Calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA) is a rare but life-threatening disorder of arteriolar calcification. It frequently leads to severe ischemia, intense pain, and tissue necrosis with non-healing skin ulcerations. CUA usually occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those on dialysis, and its occurrence is rare in kidney transplant recipients. The treatment of this disorder is not clearly defined, and no randomized prospective trials are available. Treatment has focused on optimizing dialysis treatment, control of bone mineral parameters, wound care, experimental anticalcification therapies—using bisphosphonates, cinacalcet, parathyroidectomy, and hyperbaric oxygen. Such treatments are based on the pathophysiological considerations and evidences from case reports or series. Recently, several cases have reported about the emerging benefits of intravenous sodium thiosulfate (STS) in the treatment of CUA. STS has resulted in rapid pain relief, wound healing, and prevention of death. We report a case of CUA in a 63-year-old Caucasian man with a functioning renal allograft. In this patient, intravenous STS was administered for 8 months, which was the principal therapy, which resulted in complete resolution of the CUA and skin healing.
A pulmonary surfactant-associated protein complex with components of 36, 32 and 28 kDa was isolated from human lung homogenates and reassembled with surfactant lipids prepared as small unilamellar liposomes. The role of divalent cations in the assembly of this recombinant lipoprotein complex was studied by monitoring the changes in turbidity, intrinsic tryptophanyl fluorescence and surface activity. The protein-facilitated lipid aggregation was promoted on addition of 5 to 20 mM Ca2+. Intrinsic fluorescence measurements on SP-A (28-36 kDa) indicated that the tryptophan side chains were in a relatively hydrophobic environment, that the wavelength of maximum fluorescence emission and also the relative fluorescence, were changed upon the binding of lipid. Tryptophanyl fluorescence of the lipoprotein assembly was quenched as indicated by a reduction in the effective Stern-Volmer constant. These results suggest that Ca2+ lipid-protein interactions are involved in the structure and function of extracellular lung surfactant assembly.
Prospective recipients of liver transplant (LT) have a high prevalence rate of coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring revascularization. In patients of Child Turcot Pugh Class B and C performing LT prior to cardiac revascularization on cardiopulmonary bypass leads to a high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Whereas, isolated cardiac surgery prior to LT has perioperative risk of coagulopathy, sepsis, and hepatic decompensation. We present four cases of end stage liver disease who underwent concomitant living donor liver transplant (LDLT) with off pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) in an effort to decrease the morbidity and mortality.
Introduction:The relationship between the appropriateness of the transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and its clinical impact is still a matter of debate.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the degree of adherence to the appropriate use criteria for echocardiography, in a tertiary public hospital in the United Kingdom, as well as the clinical impact of the exam on patient management.Methods: 859 TTE's performed consecutively during January 2014 were reviewed to assess its appropriateness, and were classified as appropriate, uncertain or inappropriate using the 2011 guidelines.Subsequently, patient's files were examined to determine the clinical impact of the TTE which was assigned to one of the following three categories: (1) active change in care, (2) continuation of current care, or (3) no change in care.Patients which files were not available were excluded (259).All classifications were evaluated by two independent cardiologists, with no direct relation to the study.Results: Our sample had a mean age of 63 + 17 years with a gender balance.The majority of the exams were requested at the outpatient (81.4%) clinic, by cardiologists (50.3%) and general practitioners (13.4%).Regarding the main findings, in 7.6% of the studies there were moderate to severe systolic dysfunction; 4.0% showed severe valvular heart disease and 5.1% had significant pulmonary hypertension.Relatively to the appropriateness of the TTE requests, 76.5% were considered appropriate, 7.1% inappropriate and 12.6% uncertain.With respect to the clinical impact of the TTE's, 42.7% of the exams led to an active change in care, 15.6% to a continuation of the care and 11.5% revealed no change in care.Age (b0.90, P=0.05) and outpatient setting (b4.4,P,0.01) were the most important predictors of an active change of care exam.On the contrary, the appropriateness of the TTE's requests (b1.1, P=0.56) and the specialist ordering the exams (b0.81,P=0.26) were not independently associated.Conclusion: Our data showed that almost 8 out of 10 TTE were considered appropriate, and 4 out of 10 exams had an active clinical impact. P537Implementation of proprietary plug-ins in the DICOM-based computerized echo reporting system fuels the use of 3D echo and deformation imaging in the clinical routine of a multivendor laboratory
Summary Plasma samples of fowl were analysed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (pH 90). Evidence was presented for the subdivision of an earlier reported esterase‐1 allele ( Es‐1 A ) into two alleles designated Es‐1 A1 and Es‐1 A2 . Family data were consistent with the hypothesis that the Es‐1 phenotypes were controlled by four codominant, autosomal alleles Es‐1 C , Es‐1 A1 Es‐1 A2 and Es‐1 B ). The White Leghorn samples showed high frequency of Es‐1 A2 (about 0·7) and also had considerable frequency of Es‐1 A2 (0·2) and of Es‐1 B (0·1). The three meat‐type breeds studied (White Plymouth Rock, Rhode Island Red and New Hampshire) showed a very high frequency of Es‐1 B (0·8‐1·0).
Clostridium difficile infection is a rare precipitant of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS). A 46-year-old man presented with watery diarrhoea following an ileocaecal resection. He developed an acute kidney injury with anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, raised lactate dehydrogenase, low haptoglobin, and red cell fragments. Stool sample was positive for C. difficile toxin B. He became dialysis-dependent as his renal function continued to worsen despite treatment with empiric antibiotics and plasma exchange. The ADAMTS13 level was normal consistent with a diagnosis of aHUS. The commencement of eculizumab led to the resolution of haemolysis and stabilisation of haemoglobin and platelets with an improvement in renal function.