Research on effects of anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleoside analogs on male fertility and birth defects is limited and safety of nucleoside analogs in pregnancy is still a concern. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in Guangdong province were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. We collected data including medication type, fertility, and birth defects. Moreover, a survey of the knowledge of antiviral nucleoside analogs safety in fertility of male patients was conducted among physicians nationwide. Semen samples of 30 patients were collected. We screened 1050 HBV-positive male patients. Reasons for not receiving antivirals in 150 patients were "did not meet criteria for antiviral therapy," fertility, and financial. Furthermore, 900 participants received antivirals (85.71%, 900/1050), including 792 patients with children and 15.15% (120/792) took anti-HBV treatment when preparing for pregnancy. Based on whether they received antiviral therapy during conception or not, we divided patients into two groups. In the child-bearing age group, 88.33% (106/120) of patients received telbivudine (LDT), whereas the other group mainly received entecavir (ETV) (87.20%, 586/672). No significant difference occurred in birth defect incidence rates between both groups. Furthermore, 558 physicians completed questionnaires. Reasons that influenced drug selection were "patient's condition," "fertility demand," "financial condition," and "compliance." Telbivudine was the first-choice drug (32.80%, 183/558) while tenofovir (TDF) was the second (2.69%, 15/558). Additionally, 61.47% of physicians considered telbivudine or tenofovir as the first choice for male patients who met antiviral criteria, whereas 19% suggested delayed therapy and follow-up until childbirth. No significant changes occurred in semen volume, concentration, mobility, and percentage before and after administration of anti-HBV nucleoside analogs, which did not affect male fertility and birth defect incidence while the desire for pregnancy influenced drug selection and timing of administration. Further research on the effects of analogs on male fertility and fetal safety is required.
We report a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with Guillian-Barre syndrome (GBS) as the first symptom.A 30-year-old Chinese female with numbness and inductance of lower extremities 2 months previously. The electromyographic and cerebrospinal fluid findings supported inflammatory demyelinating disease, and the renal biopsy findings and rheumatoid-related results considered systemic lupus erythematosus. The patient received treatment with glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide. Two months after the treatment, the patient's limb numbness and weakness disappeared, and the urinary protein was decreased significantly.Our case highlights the importance of the early diagnosis and treatment of SLE. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multifactorial participant autoimmune systemic disease for which the clinical manifestations are complex and diverse. Glucocorticoid and cytotoxic drugs can be used in clinical treatment. If the disease is not diagnosed early, it could also delay treatment. Patients who receive an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may have a better prognosis.Data were collected from the patient's electronic medical records and the hospital laboratory medicine database.
Objective To provide the clinical treatment of the resistance to fungal vaginitis reliable laboratory basis by analyzing fungal vaginitis candida clinical infections and drug susceptibility results. Methods Specimens of 288 cases of vaginal secretions were smear microscopy, which the positive specimens were separated by using ShaShi medium to fungi. Fungal culture identification and drug sensitive test were assayed by ATB Expression automatic identifying apparatus and its matching identification plate. Results Positive fungus 55 cases were detected from 288 cases of vaginal discharge specimens, white candida was given priority among them, a total of 42 strains, accounting for 76.36%, followed by smooth candida strains, 6(10.91%); Itraconazole resistance rates were 46.46%, the best sensitivity to amphotericin B, the resistance rate of 7.27%. Conclusion Fungal vaginitis vaginal secretions in the patients, fungal infection is given priority to with white candida; Fungi to common antifungal drugs except amphotericin B sensitivity is higher for several other drugs have different degrees of resistance.
Abstract Background The relationship between lung function and sarcopenia remains ambiguous. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between lung function and sarcopenia in the older adults, as well as to examine the mediating role of cognitive function in this relationship. Methods The participants were selected from a nationally representative population-based cohort in China. The peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurement was used to evaluate the lung function in older persons. The sarcopenia was diagnosed using the guidelines of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019. The Cox proportional hazard model was utilized to perform primary analyses of the relationship between PEF and sarcopenia. The mediating effect of cognitive function was evaluated using the counterfactual mediation method. Results This cohort study included 4,011 older adults (average age, 66.6 years; 53.3% males). During a follow-up period of 3.86 years, 349 individuals were diagnosed with sarcopenia. After adjusting for potential confounders, each one-standard-deviation increase in PEF was associated with a 28% reduction in the risk of sarcopenia (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63, 0.80). There was a significant mediation of cognition for the association between PEF and incident sarcopenia, and the proportion mediated was 12.2% (95% CI: 4.5%, 23.1%). Conclusions Older adults with impaired lung function are more likely to develop sarcopenia. Nevertheless, cognition can explain only a small portion of this association. Thus, other potential pathways between lung function and sarcopenia must be elucidated.
Objective To investigate the pathogenic profiles of chronic diarrhea patients with AIDS, for the better prevention and treatment. Methods The stool specimens in AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea were analyzed by the smear and dyeing detection method. Detection methods included direct smear for the detection of Giardia lamblia stiles, Grain stain method for fungi and mold, acid fast stain (Ziehl-Neelsen) for Mycobacterium, improved acid fast stain for the detection of Cryptosporidium. Stool isolation culture to identify Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella Typhi, enteroinvasive E.coli and fungi; aerobic culture to identify campylobacter, gold-labeled antibodies method for the detection of C.difficile. Results Total of 159 strains of bacteria were identified, including fungi 45% (114/253) and Cryptosporidium 12.6% (32/253), Mycobacterium 2.4% (6/253), C.difficile 1.58% (4/253), campylobacter 0.8% (2/253), salmonella 0.4% (1/253). Conclusions Fungi, Cryptosporidium, Mycobacterium, C.difficile. are the major pathogens for chronic diarrhea in patients with AIDS. The identification of pathogen could make the prevention and treatment proceeding faster and better.
The rate of caesarean section is increasing year by year,and it also have influences more or less on the health and growth of pregnant and neonatorum.Its main cause is bleeding.So it is very important to decrease the bleeding of patients with operation and genesis of complication by selecting and using reasonable stypticum such as blood coagulant,anti-fibrolysis drugs,materies of local bleeding stopping.This article reviews progresses about this aspects,which will provide reasonable method for clinical therapy in theory and practice.
[Objective]To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on awareness and compliance of hepatitis B patients.[Methods]During January,2010-December,2012,100 patients with hepatitis B were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.Each group had 50 patients.Control group was received routine care and the experimental group was given routine and therapeutic communication care.1 month later,quantitative changes were compared before and after the intervention of patients with hepatitis B virus,the knowledge on treatment of antiviral hepatitis B,the situation of periodically review and the medication compliance.[Results]The awareness in the nursing observation group was 18.78±1.48,which was significantly higher than 12.19±1.71 in the control group(P0.01).After care,the number of patients in the observation group who can medicate on time every day,the amount of medication each time,according to the course of medication,regular reexamination number significantly increased,which were significantly higher than those in the control group(P0.05 or 0.01).[Conclusion]The implementation of therapeutic communication care on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B with drugs can control the chronic hepatitis B recurrence,improve the knowledge of antiviral hepatitis B and comply to medication compliance.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)