Canadian Broadcasting and Telecommunications: Past Experience, Future Options (Ottawa: Canadian Government Publishing Centre, 1980—free on request, paper) Technology Transfer by Department of Communications: A Study of Eight Innovations, by B. Bhaneja et al. (1980, 47 pp.) Competitive Procedures for Broadcasting— Renewal and Transfers by Robert E. Babe and Philip Slayton (1980, 150 pp.) Communications and the Physically Handicapped by J.R. Lucyk (1979, 48 pp.) Television and the Hearing- Impaired by J.R. Lucyk (1979, 22 pp.) Radio Reading Services for the Blind and Otherwise Print-Handicapped by J.R. LucyV (1980, 32 pp.) Telidon Reports (occasional news letter available from Telidon, Room 2000, Journal Tower South, 300 Slater St., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 008) Culture, Broadcasting, and the Canadian Identity, (A submission to the Cultural Policy Review Committee, March 1981) Broadcast and Be Damned by Alan Thomas (Carleton, Vic: Melbourne University Press; with U.S. distribution by International Scholarly Book Services Inc., Box 555, Forest Grove, Ore 97116 —$24.50) TV News in Brief, by Peter Gerdes, et al. (School of Drama, Yniversity of New South Wales, Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033 —price not given, paper) The Media and Politics in Australia ed. by D. Turbayne (Dept. of Political Science, Yniversity of Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252C, Hobart, 7001—A$5.00, paper) Communications, Technology and Control ed. by Philip Bell and Kathe Boehringer (School of English and Linguistics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113—A$8.00, pepr) Press Coverage of the Television License Renewal Hearings—Melbourne 1979 ed. by Peter White (Media Centre TiFirs, Media Centre, School of Education, La Trobe University, Bundoora Victoria 3083—$4.50, paper) Press Coverage of India's Political Crisis (Ideas Centre, P.O. Box 3930. G.P.O. Sydney 2001—$7.50, paper) Foreign Language Film Exhibitiol and Distribution in Australia by Frank de Chfera (Research and Survey Unit, Australian Film and Television School, P.O. Box 305, North P.yde, NSW 2113—$8.00, paper) Australian Motion Picture Yearbook 1980 ed. by Peter Beilby (Cinema Papers Pty. Ltd. 644 Victoria St., North Melbourne, Victoria 3051— A$25.00) 2MBS-FM Announcer's Manual (Music Broadcasting Society, 78 Chandos St., St. Leonards, NSW 2085—A$10.00) Top Forty Research 1956-77, and 1978-79 by Jim Barnes, Fred Dyer and Hank Facer (Top 40 Research, Shop 6. Merrylands Arcade, Merrylands 2160—A$14.95. for the two plus A$1.00 for postage) John Drakakis, ed. British Radio Drama Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981—$47.50/15.95, with direct British prices not given)
Visual Hallucinations are considered to affect about 20%–40% of patients with Parkinson's disease. They are generally seen as a side effect of this long‐term illness and can severely affect the daily quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to determine the coping patterns or strategies used by patients and establish whether the phenomenology and behaviours used by patients enabled control of the phenomenon. Demographic and clinical variables were recorded, including motor measures, cognitive status, and depressive symptoms. Patient with hallucinations were at a more advance stage of the disease and displayed more depressive symptoms than their non‐hallucinating counterparts. Most patients used more than one constructive coping strategy, the most common were simple behavioural strategies based around motor action or cognitive approaches resulting in visual modification. In addition, humour was a common technique used by the patients to deal with the phenomenon. Emotional responses varied between patients, but it was found that the actual content of the hallucination was not directly associated with whether it caused trouble to the patient, but perceived stress was strongly correlated with the subjective disturbing nature of visual hallucinations (VHs). This study gives insight into the role of cognitive‐behavioural approaches when dealing with VHs and opens up avenues for future studies in helping patient to deal with hallucinations.
Of the nonpathological general population, 0.5% experience one or more visual hallucinations on a regular basis without meeting the criteria for clinical psychosis. We investigated the relationship between a proneness to visual hallucinations in 'normal' individuals and early visual event-related potentials during the perception of faces, Mooney faces and scrambled Mooney faces. Findings indicated that individuals prone to visual hallucinations displayed significantly reduced early event-related potential components (P1, P2, but not N170) over parieto-temporal regions. These findings support previous suggestions that individuals who experience visual hallucinations exhibit abnormal early visual processing resulting from degraded visual input, in this case owing to disruption of low level visual processes.
Emotion, especially anxiety, has been implicated in triggering hallucinations. Sleep behaviour has also been reported to have a modest influence on the judgments that lead to hallucinatory experiences. We report an investigation on the prediction of hallucinatory predisposition which explored emotion and associated processes (stress, personality and sleep behaviour) using a questionnaire survey in a student population (N = 127). Findings indicated significant associations between perceived stress levels and sleep, with stress and being a significant predictor of the hallucinatory experience. In addition there was a predictive relationship between the proneness to hallucinate and schizotypal personality traits, characterised by the subscale of cognitive disorganisation and unusual experiences. Stress and anxiety together with personality may need to be considered in the understanding of hallucinatory experience.
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