managed by observation and 189 (41%) were treated surgically. The operated kidneys showed profiles (hydronephrosis grade 3 or greater and diuretic renography obstructed) that were significantly different from the profiles of observed kidneys (hydronephrosis grade 2 or less and diuretic renography no obstruction) (p < 0.001 each). Six months postoperatively the mean grade of hydronephrosis (1.8) and diuretic renography diagnosis (no obstruction) were significantly better than they were preoperatively (p < 0.001 each). In addition, postoperatively the mean grade of hydronephrosis, diuretic renography diagnosis and per cent differential function were similar to age matched observed kidneys. We conclude that when radiographic tests are done similarly, there is consensus in the management of infant hydronephrosis by surgery or observation.

10.1016/s0022-5347(17)31668-3

Cite

Citations (59)

Nephroblastomatosis: comparison of CT with US and urography.

Radiology (1988)

Sandra K. Fernbach Kate A. Feinstein J S Donaldson Edward S. Baum

A review of the imaging studies of five children with Wilms tumor and nephroblastomatosis demonstrated that contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) can show the multifocal involvement of nephroblastomatosis more accurately than either excretory urography or real-time ultrasound (US). In all five children, CT demonstrated multiple areas of nephroblastomatosis along the renal cortex. US showed a single intrarenal mass in each child (one bilaterally) but did not show the cortical nephroblastomatosis. Excretory urography also demonstrated only the dominant mass of the Wilms tumor. The superiority of CT is attributed to better spatial resolution and soft-tissue contrast differentiation and clear demarcation between nonenhanced nephroblastomatosis and enhanced normal renal parenchyma. Contrast-enhanced CT is therefore recommended for the evaluation of clinically abnormal and contralateral kidneys in all children with suspected Wilms tumor.

Pyelogram

Renal parenchyma

Renal cortex

Parenchyma

10.1148/radiology.166.1.2827229

Cite

Citations (32)

Calcification and ossification in a congenital mesoblastic nephroma

Urologic Radiology (1985)

Sandra K. Fernbach A Schlesinger F. González‐Crussi

10.1007/bf02926878

Cite

Citations (5)

Ureteral duplication and its complications.

Radiographics (1997)

Sandra K. Fernbach Kate A. Feinstein Kirk T. Spencer C A Lindstrom

Duplication of the ureters is a common anomaly and is frequently encountered by radiologists. Duplication may be either complete or incomplete and is often accompanied by various complications. Incomplete duplication is most often associated with ureteroureteral reflux or ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower pole of the kidney. Complete duplication is most often associated with vesicoureteral reflux, ectopic ureterocele, or ectopic ureteral insertion, all of which are more common in girls than in boys. Vesicoureteral reflux affects the lower pole and can be outgrown, as in nonduplicated systems. Ectopic ureterocele and ectopic ureteral insertion affect the upper pole. The ectopic ureterocele produces a filling defect of variable size in the bladder; it can be identified with contrast material studies or ultrasound. Ectopic ureters may function poorly, be difficult to detect, and cause enuresis in girls. A fourth complication, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, occurs only in the lower pole and is seen in more boys than girls. Anatomic variants or anomalies as well as suboptimal imaging techniques can either simulate or obscure duplication, making diagnosis difficult. However, familiarity with the embryology of duplication and an awareness of the potential pitfalls of excretory urography and voiding cystourethrography will foster an understanding of the varied appearances and associated complications of both incomplete and complete duplication.

Ureterocele

Ectopic ureter

Megaureter

10.1148/radiographics.17.1.9017803

Cite

Citations (163)

Increased risk of craniosynostosis with maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy

Birth Defects Research (1994)

Beth W. Alderman Cynthia M. Bradley Carol L. Greene Sandra K. Fernbach Anna E. Barón

Abstract We analyzed data from a population‐based case control study to determine whether maternal prenatal smoking or alcohol drinking might increase the risk of craniosynostosis. Between 1986 and 1989, the Colorado Craniosynostosis Registry ascertained 233 children whose diagnoses were confirmed by an independent radiologist. Of the 212 (91%) cases who participated, 86 had lambdoid, 69 had sagittal, 25 had coronal, 18 had metopic, and 14 had multiple suture synostosis. Random sampling of birth certificate records yielded 367 eligible controls, of whom 291 (79%) participated. Study staff interviewed case and control mothers between 1989 and 1991 for prenatal smoking and alcohol drinking. We used Mantel‐Haenszel and polychotomous logistic regression techniques to estimate the relative odds of craniosynostosis for smoking and drinking in all cases and in relevant case subgroups. Smoking was associated with c relative odds of craniosynostosis of 1. 7 (95% confidence interval, 1.2–2.6). For smoking of more than one pack per day, the relative odds were 3.5 (1.5–8.4) for all types of synostosis. No strong or significant association was noted for drinking. Maternal prenatal smoking may increase the risk craniosynostosis in this population. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

10.1002/tera.1420500103

Cite

Citations (69)

Pediatric uroradiology – 1997

World Journal of Urology (1998)

Sandra K. Fernbach

Cystourethrography

Gold standard (test)

Nephrology

10.1007/s003450050025

Cite

Citations (3)