Objectives In this study, we aimed to assess whether outer hair cell function in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) was affected or not. Patients and methods Thirty-two patients (21 males, 11 females; mean age 69.8+/-9.3 years; range 49 to 86 years) with the diagnosis of PES and 23 healthy subjects (12 males, 11 females; mean age 65.3+/-9.1 year; range 51 to 79 years) as control group were included in the study. All of the subjects were evaluated with pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and transient otoacoustic emission tests. Results Sensorineural hearing loss was present in 28 patients with PES and in 13 healthy subjects (p 0.05). Signal to noise ratios for PES and control groups were 5.1+/-4.4 dB and 5.2+/-4.2 dB, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion Our results confirmed the presence of sensorineural hearing loss in PES patients. However, we failed to show a difference in outer hair cell functions of this group. Further postmortem histopathologic studies are needed to delineate the causes of sensorineural hearing loss in patients with PES.
Background Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 increases in nasal polyp tissues. However, the impact of MMP-9 genotypes on the development of nasal polyposis (NP) is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine a potential association of MMP-9 promoter gene polymorphism with the development of NP. Methods A prospective and case–control study was performed on 93 patients with NP and 115 controls without sinonasal disease. Genotypes of MMP-9 (–1562C>T) were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses after polymerase chain reaction. Results The frequency of – 1562CT genotype of MMP-9 was significantly high in NP patients with aspirin-induced asthma (p = 0.014). Distribution of T allele was significantly high in NP patients with aspirin-induced asthma (p = 0.013). MMP-9 genotypes were not associated with gender or the presence of atopy. Conclusion In this study, MMP-9 – 1562CT genotype was associated with susceptibility to NP in aspirin-induced asthmatic patients. Because this report is a population-based study, further research should be performed on larger study subjects to reveal the precise role of MMP-9 promoter gene polymorphism in the development of NP.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the changes that would appear in the inner ear acoustic characteristics of dehydrated and overhydrated rats through distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 24 male Sprague Dawey rats. After otoacoustic examinations of the rats were made under general anesthesia, their blood samples were taken, weights were measured. Then, the rats were divided into three groups as dehydration group, overhydration group and control group. Distortion product otoacoustic emission measurements were repeated after 72 hours, and the results were compared. Results: There were no significant differences in the first measurements between three groups in terms of (p>0.05). Weight and osmolarity values differed significantly in the dehydration and overhydration groups following the fluid intake change (p<0.05), but in the control group (p> 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the SNRs at 4004 Hz, 7998 Hz and 9854 Hz frequencies of the overhydration group (p<0.05). On the other hand, there were no significant changes in the DPOAE SNR dB values of the dehydration and control groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that overhydration in rats may change DPOAE values.
Recent investigations have shown that late preterm infants have increased risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, neurosensory impairment, and emotional, behavior and learning problems. Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) abnormality may partly contribute to these problems. Our aim was to measure VEMP in late preterm infants and to compare the findings between late preterm and term infants. Seventeen late preterm infants (mean gestational age: 35.11 weeks +/- 0.78) postnatal aged 8 weeks and 17 full-term (mean gestational age: 38.05 weeks +/- 0.96) infants postnatal aged 4 weeks underwent cervical (c)VEMP test without sedation. Mean latencies of p13 were calculated in all study subjects. cVEMPs were elicited in all late preterm and term infants. Mean latencies of p13 in late preterm and term infants were 14.53 and 13.34 ms, respectively. Mean latencies of n23 were determined as 23.18 ms and 19.92 ms for late preterm and term infants, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between late preterm and term infants for latency of p13 (p < 0.001) and latency of n23 (p < 0.000). Abnormal VEMP results might be related to a delay in the maturation of the sacculocollic pathways in late preterm infants.
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)-33 is a member of matrix metalloproteinases. This protein takes a role in angiogenesis and airway remodeling in asthma. Because histopathological findings of airway remodeling in asthma and nasal polyposis (NP) are similar, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ADAM-33 expression in NP.Immunohistochemical staining of specimens of 47 patients with NP and 8 patients with concha bullosa was performed to detect the expression of ADAM-33. Paraffin blocks were used to identify the expression of ADAM-33 polyclonal antibodies. Immunostaining of epithelial cells, stroma, mesenchymal cells of vessels, and inflammatory cells were analyzed by using light microscopy.Immunopositivity scores in epithelial cells in NP (median, 2; range, 1-3) were significantly higher than those of controls (median, 1.5; range, 1-2; p < 0.001). ADAM-33 staining was increased in the mesenchymal cells of vessels of nasal polyps (median, 2; range, 1-3) compared with control tissues (median, 1.5; range, 1-2; p = 0.006). Although the staining scores of fibroblasts in nasal polyp specimens were also high (median, 3; range 1-3), there was no statistical significance when compared with controls (median 2; range, 1-3; p = 0.228). ADAM-33 immunostaining was not related with the presence of allergies, asthma, and aspirin intolerance (p > 0.05). Moreover, no relationship was found between increased expression of ADAM-33 and the stages of polyp or computerized tomography scores (p > 0.05).This study suggests that the increased expression of ADAM-33 protein may have a role in the pathogenesis of NP.
Introduction: Our study aims to investigate the differences in pure tone audiometry and tympanograms in terms of gender, disease duration, and right-left ear in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM).
Materials and methods: For our study, a total of 109 patients between the ages of 0-18 who were diagnosed with Type 1 DM between 2016-2017 were identified. Among these, 26 children, 52 ears, aged between 2-18, who applied to the Ear Nose Throat outpatient clinic for different reasons and had anamnesis and examination information, were included. Then, hearing thresholds and middle ear functions were evaluated by looking at pure-tone audiometers and tympanograms. Whether the patients met the study criteria was retrospectively determined by using the patient registration forms filled out by the pediatric endocrinology.
Results: In the measurements made for the right and left ears, the conduction threshold values at a frequency of 4000 and 8000 Hz were found to be statistically significantly higher values in the Type 1 DM patient group for 5 years and longer than the control group with Type 1 DM for less than 5 years (p
