Loayza-Villa Fernanda

Universidad San Francisco de Quito

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C. A. Rocha Caio

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Gabriel Trueba

Universidad San Francisco de Quito

Ruth Ester

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Torres Alejandro

Universidad San Francisco de Quito

A. Gomes Thais

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Aparecida Mouco Maria

Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation

Lixin Zhang

Michigan State University

Cooperative Institutions

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Universidad San Francisco de Quito

Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología

Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública

Public Health England

Northern Arizona University

Central University of Ecuador

Royal Tropical Institute

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Bellarmine University

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Paclobutrazol biodegradation in unsaturated soil in the Semi-Arid Northeast of Brazil

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY (2015)

Loayza-Villa Fernanda A. Gomes Thais C. A. Rocha Caio Aparecida Mouco Maria Ruth Ester

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a plant growth regulator, increasing flowe ring and yield that is widely used in mango cultivation in the semi-arid northeastern Brazil. PBZ remains active in the soil for several years. However, it can severely affect the growth and development of subsequent crops, mainly by reducing vegetative vigor. The aim of this study was to investigate PBZ biodegradation in four samples of soil: P-G (with PBZ application history and with addition of glycerol); NP-G (without PBZ application history and with addition of glycerol); P-NG (with PBZ application history and without addition of glycerol) and NP-NG (without PBZ application history and without addition of glycerol). The biodegradation experiments were carried out in 125 ml flasks containing 10 g soil, at room temperature for 63 days. Mathematical models to analyze the kinetics of degradation of PBZ were applied. PBZ residue was less than 1% in soils with a history, regardless the addition of glycerol. The three models (first-order kinetics, double first-order kinetics and logistic) were well adjusted in these cases (P-G and P-NG). On the other hand, PBZ biodegradation in soil NP-G and NP-NG was 64%, and followed the model of double kinetic. PBZ biodegradation in soil with history was successful, probably because the native microbial had adapted to local environmental conditions. Key words: Paclobutrazol, biodegradation, mathematical models.

Paclobutrazol

10.5897/ajb2014.13876

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Withdraw of prophylactic antimicrobials does not change the pigs’ resistome

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2019)

Loayza-Villa Fernanda Torres Alejandro Lixin Zhang Gabriel Trueba

Abstract The use of antimicrobials in the animal industry has increased the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant commensal bacteria in food products derived from animals, which could be associated with antimicrobial resistance in human pathogens. To reduce the influx of antibiotic resistant bacteria (and genes) to the human microbiota, restrictions on antimicrobials (in food animals) have been implemented in different countries. We investigated the impact of antimicrobial restriction in the frequency of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in pigs. No differences in antimicrobial resistance or antimicrobial resistance genes (richness or abundance) was found when we compared animals fed with and without antibiotics. Fitness costs of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (in the field) seems to be overestimated.

Resistome

10.1101/716597

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