mineral and organic N sources (farmyard manure) on maize yield, N uptake and soil fertility was assisted in the field experiment carriedout on silty clay loam soil at new developmental farm of the university of agriculture, Peshawar Pakistanduring 2014. Combined dose of N provided from all sources was applied @150 kg ha-1. There were four replications and 6 treatmentsi.e., (T1) control, (T2) 150 kg N ha-1 from mineral source, (T3) 150 kg ha-1 from FYM, (T4) 25% FYM + 75% mineral N, (T5) 50% FYM + 50% N and (T6) 75% FYM + 25% mineral N. Maize variety (Azam) was sown in RCB design. Data on plant height, grain yield and stover yield were recorded in maize. Samples of grain and stover were analyzed for total N to determine its uptake by the crop. Results indicated that greatest plant height of 221.85 cm, maximum grain yield of 2046.12 kg ha-1 and straw yield of 7004.73kg ha-1 were obtained from treatment where 25% N was applied from farm yard manure and 75% from mineral fertilizer.Agronomic efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were also found higher in the treatmentwhere 25% N were applied from farm yard manure and 75% from mineral fertilizer. Soil total N, organic matter and available P were significantly affected by the organic source and there integration with mineral N source. It was concluded that combination of organic and mineral N sources in ratio 25:75 are the best combination to achieve sustainable yield and soil fertility.
Effects of organic manure (poultry manure) applied alone and integrated with inorganic fertilizer (urea) on yield and yield component, N-uptake and soil fertility in wheatmaize cropping system was evaluated in a field experiment at Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Poultry manure was applied alone and were integrated in different proportions with mineral nitrogenous fertilizer to supply 120 kg.ha -1 N. The organic fertilizers were applied at sowing time and mineral fertilizer was applied in three splits, sowing, tillering and booting stages. The experiment was laid out according to RCBD with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The plot size was 4m x 3.5 m with twelve rows of wheat. Nitrogen was applied at the rate of 120 kg.ha -1 to wheat from organic and Chemical N sources i.e poultry manure (PM) and urea applied alone and in combination recommended rates of P and K at the rate of 75 and 60 kg.ha 1 respectively, were applied in the form of single super phosphate and potassium sulphate as basal application to all treatments at sowing time. The results showed that integrated use in different proportion increased the biological yield, grain yield, grain per spike, 1000-grain weight, and over control. After crop harvest soil was analyzed for total N, organic matter and available P and was found higher in treatments where poultry manure was applied alone and in integration with chemical N. Application of poultry manure proved beneficial and improved yield and improve soil fertility.
Nodulation and BNF (Biological Nitrogen Fixation) capabilities 0f 4 different fodder legumes were studied in a clay loam soil. Treatments include, i) Berseem local without inoculation ii) Berseem local with inoculation iii) Berseem Kabuli without inoculation iv) Berseem Kabuli with inoculation v) Shaftal without inoculation vi) Shaftal with inoculation vii) Lucerne without inoculation viii) Lucerne with inoculation ix) and local check barley. The maximum fresh fodder yield was obtained in treatment where Lucerne with inoculation was sown. Tillers per plant were maximum in Shaftal with inoculation. The maximum nodules per plant and N content were found in Shaftal with out inoculation and Lucerne with artificial inoculation, respectively. It was therefore recommended that inoculation of legumes with starter dose of NP improves the fodder yield and nodulation.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of integrated nitrogen (N) management on soil fertility and crop productivity. Application of N sources in different proportions significantly (P ≤ 0.05) enhanced soil total N, organic matter, grain N uptake, straw N uptake, and grain yield. Maximum grain yield, total soil N (%), and organic matter (%) were recorded from the treatment of poultry manure as compared with other sole N sources. Among integrated application of N sources, 25% poultry manure + 75% mineral N source produced the greatest grain yield. Maximum total soil N and organic matter were observed in the combined application of 75% poultry manure + 25% mineral N. Maximum grain N and straw N uptake was recorded from the treatment applied with farmyard manure as sole N source. However, among integrated application of N sources, 25% poultry manure + 75% mineral N source resulted in the greatest grain N and straw N uptake.
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