The existing hardware circuits can only measure a single point temperature in a small range owing to the influence of extremely little output voltage and the poor linear degrees of thermocouple on testing temperature ,and it is difficult to meet the demand of practical use because of its low measurement precision . This system realized accurate measurement of multipoint temperature in a large range using optimization design to overcome the above-mentioned defects,, It uses low maladjustment and high precision operation amplifier ADOP07 to constitute the inphase and shunt-wound difference amplification circuit to carry out non-electric measurement of thermocouple It also uses the CD4051 chip to compose the switch circuit at different time in order to realize the measurement of multi-thermocouple ,and the ICAD538 is used to implement square operation in order to make linear compensation of temperature , finally sends the measurement value to single-chip computer through A/D converter to process data which is controlled by the application of modern fuzzy controlling theory so as to reach the aim of precise measurement and control. The experiments show the system can realize accurate measurement of multipoint temperature in a wide from 20 to 400°C, and the experimental results are satisfying
Abstract Furanosyl analogs of BAU (5-benzylacyclouridine) and BBAU (5-benzyloxybenzylacyclouridine), two potent inhibitors of uridine phosphorylase, were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer chemotherapeutic agents. The analogs included ribosides, 2,2′-anhydro nucleosides, arabinosides and deoxyribosides. The anhydrouridine intermediates were potent inhibitors of uridine phosphorylase and good potentiators of FdUrd activity in human tumor cells in culture.
Assessing the prognosis preoperatively in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains a challenge for urologists. Gross hematuria (GH) and flank pain (FP) are the 2 most common and easily perceived symptoms of UTUC. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prognostic values of GH and FP in patients with UTUC after undergoing radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).This article retrospectively analyzed 179 patients with UTUC who underwent RNU and examined the associations between the FP, GH, and long-term survival. After dividing patients into 4 subgroups (presenting as GH without FP, FP without GH, no FP and GH, FP with GH), we focused on the prognostic values of the 4 subgroups using univariate and multivariate analyses. We then proposed a risk stratification model for UTUC based on the independent prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival (CSS) with external validation (146 additional UTUC patients formed the validation cohort).Patients with FP had worse oncological outcomes than those without FP (P < .05). After dividing the 179 patients into 4 subgroups, the "FP without GH" subgroup suffered the worst oncological outcomes (P < .001). The Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that "FP without GH" (P < .001), tumor multifocality (P = .005), and pathological stage (P = .004) were independent prognostic factors for CSS. Good performance of the risk stratification model was achieved in both the training and external validation cohorts.The presence of "flank pain without gross hematuria" was one of the independent risk factors of CSS and OS besides the pathological stage and tumor multifocality. To our knowledge, this is the first study that adding complaint to risk stratification model in UTUC.
Abstract Amino analogs of BAU (5‐benzylacyclouridine) and BBAU (5‐benzyloxybenzylacyclouridine) and their 2′‐hydroxymethyl derivatives were synthesized for evaluation as inhibitors of uridine phosphorylase and hence potential cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Both aminomethyl analogs were found to be potent inhibitors of this enzyme and good potentiators of the anti‐tumor action of FUdR.
Abstract Hydroxymethyl analogs of 5-benzylacyclouridine (BAU) and 5-benzyloxybenzylacyclouridine (BBAU) were synthesized by the condensation of appropriately blocked 2-(chloromethyl)glycerols with substituted 2, 4-dimethoxypyrimidines. The HM derivatives were found to be potent inhibitors of the enzyme uridine phosphorylase and to potentiate significantly the growth-inhibiting action of FdUrd in cell culture.
Currently, Pb-free is the primary trend of development for solder alloys, and the existing Pb-free solder alloys are still difficult to replace the traditional tin-lead solder alloys. How to further improve the welding properties of Pb-free solder alloys is the issue we currently faced. In this paper, through melt overheating treatment, the influence of liquid-liquid structure change (LLSC) on the structure and properties of SnZn8Bi3 Pb-free solder alloy has been studied. Experimental results show that the LLSC has obvious effects on the solidification process and solidified microstructure of SnZn8Bi3 alloy: bigger solidification undercooling degree in the solidification process, finer and more dispersed solidification structure, and more importantly, the mechanical and welding properties of the solder alloy have also been obviously improved.
The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group [Formula: see text] and the cell dimensions are a = 16.890(3), b = 9.586(2), c = 6.316(1) Å, α = 91.09(1), β = 93.50(1), γ = 93.04(1)°. X-ray intensity data were measured on a diffractometer, and the crystal structure was determined by direct methods. Least-squares refinement, which included all hydrogen atoms, converged at R = 0.056 for 3454 observed reflections. Adjacent six-membered rings are approximately perpendicular to one another. The glycosidic torsion angle [C(6)—N(1)—C(1′)—O(4′)] is 96.2(2)°. In the acyclic moiety, both C—OH bonds are gauche with respect to C(4′)—O(4′). The gauche conformation is also dominant in solution, as determined by high-resolution 1 H nmr spectroscopy. Results of nuclear Overhauser experiments lead to conclusions about the flexibility of the molecule.
Abstract A series of 5′-halogenated formycins, including the chloro-, bromo- and iodo- derivatives, were synthesized. These compounds are competitive inhibitors of 5′-deoxy-5′-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAPase) with Ki values in the range of 10−7 M, making them the most potent inhibitors of MTAPase reported to date. These compounds protect cells from the growth-inhibitory action of 5′-halogenated adenosines, which must be activated by MTAPase. The syntheses of 5′-halogenated formycin B derivatives, which inhibit purine nucleoside phosphorylase, are also described.
In order to investigate the effect of fertilization on soil fungal community of Phyllostachys violascens stand, we characterized the abundance and community structure of soil fungi using the methods of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and real-time quantitative PCR. The experimental treatments included blank control (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), organic manure (M), mixture of chemical fertilizer and organic manure (CFM) and mixture of chemical fertilizer and organic manure plus mulching (CFMM). The results showed that fungal community structure and diversity were markedly affected by different fertilization regimes. In 0-20 cm soil layer, CF and CFMM treatments resulted in a significant reduction of Shannon and evenness indices. Soil fungi under CK, M, CFMM treatments in 0-20 cm soil layer and CK, CF, CFMM treatments in 20-40 cm soil layer formed independent community structures. Soil fungal abundance showed significantly positive correlation with the concentrations of soil total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus and available nitrogen concentrations were the main factors that influenced the variation of fungal community composition. The above findings indicated that 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers had different characteristics in response to different fertilization regimes under P. violascens stand. The soil fungal community in the 0-20 cm layer was mainly affected by soil organic matter, while that in the 20-40 cm layer was sensitive to the input of chemical fertilizer. The effect of fertilization on the diversity of fungal community mainly occurred in the 0-20 cm soil layer.为探明施肥处理对雷竹林土壤真菌群落特征的影响,采用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)和荧光定量PCR技术,分析有机肥(M)、化肥(CF)、化肥配施有机肥(CFM)、化肥配施有机肥加覆盖(CFMM)及不施肥(CK)处理土壤真菌群落结构和数量特征.结果表明:施肥显著影响真菌群落结构与多样性,表层(0～20 cm)土壤中M、CFMM处理与CK,亚表层(20～40 cm)土壤中CF、CFMM处理与CK之间真菌群落结构均存在明显差异;且表层土壤中CF、CFMM处理真菌Shannon指数和均匀度指数显著低于CK.M、CFM处理表层土壤真菌数量显著高于CK.土壤有机质、全氮、铵态氮和速效钾含量显著影响了真菌群落结构的变异;全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮含量与真菌数量均呈显著正相关.表明雷竹林表层和亚表层土壤中真菌群落对施肥处理的响应存在明显差异,表层土壤真菌群落明显受有机质添加的影响,而亚表层则对化肥投入较为敏感;施肥对真菌群落多样性的影响主要集中在表层土壤.
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