Corynebacterium sp was isolated from the soil by using 3-5 dinitro benzoic acid (DNB) as a sole carbon source. The highest rate of degradation of aniline (AN) or DNB was found in the exponential phase of the growth of the bacterium. After 24 h, about 50% of DNB and 30% of AN were degraded by Corynebacterium sp. At a concentration of 0.5 to 1 g/L of AN or DNB, good growth was obtained and the protocatechuic acid was detected. The optimum concentration of yeast extract was 2 g/l. Catechol 1-2 dioxygenase was induced in the cells grown on a medium containing AN or DNB. A significant activity of this enzyme was detected, which means that ortho cleavage pathway may be present inCorynebacterium sp. Key words: Corynebacterium sp., degradation, dinitrobenzoic acid (DNB), aniline (AN),protocatechuic acid, catechol, catechol 1-2 dioxygenase, Ortho cleavage, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
A new diterpene glucoside (1), named sylviside, was isolated from the aerial parts of Gnaphalium sylvaticum. Its structure was elucidated as 2β,15α,20α-trihydroxy-19,20-dicarboxy-ent-kaur-16-ene 2β-O-(2'-angelate)-β-d-glucopyranoside, on the basis of spectroscopic analysis (1H NMR, 13C NMR, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY), and was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Sylviside (1) displayed weak cytotoxicity against HeLa WT (human epitheloid cervical carcinoma) cells and was also evaluated for its effects on reversing multidrug resistance in HeLa cells overexpressing MDR1.
The role of alcohol in causing or aggravating the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is unclear.For finding a conclusive answer for this valuable question we conducted this review.Only two studies were identified that successfully fulfilled our inclusive criteria.Usual consumption of alcohol reduced the risk compared with less frequent use(odds ratio = 0.57,95%CI:0.37-0.86).Light alcoholic drinking has protective effects against development of ulcerative colitis.But this inverse association disappeared when smoking was included.