We reviewed the problem of Segment IV in using left lobes from living related donors, in 18 left‐lobe transplants performed on pediatric patients who ranged in age from 6.0 to 17.3 yr, and in body weight from 19.8 to 58.0 kg. The separate monitoring of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the liver sinusoid of segments, using a spectrophotometric technique, demonstrated a delay in re‐oxygenation of Segment IV after the portal reflow, and revealed its return to comparable oxygenation with Segments II and III by the re‐arterialization. Hemoglobin content, which was determined by the same technique, occasionally increased in Segment IV during the operation, implying sluggish microcirculation caused by inadequate hepatic venous drainage. These characteristic profiles on tissue oxygenation and hemodynamics in Segment IV should be considered when using left lobes as living related liver grafts.
The relationship between urinary metabolites and DNA damage in the urinary bladder epithelium of male and female rats was tested by alkaline elution assay after an intravesical injection of OPP or its urinary metabolites. 2-Phenyl-1,4-benzoquinone (PBQ) revealed a weak DNA-damaging activity in both sexes at 0.05–0.1%. OPP and phenyl hydroquinone (PHQ) had no effects at the same level. Histopathologically, a single intravesical injection of 0.1% PBQ induced epithelial hyperplasla of the bladder epitheliwn on day 5, but PHQ and OPP did nut induce it. Feeding studies with OPP-Na were also performed to examine the correlation between urinary PBQ levels and DNA damage in bladder epithelium. Slight DNA damage was observed in males given 1.0 and 2.0% OPP-Na in the diet for 3–5 months. The damage was dependent upon the dietary levels of OPP-Na. The amounts of OPP, PHQ and PBQ in urine were well correlated with the dietary levels of OPP-Na for male rats. The amounts of OPP, PHQ and PBQ were greater in male rats than in females given 2.0% OPP-Na diet for 5 months. The urinary pH of males was slightly higher than that of females. Since 0.4% sodIum bicarbonate did not cause DNA damage in the in-situ study, the urinary alkalinity may not affect the initiation steps of urinary carcinogenesis by OPP-Na. The present results indicate that the metabolite PBQ is the reactive species for the initiation steps of bladder tumors induced by OPP-Na and OPP.
Abstract Repeated oral doses of di‐ n ‐butyl phthalate (DBP) to male rats caused a decrease in testicular fructose and glucose and a sloughing of the germ cells on the first day of treatment. On day 2, more severe sloughing was seen and was accompanied by decreases in testicular iron and zinc levels and increases in the level of inositol and cholesterols. The sloughing was followed by atrophy, accompanied by dissociation of the germ cells from the Sertoli cells and reduction of triglycerides, cholesterols and phospholipids containing choline and ethanolamine residues in the testis.
