This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of rumen-protected lysine (RPLys) and rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) on performance of lactating water buffalo.Fifteen healthy water buffaloes in early lactation were selected,and according to species,milk yield,calving time and similar parity,the experimental animals were randomly divided into 5 groups,and 3 lactating water buffaloes for each group,using 5×5 Latin square design with 5 periods (each period lasted for 21 days) and 5 groups,i.e.control 1 (basal diet 1,crude protein level of concentrate=16%),control 2 (basal diet 2,crude protein level of concentrate=20%),treatment 1 (basal diet 1+RPLys 40 g/d),treatment 2 (basal diet 1+RPMet 15 g/d),and treatment 3 (basal diet 1+RPLys 30 g/d+RPMet 6 g/d).The results showed as follows:1) there was no significant difference in milk yield of lactating water buffalo among all treatments (P0.05),but supplementation of RPLys or RPMet could increase the milk yield of lactating water buffalo to some extent and supplementation of RPLys had better effects than RPMet and RPMet+RPLys supplementation.Compared with control 1 and control 2,the supplementation of RPLys increased the milk yield by 10.0% and 5.9% (P0.05).2) There was no significant difference in dry matter intake of lactating water buffalo among all treatments (P0.05).3) The supplementation of RPLys and RPMet could improve milk protein rate,milk lactose rate,and milk total solid and milk non-fat solid contents of lactating water buffalo.Compared with control 1,the milk protein rate of the treatments with supplementation of RPLys,RPMet and RPLys+RPMet were increased by 29.0% (P0.05),36.8% (P0.05) and 54.3% (P0.05),respectively;and compared with control 2,the milk protein rate of the treatments with supplementation of RPLys,RPMet and RPLys+RPMet were increased by 3.9% (P0.05),10.2% (P0.05) and 24.4% (P0.05),respectively.Therefore,dietary RPLys and RPMet supplementation,to some extent,improve performance and milk quality of lactating water buffalo.
In this paper we formulated and analyzed the eco-epidemiological model under sparse effect.First,the sufficient condition of the local asymptotical stability of the equilibrium was studied with the method of latent root;and then,the global asymptotical stability of two boundary equilibriums is analyzed;At last,the sufficient condition of their stability was obtained.
In this paper, power coverage characteristic and multipath diversity scheme for downlink simulcast distributed antenna system (DAS) are investigated based on a wideband channel measurement at 6 GHz for indoor scenario. With measured path loss (PL), power coverage property is analyzed. Compared with centralized antenna system (CAS), DAS can introduce 5–17 dB PL gain, and achieve a higher coverage ratio. Then, we propose a multipath diversity algorithm to improve the received power through introducing differential delay and phase rotation simultaneously at the transmitter (Tx). Based on the measured data, it has 1.67 dB power gain in line of sight (LOS) case averagely, better than the scheme without transmission control and multipath antenna diversity (MAD) algorithm.
Taking walnut residue as raw material,the transformation of microorganism to walnut residue protein and the effect of polyphenols in wal-nut residue on the liquid-fermentation by Bacillus subtilis were studied using liquid-fermentation method.The results showed that the protein in wal-nut residue can be better decomposed into free amino acids and polypeptides after the fermentation by B.subtilis.Polyphenols in walnut residue have an important influence on liquid-fermentation of walnut residue by B.subtilis.The content of free amino acids and polypeptides in fermentation broth would be increased and the fermentation time would be shortened obviously by the removal of polyphenols.Orthogonal experimental results showed that the optimal extraction technology of polyphenols in walnut residue was as follows: the ethanol concentration 65%,extraction time 1 h,and ex-traction temperature 95℃.
In recent years, xylan-oligosaccharides (XOS) have attracted much interest as an alternative sweetener for formulating an anti-obesity diet. The present study combining the plasma metabolic profile and gut microbiota analyses investigated the anti-obesity activity of XOS and the possible mechanism in mice. Our results showed that the dietary supplementations with 5% and 10% XOS could significantly slow down the body weight gaining and improve glucose intolerance. Lipidomic analyses revealed an alternation in 31 metabolic molecules, in particular the ceramide and diacylglycerol species, in the plasma, which were associated with the XOS supplement. Furthermore, gut microbiota analysis showed that XOS changed the composition of gut microbiota, leading to an increase in the relative population of genus Bifidobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Roseburia. In conclusion, the XOS supplementation could reduce the progression of obesity, improve glucose intolerance, and change the plasma lipid profile and gut microbiota composition.
Eight healthy lactating buffaloes were selected and used in a 4×4 latin square trial with four periods and four treatments. Cysteamine (CS) (10mg /kg·BW), Chromium Picolinate (CrP) (0.8mg CrP /kg concentrate.) and methionine hydroxy analogue (MHA) (35g /d·buffalo) were respectively supplemented to basal diet (the control group) in order to study the effects of CS, CrP and MHA on lactating performance and serum physio-biochemical indices of lactating buffalo. The results showed: (1) compared with control group, CS, CrP and MHA increased milk yield by 3.89%, 6.80% and 5.90%, respectively (P0.05). (2) MHA increased total milk solid by 2.25% (P0.05); CrP and MHA increased milk protein by 1.29% and 1.55% respectively (P0.05); MHA increased milk fat by 8.17% (P0.05); CS and CrP decreased by 4.08% and 3.55% respectively (P0.05). (3) The effects of CS, CrP and MHA on serum physio-biochemical indices were not significant (P0.05); CS, CrP and MHA decreased serum total protein by 2.8%, 11.22% and 0.82% respectively (P0.05); CS and CrP increased serum triglycerides by 16.67% and 11.11% respectively (P0.05); The concentrations of serum inorganic ions (K, Na, Cl, Ca, P) had no significant differences among treatments. (4) The effects of CS, CrP or MHA on alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were not significant (P0.05); The concentration of serum insulin (INS) in MHA group increased by 22.33% (P0.05); prolactin (PRL) and free triiodothyronine (FT 3) increased by 15.38% and 1.61% respectively (P0.05); The effects of CS and CrP on serum PRL, FT 3 or INS were not significant (P0.05).
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