ABSTRACT We previously found that tonsillar application of antigen induces a strong antibody response to Streptococcus sobrinus in saliva and blood plasma. Rabbits immunized against S. sobrinus by tonsillar application were highly resistant to experimental dental caries triggered by oral inoculation of living S. sobrinus organisms with sucrose. In the present study, we examined the reaction of S. sobrinus antigens to the antibodies induced by the tonsillar application of S. sobrinus AHT-k in rabbits and compared them to those antibodies induced by intramuscular injection. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using ultrasonic fragments from mutans group streptococci, the saliva and blood plasma selectively reacted to S. sobrinus AHT-k (serotype g) and serologically related streptococci (serotypes a, d, and h) in the sixth week after tonsillar application, whereas the blood plasma in the sixth week after intramuscular injection reacted to the unrelated streptococci (serotypes b, c, e, and f) in addition to the aforementioned streptococci. The antibody reactivity induced after tonsillar application was not lost after treatment of the antigen with heat or proteinase digestion, whereas these treatments resulted in a 70% decrease of the antibody reactivity induced by intramuscular injection. The inhibition by haptenic sugars and the decrease in immunoreactivity by heat treatment and proteinase digestion suggested that 80% of the antibodies induced by tonsillar application reacted to saccharides. These saccharide antigens appeared to be involved in a specific reaction with S. sobrinus -specific streptococci and a selective reaction with serologically related streptococci. These antigens are probably involved in anticaries reactions in experimental dental caries.
More recently, it has been suggested that the residual monomer in cured composite restorative resins may cause an tissue reaction. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a method of measuring the residual monomer eluted into water from cured materials and to investigate the toxic effect of residual monomer upon Hela cells. The toxic effects upon these cells were examined by four residual monomers (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate) eluted into water from cured materials. Among these dimethacrylates, bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate produced the most unfavourable tissue reaction upon the cells.
The body response to the local inoculation of endotoxin from E. coli into the rat gingiva was examined in periodontal tissue, regional lymph nodes, spleen and peripheral blood. The results obtained were as follows : 1) In periodontal tissue, the exudative inflammantion was observed in gingiva of inoculated side. Neutrophils were mainly infiltrated for 48 hours after the antigen inoculation. Lymphocytes and plasma cells began to be observed markedly from 48 hours after the inoculation. The osteocytic osteolysis by degeneration was observed at the top of the alveolar bone of inoculated side. 2) In regional lymph nodes, the antibody product cells began to be produced after 3 hours from inoculation and reached the maximum number at 6 hours. The number of appearance decreased gradually after 6 hours. The amount of antigen examined by fluorescein antibody technique was high from 48 hours to 3 days after antigen inoculation and was especially marked in the surface of small lymphocytes around primary nodule which was formed. After 5 days, the fluorescence was observed in germinal center which was in secondary nodule. In patho-histological figure, it can be consider that the vascula enlargment and edema were caused in the lymphatic field and the lymphatic sinus, because of the infiltration of wandering cells, lymphocytes and plasma cells after 24 hours. 3) In spleen, antibody product cells were fewer than that of the lymph node. The maximum value of antibody product cells was obtained in 5 to 7 days. The amount of antigen determined by fluorescein antibody technique reached the highest value at 7 days. The fluorescene was mainly recognized in cells around the lymph follicle. In patho-histological figure, the increase of primary nodule began to appear after 48 hours and the increase of secondary nodule after 14 days. 4) The serum antibody titer against endotoxin peripheral blood increased gradually to 14 days from 6 hours after inoculation. The antibody titer, however, was 1 : 320.
Fungus infections of the paranasal sinuses were considered as to be rare in occurrence. However, recently such infections seem to have increased with advent of therapy with antibiotics, steroid hormone and anticancerous agents. This report presents a rare case of aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus. A 37-year-old man complained a dull pain of the left maxilla. X-ray and CT examinations revealed a diffuse radiopacity in the left maxillary sinus. Clinical diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis was made and Caldwell-Luc operation was performed. The maxillary sinus was opened with finding of caseous material. Postoperative histopathological examination of this material revealed the presence of aspergillus. Results of follow-up examination up to 8 months postoperative showed no recurrence
An investigation was made on optimal condition for detection of complement 3 (C3) in rat serm by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. By box titration, dilution ranges of anti-rat C3 antibody, goat serum, and enzyme-linked anti-rat C3 antibody was decided. Anti-rat C3 antibody consentrations were 0.1μg/ml, 1.0μg/ml, 10μg/ml and 100μg/ml. Goat serum was diluted at 40, 200, 1000 and 5000 fold. Enzyme-linked anti-rat C3 antibody was diluted at 200, 400, 800 and 1600 fold. Using these diluted solutions optimal conditions were determind. Each well was coated with 100μl of diluted antibody solution (10μg/ml). The well plates were incubated at 37℃ for 15 h. Antibody coated wells were washed with PBS contained Tween 20 three times. Wells were coated with 100μl goat serum (1 : 200). The well plates were incubated at 37℃ for 2 h. Wells were washed with PBS-Tween 20 three times. Each of them was added with 100μl of rat serum that diluted form 1 : 800 to 1 : 200000. The well plates were incubated at 25℃ for 2 h. After that, each well was washed with PBS-Tween 20 three times Each well was added with 100μl of enzyme-linked anti-rat C3 antibody and incubated at 25℃ for 2 h. Wells were washed with PBS-Tween 20 three times, added with 100μl of the substrate solution, incubated for sixty minutes at room temprature and absorbance at 405 nm was measured using EIA-READER (BIO-RAD).
The Raman spectra of several carbohydrates with different configurations and functional groups were studied. The results show that the signals ranging from 1, 000 to 800 cm^<-1> are very powerful to determination of the configurations of the carbohydrates.
