A high V OC (0.936 V) was obtained in P(TBDPDI-TT)-based all-PSCs. This study demonstrates that the fusing of PDI units to form a large coplanar aromatic system is an effective strategy for improving the V OC of all-PSCs based on PDI acceptor polymers.
Objective:To understand the present epidemic status and distributional characteristics of the chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS) in primary school teachers in Nanchang.Methods:Altogether,934 teachers were selected from 10 primary schools in Nanchang City,and 893 effective questionnaires were returned.The sample consisted of 341 aged below 30 years,333 aged 30-39,135 aged 40-49,and 84 aged 50 or above.The 9 items CFS self-assessment scale was developed,according to the 9 symptoms specified in the revised diagnostic criterion of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1994.Participants were assessed with the CFS self-assessment scale and the self-made questionnaires for demographic information and CFS related factors.Then psychosomatic medicine doctors in affiliated hospital of Nanchang University followed up every suspected patients to make a definite diagnosis.Results:The rate of CFS was 12.9%(95%CI:10.7%~15.1%),and the rates of the 4 age groups were 8.8%,15.0%,14.1%,and 19.0% respectively(χ2=7.37,P0.05).No significant difference was found in the rates between different genders.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that aged 50 or above(OR=2.44),having strained relationship with students' parents(OR=6.36) were risk factors for CFS,and higher satisfaction about working environment(OR=0.64),various recreational activities(OR=0.15),always seeking help from others when experiencing troubles(OR=0.73) were protective factors.Conclusion:It suggests that the detection rate of CFS is quite high among primary school teachers,with a rising trend with the age increasing.It is helpful to improve teachers-students' parents relationships,working environment,recreational activities and trouble releasing for reducing the rate of chronic fatigue syndrome.
A new strategy was developed and applied in monitoring pH response and enzyme activity based on fluorescence emission red shift (FERS) of the conjugated polymer PPP-OR10 induced by the inner filter effect (IFE) of nitrobenzene derivatives. Neutral poly(p-phenylenes) functionalized with oligo(oxyethylene) side chains (PPP-OR10) was designed and synthesized by the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. Nitrobenzene derivatives display different light absorption activities in the acidic or basic form due to adopting different electron-transition types. When environmental pH is higher than their pK(a) values, nitrobenzene derivatives exhibit strong absorbance around 400 nm, which is close to the maximal emission of polymer PPP-OR10. As a result, the maximal emission wavelength of PPP-OR10/nitrobenzene derivatives red shifts with the pH value increasing. Apparently, the IFE plays a very important role in this case. A new method has been designed that takes advantage of this pH-sensitive platform to sensor α-chymotrypsin (ChT) based on the IFE of p-nitroaniline, since the absorption spectrum of p-nitroaniline, the ChT-hydrolyzed product of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine-p-nitroaniline (BTNA), overlaps with the emission spectrum of PPP-OR10. In addition, the present approach can detect α-chymotrypsin with a detection limit of 0.1 μM, which is lower than that of the corresponding absorption spectroscopy method. Furthermore, the pH response and enzyme detections can be carried out in 10% serum, which makes this new FERS-based strategy promising in applications in more complex conditions and a broader field.
BaTiO3 is a ferroelectric sensor in the piezoelectric transforming conditions. In this study, we focused on the electron transport characteristics in the interface between the Pt and the BaTiO3, which enhanced the conductive properties of BaTiO3. This approach will be more helpful to transfer the piezoelectric signal and may offer some new suggestion of the conductive behavior of the BaTiO3 molecular.
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