The present article studies survival analytic aspects of semiparametric copula dependence models with arbitrary univariate marginals. The underlying survival functions admit a representation via exponent measures which have an interpretation within the context of hazard functions. In particular, correlated frailty survival models are linked to copulas. Additionally, the relation to exponent measures of minumum-infinitely divisible distributions as well as to the L\'evy measure of the L\'evy-Khintchine formula is pointed out. The semiparametric character of the current analyses and the construction of survival times with dependencies of higher order are carried out in detail. Many examples including graphics give multifarious illustrations.
In the multiple testing problem with independent tests, the classical linear step-up procedure controls the false discovery rate (FDR) at level $\pi_{0}\alpha$, where $\pi_{0}$ is the proportion of true null hypotheses and $\alpha$ is the target FDR level. Adaptive procedures can improve power by incorporating estimates of $\pi_{0}$, which typically rely on a tuning parameter. Fixed adaptive procedures set their tuning parameters before seeing the data and can be shown to control the FDR in finite samples. We develop theoretical results for dynamic adaptive procedures whose tuning parameters are determined by the data. We show that, if the tuning parameter is chosen according to a stopping time rule, the corresponding dynamic adaptive procedure controls the FDR in finite samples. Examples include the recently proposed right-boundary procedure and the widely used lowest-slope procedure, among others. Simulation results show that the right-boundary procedure is more powerful than other dynamic adaptive procedures under independence and mild dependence conditions. The right-boundary procedure is implemented in the Bioconductor R package calm.
The present paper introduces new adaptive multiple tests which rely on the estimation of the number of true null hypotheses and which control the false discovery rate (FDR) at level alpha for finite sample size. We derive exact formulas for the FDR for a large class of adaptive multiple tests which apply to a new class of testing procedures. In the following, generalized Storey estimators and weighted versions are introduced and it turns out that the corresponding adaptive step up and step down tests control the FDR. The present results also include particular dynamic adaptive step wise tests which use a data dependent weighting of the new generalized Storey estimators. In addition, a converse of the Benjamini Hochberg (1995) theorem is given. The Benjamini Hochberg (1995) test is the only "distribution free" step up test with FDR independent of the distribution of the p-values of false null hypotheses.
In the present paper we will improve the results concerning the rate of convergence of the error of second kind of the Neyman-Pearson test if the Kullback-Leibler information $K(P_0,P_1)$ is infinite. It is pointed out that in certain cases the sequence $exp(-q_\infty,n)$ is the correct rate of convergence if $-q_\infty,n$ denotes the logarithm of the critical value of the Neyman-Pearson test of level and sample size n. Therefore we generalize the classical results of Stein, Chernoff, and Rao which deal with the error probability of second kind and state that $q_\infty,n\tilde nK(P_0,P_1)$ if the Kullback-Leibler information is finite. Moreover the relation between $q_\infty,n$ and the local behavior of the Laplace transform of the log-likelihood distribution with respect to the hypothesis is studied. The results can be applied to one-sided test problems for exponential families if the hypothesis consists of a single point. In this case it may happen that $q_\infty,n$ is of the order $n^{1/p}$ for some p, 0
