Brigen Manikan

Universitat de Barcelona

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Xavier Serrat

Universitat de Barcelona

Salvador Nogués

Universitat de Barcelona

Ariadna Nadal

Antony Quello

Universitat de Barcelona

Gladys Lino

Universitat de Barcelona

Néstor Pérez‐Méndez

Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture

Alfred Palma‐Guillén

Universitat de Barcelona

Salvador Aljazairi

Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia

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Universitat de Barcelona

Institut de Biologia Evolutiva

Universidad Científica del Sur

Oryzon Genomics (Spain)

Cornell University

Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics

Écologie, Systématique et Évolution

Université Paris-Sud

Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

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Comparative Salt-Stress Responses in Salt-Tolerant (Vikinga) and Salt-Sensitive (Regalona) Quinoa Varieties. Physiological, Anatomical and Biochemical Perspectives

Agronomy (2024)

Xavier Serrat Antony Quello Brigen Manikan Gladys Lino Salvador Nogués

Soil salinization is an important stress factor that limits plant growth and yield. Increased salinization is projected to affect more than 50% of all arable land by 2050. In addition, the growing demand for food, together with the increase in the world population, forces the need to seek salt-tolerant crops. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an Andean crop of high importance, due to its nutritional characteristics and high tolerance to different abiotic stresses. The aim of this work is to determine the physiological, anatomical, and biochemical salt-tolerance mechanisms of a salt-tolerant (Vikinga) and a salt-sensitive (Regalona) quinoa variety. Plants were subjected to salinity stress for 15 days, starting at 100 mM NaCl until progressively reaching 400 mM NaCl. Physiological, anatomical, and biochemical parameters including growth, chlorophyll content, quantum yield of PSII (ϕPSII), gas exchange, stomatal density, size, and lipid peroxidation (via malondialdehyde, MDA) were measured. Results show that chlorophyll content, ϕPSII, and MDA were not significantly reduced under saline stress in both varieties. The most stress-affected process was the CO2 net assimilation, with an up to 60% reduction in both varieties, yet Vikinga produced higher dry weight than Regalona due to the number of leaves. The stomatal densities increased under salinity for both varieties, with Regalona the one showing higher values. The averaged stomatal size was also reduced under salinity in both varieties. The capacity of Vikinga to generate higher dry weight is a function of the capacity to generate greater amounts of leaves and roots in any condition. The stomatal control is a key mechanism in quinoa’s salinity tolerance, acquiring higher densities with smaller sizes for efficient management of water loss and carbon assimilation. These findings highlight the potential of Vikinga for cultivation in temperate salinized environments during winter, such as Deltas and lowlands where rice is grown during summer.

10.3390/agronomy14123003

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C and N allocation on wheat under the effects of depleted, current and elevated [CO2] are modulated by water availability

Plant Stress (2024)

Salvador Aljazairi Brigen Manikan Xavier Serrat Salvador Nogués

10.1016/j.stress.2024.100663

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Rice cultivars and non-synthetic phytosanitaries screening for rice blast control in Ebro Delta

Research Square (Research Square) (2024)

Xavier Serrat Brigen Manikan Alfred Palma‐Guillén Néstor Pérez‐Méndez Ariadna Nadal

Abstract Rice blast (Magnaporthe grisea (Herbert) Barr, anamorph Pyricularia grisea Sacc.) represents one of the worst rice diseases. The application of synthetic fungicides is the main method for blast control, yet not allowed for organic rice farming. As an alternative, non-synthetic sulphur and silica-based commercial fungicides might effectively control rice blast in organic farming without contributing to adverse effects on rice growth, yet their efficacy evidence on a broad range of japonica rice cultivars is still scarce. The objective of this study is to screen blast resistance in six temperate japonica rice cultivars while assessing the efficacy of sulphur and silica-based non-synthetic fungicides on them. A two-years field trial was performed following a completely randomized block design arranged in a single factor with 4 replications. The most blast-sensitive cultivar was Bomba, followed by Argila, Guara, J. Sendra and Montsianell, while V.exp.1 was exceptionally blast tolerant. The only effective non-synthetic fungicide for medium blast sensitivity rice cultivars was sulphur at high doses. In contrast, none of the treatments resulted in blast contol improvement in either the most blast-resistant (V.Exp.1) or the most blast-sensitive (Bomba) cultivars. We conclude that sulphur (Thiopron, 82.5% a.i. L^{− 1}, SC, UPL Iberica) at a 7.5 L·ha^{− 1} dose has potential to help organic farmers control rice blast. Thiopron is registered and commercialized in Spain for rice cultivation.

Rice plant

10.21203/rs.3.rs-4862110/v1

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