We have developed a new eye‐tracking IPS 3D display with a liquid crystal active barrier. A new IPS electrode and active barrier were developed to facilitate 3D wide viewing angle characteristics, low crosstalk and a smooth moving barrier in a 3D eye‐tracking system. The important parameters for the eye‐tracking 3D display are low crosstalk, fast response time of the LC barrier, and wide viewing angle of the image, to show a wide and smooth 3D image. In this paper, a new active barrier electrode, a new liquid crystal material, and a new IPS electrode are introduced for 3D displays using an eye‐tracking system.
Light-modulated scanning tunneling spectroscopy (LM-STS) was applied to evaluating spatial variation of the local generation efficiency in an organic solar cell (OSC) with a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure. The acquired surface morphology and microscopic current-voltage (J-V) characteristics under dark and illuminated conditions allowed us to map not only the potential, i.e. the open-circuit voltage (VOC) but also the short-circuit current (JSC), fill-factor (FF) and internal resistance of the OSC on a scanning tunnel microscopy (STM) surface morphology. Understanding the device level macroscopic J-V characteristics of OSC's from the individual nanoscale J-V characteristics will be the key issue to develop new OSC devices with superior performances.
We have succeeded in the first direct probe of the change in the electronic structures of La@C82 superatoms upon clustering by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). An array of ∼1.3-nm-diameter glycine nanocavities self-assembled on a Cu(111) surface was used as a template. Isolated La@C82 superatoms were stably observed on terraces without diffusion to step edges, which enabled us to observe the change in the electronic structures associated with single, dimer, and clustered La@C82. A cluster with four La@C82 superatoms showed electronic structures similar to those obtained for thin films in previous works.
Abstract Polphylipoprotein (PLP) is a recently developed nanoparticle with high biocompatibility and tumor selectivity, and which has demonstrated unprecedentedly high performance photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic diagnosis. On the basis of these discoveries, PLP is anticipated to have a very high potential for PDT. However, the mechanism by which PLP kills cancer cells effectively has not been sufficiently clarified. To comprehensively understand the PLP-induced PDT processes, we conduct multifaceted experiments using both normal cells and cancer cells originating from the same sources, namely, RGM1, a rat gastric epithelial cell line, and RGK1, a rat gastric mucosa-derived cancer-like mutant. We reveal that PLP enables highly effective cancer treatment through PDT by employing a unique mechanism that utilizes the process of autophagy. The dynamics of PLP-accumulated phagosomes immediately after light irradiation are found to be completely different between normal cells and cancer cells, and it becomes clear that this difference results in the manifestation of the characteristic effect of PDT when using PLP. Since PLP is originally developed as a drug delivery agent, this study also suggests the potential for intracellular drug delivery processes through PLP-induced autophagy.
A bacterial strain, Pseudomonas bohemica strain ins3 was newly isolated as a resistant strain against high concentrations of hinokitiol. This strain was revealed not only to show resistance but also completely remove this compound from its culture broth. In addition, its mechanism was revealed to be independent of conventional aromatic dioxygenases, ie catechol-1,2- or 2,3-dioxygenases.
