Abstract Background Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease. This study’s objective was to estimate the variations in the population of CD4 + CD25 +High FoxP3 + cells (CD4 + regulatory T-lymphocytes; Tregs) in previously untreated children with chronic ITP managed in Assiut University Hospitals, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) in these patients. Methods In this study, we investigated the frequencies of T-lymphocyte subsets in 27 untreated children with chronic ITP. Results Prior to treatment, the percentages of CD4 + CD25 High cells and Tregs were significantly lower in the chronic ITP group compared to the control group ( p = 0.018 and p < 0.0001, respectively). After treatment with HD-DXM, Tregs and platelets were significantly increased in these patients ( p < 0.0001 for both). Conclusions Our results suggest that Tregs are deficient in children with chronic ITP and that HD-DXM immunosuppressive therapy can restore the levels of these cells. Impact CD4 + CD25 High cells and Tregs were significantly lower in children chronic ITP compared to healthy control. HD-DXM treatment led to significantly increased Tregs and platelets in these patients. Our results suggest that Tregs are deficient in children with chronic ITP and that HD-DXM immunosuppressive therapy can restore the levels of these cells.

10.1038/s41390-022-01978-0

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Could the Crosstalk Between Mdscs and Tregs Have a Role in β-thalassemia?

Research Square (Research Square) (2021)

Asmaa M. Zahran Omnia El‐Badawy Eman R. Badawy Marwa Ghazaly Khaled Saad

Abstract Background: Secondary-iron overload, alloimmunization, and increased risk of infections are common complications in β-thalassemia major (BTM) patients. Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an essential role in preventing excessive immune responses. This research aimed to investigate the interaction between Tregs and MDSCs in BTM patients and their relation with disease severity.Methods: This case-control study included 26 patients with BTM and 23 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. All patients were investigated for complete blood picture, serum ferritin, and flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood to detect Tregs, MDSCs, and MDSC subsets.Results: A significant increase was observed in the frequencies of Tregs and MDSCs, particularly MO-MDSCs, in the patients compared with the controls. These cells also showed direct relations with ferritin and TLC and an inverse association with hemoglobin. Furthermore, a positive correlation was seen between Tregs and each of the total MDSCs and MO-MDSCs. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the role Tregs and MDSCs cooperatively plays in the BTM and their importance in suppressing the high activity of the immune system found in those patients due to repeated blood transfusions and antigenic stimulation.

Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cell

10.21203/rs.3.rs-200158/v1

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Circulating Endothelial Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Pediatric Sepsis

Pediatric Emergency Care (2016)

Asmaa M. Zahran Khalid I. Elsayh Ismail Lotfy Mohamad Gamal Mohamad Hassan Madleen Adel A. Abdou

Objectives The aim of the study was to measure the number of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPs) in pediatric patients with sepsis and correlating it with the severity of the disease and its outcome. Methods The study included 19 children with sepsis, 26 with complicated sepsis, and 30 healthy controls. The patients were investigated within 48 hours of pediatric intensive care unit admission together with flow cytometric detection of CECs and CEPs. Results The levels of both CECs and CEPs were significantly higher in patient with sepsis and complicated sepsis than the controls. The levels of CECs were higher in patients with complicated sepsis, whereas the levels of CEPs were lower in patients with complicated sepsis. Comparing the survival and nonsurvival septic patients, the levels of CEPs were significantly higher in the survival than in nonsurvival patients, whereas the levels of CECs were significantly lower in the survival than in nonsurvival patients. Serum albumin was higher in survival than in nonsurvival patients. Conclusions Estimation of CECs and CEPs and their correlation with other parameters such as serum albumen could add important information regarding prognosis in septic pediatric patients.

10.1097/pec.0000000000000727

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Increase in polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T-cells in children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Scientific Reports (2021)

Asmaa M. Zahran Azza Shibl Amal Rayan Mohamed Alaa Eldeen Hassan Mohamed Amira Osman

Abstract Our study aimed to evaluate the levels of MDSCs and Tregs in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), their relation to patients’ clinical and laboratory features, and the impact of these cells on the induction response. This study included 31 pediatric B-ALL patients and 27 healthy controls. All patients were treated according to the protocols of the modified St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital total therapy study XIIIB for ALL. Levels of MDSCs and Tregs were analyzed using flow cytometry. We observed a reduction in the levels of CD4 + T-cells and an increase in both the polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs) and Tregs. The frequencies of PMN-MDSCs and Tregs were directly related to the levels of peripheral and bone marrow blast cells and CD34 + cells. Complete postinduction remission was associated with reduced percentages of PMN-MDSCs and Tregs, with the level of PMN-MDCs in this subpopulation approaching that of healthy controls. PMN-MDSCs and Tregs jointly play a critical role in maintaining an immune-suppressive state suitable for B-ALL tumor progression. Thereby, they could be independent predictors of B-ALL progress, and finely targeting both PMN-MDSCs and Tregs may be a promising approach for the treatment of B-ALL.

Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cell

10.1038/s41598-021-94469-x

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Clinical and genetic assessment of pediatric patients with Gaucher’s disease in Upper Egypt

Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics (2016)

Tahia H. Saleem Mohammed H. Hassan Ahmed El‐Abd Ahmed Ayat A. Sayed Nahed Mohamed

Gaucher's disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that results from pathogenic mutations of GBA gene encoding the enzyme glucocerebrosidase (acid β-glucosidase). Of the approximately 300 mutations associated with GD, 4 accounts for the majority of mutations seen in GD patients: N370S, L444P, 84 GG and IVS2+1. Establishing and providing, clinical and molecular backgrounds of pediatric patients with GD in Upper Egypt. The present study is a cross sectional study, carried out on 26 pediatric patients with GD. They were recruited from the pediatric outpatient clinics and inpatients Pediatric departments of Assiut and Qena University hospitals, Upper Egypt. Clinical evaluation and mutation analysis using commercially available strip assay kit after PCR amplification of the target gene were done for all included GD patients. Consanguinity between patients' parents was present in 73.1% of the included patients. 76.9% of included patients were of type 1 GD, while 23.1% were of type 3 GD and none of our patients was classified as type 2 GD. The main frequent clinical presentations of GD in this study were hepatosplenomegaly (88.5%); pallor (76.9%); abdominal distension (61.5%) and musculoskeletal involvement (37.1%). Neurological abnormalities of type 3 GD included in this study were squint, seizures and delayed mental development. Five different genotypes were detected, homozygous for the mutation L444P, homozygous for the mutation N370S, heterozygous for the mutations N370S and rec Ncil, heterozygous for IVS2 +1 and rec NciI, heterozygous for L444P and IVS2 +1. Non-neuropathic type 1 and type 3 GD were the only clinical types found in the present study. The most common mutant alleles found in this study were L444P and N370S.

Hepatosplenomegaly

Pallor

Outpatient clinic

Compound heterozygosity

Abdominal distension

10.1016/j.ejmhg.2016.08.005

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INCIDENCE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF E. COLI O157:H7 ISOLATED FROM MINCED BEEF, CHICKEN MEATS AND HUMAN STOOLS IN ASSIUT CITY

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal/Maǧallaẗ Asyūṭ al-ṭibiyyaẗ al-baytariyyaẗ (2010)

Sohaila Ali R. HASSANEIN Ashraf Abd-El-Malek Khalid I. Elsayh

Meat and meat products have been implicated in outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in most parts of the world.A total of 75 samples including 25 samples each of frozen chicken breast fillets, frozen chicken legs and minced frozen beef were randomly collected from retail supermarkets in Assiut, Egypt.In addition, 28 stool cultures collected from hospitalized children admitted in Assiut Pediatric University Hospital with history of diarrhea or fever.All were screened for the presence of E. coli especially E. coli O157:H7.E. coli was detected in 7 (28%), 9 (36%), 7 (28%) and 2 (7.14%) of chicken frozen fillet, chicken frozen leg, minced frozen beef and children stool samples, respectively.Two strains of E. coli O157:H7 were isolated one from each of chicken frozen fillet and chicken frozen leg samples, while it could not be detected in any of minced frozen beef or children stool samples.The two isolated strains were tested for antibiotic resistance.They were found to be resistant to seven antimicrobial agents (cephalexin, doxycycline, erythromycin, nalidixic acid, penicillin G, polymyxin B and rifampicin).The public health significance of this pathogen and consumer's safety were discussed.

Food contaminant

10.21608/avmj.2010.173885

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Wheat bran as a natural remedy for COVID-19

Current Trends in Immunology (2020)

Khalid I. Elsayh Omnia El‐Badawy Khaled Saad Asmaa M. Zahran

COVID-19 severity is not only due to the viral infection but also due to the host immune responses.Destructive inflammatory responses are intensely implicated in airway damage.Besides, the massive release of cytokines, including interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by the immune system, results in a cytokine storm with an aggressive fulminant systemic inflammatory response, organ failure, and septic shock.Evidence suggests that the repressed antioxidant defense and overproduction of reactive oxygen species also have a role in COVID-19 pathogenesis.There is an urgent need for control measures against the overwhelming COVID-19 pandemic regarding antiviral and immune-modulating agents.Wheat bran [WB] has copious amounts of fiber, minerals, thiamine, vitamin B6, folate, and several phytochemicals as phenolic compounds.Wheat bran has antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties.Our experience of using wheat bran as adjuvant therapy for acute lower respiratory tract infections showed that it was safe, well-tolerated, had fast and superb treatment responses, and improved the patients' general health.For that reason, we strongly praise using oral wheat bran as adjuvant therapy in COVID-19 cases.

Cytokine Storm

10.31300/ctimm.21.2020.123-128

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Intracranial Hemorrhage in Egyptian Children with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP): Report of 24 Cases in 20 Years

Blood (2019)

Mohsen Saleh Elalfy Mohamed Badr Ahmed Mansour Tamer Hassan Mohamed Meabed

Intracranial haemorrhage

10.1182/blood-2019-122240

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Sellf-Effiicacy of Adollescents wiith Thallassemiia Major

Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal (2020)

Eman Sadek Khalid I. Elsayh Fathia Mohammed Nahed Mohamed Sahar Faheem

Background: Adolescents suffering from chronic disease as thalassemia major are more susceptible for social, psychological, and physical barriers.Those barriers are generally more likely to be overcome if affected adolescents have a high level of self-efficacy.This study Aimed to assess self-efficacy of adolescents with thalassemia major.A descriptive research Design: was used to perform this study.A convenience sampling of (80) adolescents with thalassemia major attending the Thalassemia Center at Assiut University Children Hospital was selected.Data were collected by utilizing Two Tools: Tool (1):-A structured Questionnaire Interview Sheet, Tool (2):-The Self-Efficacy Scale.Results of this study revealed that the majority of the studied adolescents (80.0%) had low selfefficacy levels.The study results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference as regards self-efficacy levels and number of siblings (p= 0.02).Conclusion: The present study emphasized low self-efficacy levels among adolescents with thalassemia major.So the study recommended that health education programs for adolescents with thalassemia major are indicated to increase their knowledge about the disease and how to cope with it.

10.21608/asnj.2020.87263

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Citations (2)