본 연구는 성인 초기 대학생들의 대학생활적응과 우울의 관계에 대해 살펴보고, 그 과정에서 사회연결망의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 구체적으로, 사회연결망의 기존 측정 방식인 크기나 접촉빈도에서 나아가 질적인 의미를 반영한 ‘친밀연결망’과 ‘상의연결망’ 지표를 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 대학생 145명을 대상으로 대학생활적응, 우울 척도를 실시하고, 사회연결망을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 대학생활적응은 우울과 부적인 관계를 나타냈고, 대학생활적응과 우울의 관계에서 지인연결망 크기의 조절효과는 유의하지 않았으나 친밀연결망과 상의 연결망의 조절효과는 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 대학생활에서 부적응을 겪는 학생들에게 친밀감을 느끼고 상의할 수 있는 인적 자원은 우울의 예방적 측면에서 중요한 요인으로 작동하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 연구의 의의 및 제한점을 검토하고 임상적 시사점을 논의하였다.
Background: Clinical infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, imposing a severe economic burden. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram-negative bacterium, had demonstrated a prominent level of acquired antimicrobial resistance to its selective antimicrobials. Currently, there is no updated information about the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Grenada. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa from the clinical isolates of dogs in Grenada. Methods: This retrospective study used the diagnostic reports from January 2015 to December 2022. The diagnostic microbiology laboratory reports of canine patients at the Small Animal Clinic of St. George’s University in Grenada were analyzed to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa. Result: Among the various bacterial clinical isolates, ninety-one clinical samples were positive for P. aeruginosa. The antimicrobial susceptibility test pattern of these isolates revealed susceptibility to gentamicin (95.6 %), ceftazidime (96.7%), imipenem (97.7%) and ciprofloxacin (97.8%). The result of the present retrospective study illustrates that P. aeruginosa isolates from canine patients in Grenada are susceptible to the recommended antimicrobial drugs. However, this study also revealed the recent development of progressive antimicrobial resistance. This mandates the judicious use of antibacterial drugs against bacterial infections in Grenada.
행정조사와 수사는 그 내용의 유사성으로 인하여 행정조사가 헌법 및 형사소송법상의 여러 제한들을 잠탈하려는 목적으로 사용되는 것에 대한 우려가 실무가들을 중심으로 제기되어 왔다. 이에 대하여 현행법은 특정한 행정조사에 대하여 단행법상 영장주의를 직접 규정하는 방식과 행정조사 권한을 가진 행정공무원을 특별사법경찰로 지명하는 방식으로 수사와 행정조사를 병용할 수 있게 하였다. 그러나 특별사법경찰이 행정조사와 수사를 병행할 경우, 당해 공무원의 직무수행이 행정작용인지 사법작용인지를 구분하는 것은 상대방뿐만 아니라 특별사법경찰 스스로도 용이하지 않으며, 이는 결국 조사의 상대방이 헌법 및 형사소송법상 누릴 수 있는 권리를 박탈하는 결과를 초래하기도 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 특별사법경찰의 행정조사와 수사의 경계 사례를 살펴보고, 이와 유사한 사안에서 판례에서 제시된 행정조사와 수사의 구별 기준을 비판적으로 검토함으로써 특별사법경찰의 행정조사와 수사의 구별에 있어 새롭게 고려되어야 할 내용이 무엇인지 제시하고자 한다.
Vitamin D levels are low in patients with schizophrenia. This study examined the association between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome in patients with psychotic disorders. The study enrolled 302 community-dwelling patients with psychotic disorders. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including blood pressure, physical activity, and dietary habit were gathered. Laboratory examinations included vitamin D, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, liver function, and renal function. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as < 20 ng/ml. Clinical characteristics associated with vitamin D insufficiency were identified. Among the 302 participants, 236 patients (78.1%) had a vitamin D insufficiency and 97 (32.1%) had metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome (p = 0.006) and hypertension (p = 0.017). Significant increases in triglycerides and alanine transaminase were observed in the group with a vitamin D insufficiency (p = 0.002 and 0.011, respectively). After adjusting for physical activity and dietary habit scores, vitamin D insufficiency remained significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and hypertension. Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with metabolic syndrome and was particularly associated with high blood pressure, although the nature, direction and implications of this association are unclear.
Using panel estimates from the Program for International Student Assessment dataset, this study examines how education policies work as the quality of institutions improves. The findings suggest that autonomy over budget-related decisions positively affects the overall performance of students as the quality of institutions improves, whereas autonomy over academic decisions has an ambiguous effect. Considering that country-level institutions interact with school autonomy, the performance of low-ranking students is improved by providing schools with enough power to decide on academic course content and textbooks. Meanwhile, providing schools with great autonomy over budget-related decisions benefits high-ranking students.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trends of randomized controlled trials on herbal medicine treatment for atopic dermatitis in China for the last 5 years. We searched for randomized controlled trials with the intervention of herbal medicine for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in the CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from January 2014 to December 2018. For the screening of the paper, we used ‘特应性皮炎’ and ‘异位性皮炎’ which mean atopic dermatitis and search was limited to three areas within Medicine & Public Health: Traditional Chinese Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herbs, Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Western Medicine. Among the 136 searched studies, we selected a total of 34 studies and analyzed a year of publication, subject characteristics, study design and intervention, prescribed herbal medicine and herbs, pattern identification, evaluation criteria, and outcomes. Longmu decoction (龍牡湯) and Polia Sclerotium (茯笭) was the most frequently prescribed medicine and herb. The most commonly used pattern identification was Blood deficiency and Wind-dryness (血虛風燥), and among them, the most frequently prescribed herb is Rehmanniae Radix (生地黃). In most studies using the total effectiveness and SCORAD index as an outcome measure, the herbal medicine treatment group showed statistically better results than the control group. As a result of the safety assessment, the herbal medicine treatment group was reported having significantly fewer side effects compared to the control group. Hence, it was confirmed that the intervention including herbal medicine had a significant effect on atopic dermatitis. This study would be able to provide the basis of clinical research on atopic dermatitis and applied to the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
해조류는 다양한 생리활성을 나타내는 성분들을 함유하고 있어 항산화효과 등 다양한 생리활성 효과를 나타내는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 식용 가능한 28종의 해조류 메탄올추출물 중 보라우무 메탄올추출물이 인간의 대장에서 유래한 암세포인 HT-29 세포의 세포증식을 억제함을 밝혔고, 가장 강한 HT-29 세포 증식 억제 효과를 나타낸 보라우무 메탄올추출물의 대장암세포 증식억제 기전을 밝히고자 하였다. 보라우무 메탄올추출물을 HT-29 세포 배양액에 여러 농도(0~20 ㎍/mL)로 첨가하여 세포를 배양한 경우 보라우무 메탄올추출물 처리 농도가 증가할수록 세포 증식이 현저히 감소하였고, apoptotic cell 수는 현저히 증가하였다. Apoptosis의 주요한 조절인자인 Bcl-2 family 단백질 중 Bcl-2는 보라우무 메탄올추출물에 의해 변화가 없었고 Bax는 고농도에서만 소폭 감소하였다. 반면, t-Bid 단백질 수준은 보라우무 메탄올추출물의 처리에 의해 현저하게 증가하였다. Bcl-2 family protein과 더불어 apoptosis의 조절에 주요한 역할을 하는 caspase 단백질의 경우 보라우무메탄올추출물 처리에 의해 cleaved caspase-8, -9, -7, -3 단백질 수준이 현저히 증가하였고, cleaved PARP 단백질 수준도 현저히 증가하였다. 또한, caspase-8의 활성화를 유도하는 Fas 단백질 수준도 보라우무 메탄올추출물에 의해 현저하게 증가하였다. 이 결과로부터 보라우무 메탄올추출물은 caspase-8의 활성 증가에 의한 미토콘드리아 막 투과성 변화와 caspase-7/-3 활성의 증가를 통해 apoptosis를 유도함으로써 암세포의 증식을 억제한다는 결론을 내릴 수 있다. 본 연구는 보라우무를 항암효과를 지니는 기능성식품이나 항암제로 개발할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하고 있으며 향후 보라우무를 이용한 제품의 개발을 위해서는 유효성분의 동정 및 그 성분의 작용 기전에 대한 면밀한 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social support and self efficacy of the university students majoring in Martial Arts. To accomplish the purpose of the research, university students (N=460) in Kyung-gi, Busan, Choong-chung, Honam areas completed the questionaries. The collected data were analyzed by reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis via Win SAS Ver. 9.2. The results of the study indicated that all the sub-factors of social support such as parent support, coach support and friend support had a significant effect on self efficacy while interpersonal relationship. The volitional control, judgemental, challenge accomplishment efficacy factors of self efficacy was correlated to parent, coach, friend support.
'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cpath id='a' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' d='M-6-25H6m-12 3H6m-12 3H6'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' y='44'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0 17v10'/%3e%3ccircle r='12' fill='%23cd2e3a'/%3e%3cpath fill='%230047a0' d='M0-12A6 6 0 0 0 0 0a6 6 0 0 1 0 12 12 12 0 0 1 0-24z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg transform='rotate(-123.69)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0-23.5v3M0 17v3.5m0 3v3'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)