The grotto temples, which are a type of stone cultural heritage, have immense historical, cultural, and scientific value. Owing to long-term natural weathering and human activities, grotto temples are highly susceptible to the flaking disease. This disease arises owing to the varying bonding strengths between the inner and outer layers of sandstone. However, owing to the intrinsic constraints imposed by the internal environment of grotto temples, current methods still fail to produce accurate evaluation results in a nondestructive manner. In this study, an active thermal stimulation device was specially designed to identify flaking diseases in grotto temples. Using this device, field tests were performed in Cave 32 of the Northern Grotto Temple in Qingyang. Infrared detection data obtained from field tests revealed that the different air layer thicknesses significantly affect the corresponding thermal behavior. For this purpose, a cooling index (CI) is proposed as a physical indicator to express the air layer thickness. To avoid damaging the structures and to further reveal the functional relationship, a finite element model of the flaking uplift disease was built according to the actual size and measured parameters of the surrounding rock mass. By combining the above methods, the relationship between the CI and air layer thickness was established, where a linear tendency was obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the developed device in reliably quantifying the air layer thickness associated with the disease severity was determined, revealing the broad application prospects of the device in heritage conservation.
AbstractBackground: Hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol are risk factors for stroke recurrence, referred to as the three highs, and their management in patients with cerebral infarction can reduce stroke recurrence and death. This study aimed to investigate the cognition and implementation of the three highs by neurologists in tertiary general hospitals in Southwest China. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used by neurologists to evaluate the cognition and implementation of the three highs. A cross-sectional questionnaire was used to investigate tertiary hospitals in Southwest China. Results: Compared with inpatient work, approximately 1/3 of the doctors could not always completely evaluate the three highs in outpatient work (P<0.001). The longer the doctors worked, the more they emphasized the importance of the three highs to patients and the more completely they evaluated the three highs. Doctors were more able to develop antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic regimens for patients with cerebral infarction according to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk stratification. Conclusions: Although most neurologists involved in inpatient and outpatient work knew the importance of the three highs, approximately 1/3 of the outpatient doctors could not always completely evaluate the three highs. Some doctors failed to develop antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic regimens for patients with cerebral infarction according to ASCVD risk stratification, and professional training of doctors, especially young doctors, should be encouraged.
Existing studies of Chinese diaspora policies have mostly focused on the evolution and content of these policies, which tend to be confined within the realm of domestic politics.Against the backdrop of China's increasing integration into the global economy, as well as its expanding interests abroad, this article goes beyond the existing frameworks in the studies of both domestic Chinese politics and diaspora relations by analyzing China's diaspora policies from the angle of transnational governance.Relying on policy documents, relevant data from institutions involved, and interviews and participatory observation at both central and provincial levels, the article argues that a state-centered approach in which the Chinese overseas are 'coopted' neglects how the engagement with transnational social actors, especially the new migrants, alters existing state structures and how the actions of Chinese overseas are driven by various motives and interests.1
At present, some countries take the trade-protected policy for the sake of protecting laborer's benefit and enhancing enterprise social responsibility, which has formed blue trade barrier. Nowadays, the blue trade barrier has a huge influence on China's export trade. This article analyzes the emergence of the blue trade barrier and its influence on China's exportation, and then provides some corresponding measures.
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