Abstract: Detailed micturitional histories and urodynamic studies were conducted to investigate the micturitional disturbance in multiple system atrophy (MSA). Eighty‐six patients with MSA comprised of 14 with striatonigral degeneration (SND), 42 with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) and 30 with Shy‐Drager syndrome (SDS). The results were as follows. Micturitional symptoms were noted in over 90% of patients with each type of MSA. Dominant symptoms were irritative ones in SND and OPCA, and a combination of irritative and obstructive ones in SDS. Micturitional symptoms in SDS appeared earlier than those in SND or OPCA. The degree of micturitional disturbance was severer in SDS than in SND or OPCA. Micturitional disturbance tended to become worse as the disease progressed. The responsible sites of lesions of micturitional disturbance seemed to be supra‐ as well as infranuclear lesions of the pelvic and pudendal nerves in MSA. Infranuclear lesions were more prominent in SDS than in SND or OPCA. Follow‐up studies of some of the patients with SDS and OPCA suggested that the responsible sites of pelvic nerve lesions changed from supra‐ to infranuclear lesions during the course of disease.
Detailed micturitional histories and urodynamic studies were performed in five patients with radiation myelopathy. All patients had micturitional symptoms that were irritative in five and obstructive in four, and four had urinary incontinence. Urodynamic studies showed that three patients had residual urine of 158 ml on average. Cystometry showed that four patients had detrusor hyperreflexia and one had low compliance cystometrogram. External sphincter electromyography showed that four patients had detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. These results indicated that micturitional disturbance seemed to be common and severe in storage as well as evacuation function. The main responsible sites of lesions seemed to be supranuclear parasympathetic and somatic nervous systems regulating the lower urinary tract. Two of three patients who underwent combination of steroid pulse therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy experienced improvement of micturitional disturbance and other neurological deficits.
An infraslow wave (ISP), with the cycle of 7-12 sec period, was observed in the plethysmogram on the ear, but was not observed on the finger or forehead. The purpose of this study was to examine whether ISP could be a new physiological indicator of psychic tension or not, by comparing it with the heart rate (HR) and skin potential reflex (SPR). In Exp. I, ISP, HR, and SPR were recorded during paired-associate learning. In Exp. II, those measures were monitered under 3 different levels of motivation: Task-orientation, ego-orientation, and punishment. ISP, HR, and SPR were shown to be reliable physiological indicators of psychic tension. It was suggested that those measures are related to different aspects of psychic tension.
A total of 49 patients complaining of pollakisuria and incontinence; 20 patients with overactive neurogenic bladder and 29 patients with stress incontinence, were treated with clenbuterol, and the effects of the drug were studied. Subjective symptoms were improved markedly in 8 patients (17%), moderately in 14 patients (29%), and slightly in 10 patients (21%). The symptoms were unchanged in 15 patients (31%) and aggravated in 1 patient (2%). In objective observation, the volume at first desire to void (P less than 0.01) and the maximum urethral closure pressure (P less than 0.05) significantly increased. The objective symptoms were improved markedly in 2 patients (5%), moderately in 12 patients (27%), and slightly in 11 patients (25%). The symptoms were unchanged in 15 patients (34%) and aggravated in 4 patients (9%). Overall improvement was graded as marked in 7 patients (15%), moderate in 17 patients (35%), slight in 11 patients (23%), unchanged in 13 patients (27%) and aggravated in none. In neurogenic bladder, the overall improvement was graded as marked in 2 patients (11%), moderate in 4 patients (21%), slight in 4 patients (21%), unchanged in 9 patients (47%) and aggravated in none. In stress incontinence, the overall improvement was graded as marked in 5 patients (17%), moderate in 13 patients (45%), slight in 7 patients (24%), unchanged in 4 patients (14%) and aggravated in none. Side effects were noted in 12 patients (25%) and they were all not serious. Finger tremor was the most common side effect (5 patients).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
