To analyze the health examination results of Guangzhou traffic police officers in 2013, and to investigate their health status and provide a scientific basis for the health management of traffic police officers.The physical examination data of the Guangzhou traffic police officers in 2013 were analyzed. The data were sorted in Excel and analyzed using SPSS software.The results showed that 82.95%of the Guangzhou traffic police officers who underwent physical examination in our hospital in 2013 had diseases or abnormal examination indices. The diseases or abnormal examination indices that ranked among the top three were hyperlipidemia (53.70%), hyperuricemia (46.51%), and overweight/obesity (43.43%). All diseases or abnormal examination indices except thyroid diseases were significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.05). The proportion of diseases or abnormal examination indices varied significantly between different age groups (P < 0.05). Among the 345 female traffic police officers, the prevalence of mammary gland hyperplasia or mammary nodules was the highest, and the prevalence of mammary gland hyperplasia or mammary nodules, cervicitis, and uterine fibroids varied significantly between different age groups (P < 0.05).The health problems in Guangzhou traffic police officers are serious, especially chronic noninfectious diseases. Therefore, both society and individuals should take effective measures in order to deal with this problem. Regular health check-ups are necessary to promote good health for Guangzhou traffic police officers.
To evaluate the association between ambient air pollution and hyperuricemia, we prospectively followed 1748 traffic police officers without hyperuricemia at baseline (2009–2014) from 11 districts in Guangzhou, China. We calculated six-year average PM10, SO2 and NO2 concentrations using data collected from air monitoring stations. The hazard ratios for hyperuricemia per 10 µg/m3 increase in air pollutants were 1.46 (95% CI: 1.28–1.68) for PM10, 1.23 (95% CI: 1.00–1.51) for SO2, and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.26–1.61) for NO2. We also identified changes in the ratio of serum uric acid to serum creatinine concentrations (ua/cre) per 10 µg/m3 increase in air pollutants as 11.54% (95% CI: 8.14%-14.93%) higher for PM10, 5.09% (95% CI: 2.76%-7.42%) higher for SO2, and 5.13% (95% CI: 2.35%-7.92%) higher for NO2, respectively. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution was associated with a higher incidence of hyperuricemia and an increase in ua/cre among traffic police officers.
Objective: To analyze the relationships between the exposure of occupational noise and the occurrence of noise-induced high frequency hearing loss in automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: From June to November 2017, 1579 male workers were selected for exposure to noise hazards in the automobile manufacturing industry in Guangzhou for more than one year (including one year) using the convenient sampling method. According to the hearing test results, 276 people in the high frequency hearing loss group and 1303 in the normal hearing group were surveyed, occupational health tests were conducted, and the noise intensity in the workplace was measured. The cumulative noise exposure (CNE) was calculated. The relationship between shift work and high frequency hearing loss of noise work is analyzed. Results: Compared with the normal hearing group, the noise exposure intensity, age, length of service, marital status, working system, and physical exercise of the high frequency hearing loss group were statistically significant (P<0.05). Through logistic regression analysis, after correcting the effects of organic solvent contact, marital status, and physical exercise, CNE, age, and shift operations (double-shift operations, three-shift operations) are the risk factors for high frequency hearing loss to occur. Conclusion: The risk of hearing loss of workers exposed to noise in the whole vehicle manufacturing industry may be related to CNE, age, and shift work. Two-shift and three-shift work are possible risk factors for noise-induced high frequency hearing loss.目的： 探讨汽车整车制造企业男性工人噪声性高频听力损失的影响因素。 方法： 2017年6至11月，采用方便抽样方法，选择广州市汽车整车制造企业从事机械制造加工作业≥1年的接触噪声危害的1 579名男性工人为研究对象。根据听力检查结果分为高频听力损失组276人和听力正常组1 303人，对其进行问卷调查、职业健康检查，测量其工作场所噪声强度，计算累积噪声暴露量（CNE），分析汽车整车制造企业工人噪声作业高频听力损失的影响因素。 结果： 与听力正常组比较，高频听力损失组工人的噪声暴露强度、年龄、接噪工龄、婚姻状况、上班工作制、体育锻炼情况差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。通过logistic回归分析，校正有机溶剂接触、婚姻状况、体育锻炼方面的影响后，CNE、年龄、轮班作业（二班制、三班制）是高频听力损失发生的危险因素（P<0.05）。 结论： 整车制造行业接触噪声工人罹患高频听力损失风险可能与轮班作业存在相关性，两班制和三班制作业可能是噪声性高频听力损失发生的危险因素。.
To investigate the screening methods for identifying the populations susceptible and resistant to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and to provide a reference for future research.Workers who were exposed to 75 ∼ 120 dB noise in enterprises were included in the study. Field investigation of occupational health was conducted; workers' basic information and data on hearing threshold levels were collected. Paired chi-square test was used to compare each two of three screening methods, which were used at home and abroad to identify noise-susceptible and noise-sensitive populations, in terms of noise exposure level, general information, and noise-induced hearing threshold shift.There were no significant differences in the noise exposure level, basic information, and left and right ears' hearing threshold levels of noise-susceptible and noise-sensitive populations between each two of the three screening methods (P > 0.05), according to the paired chi-square test. However, high-frequency hearing threshold had statistically significant difference among the three methods. As a whole, methods B and C were superior to method A.The workers in China are younger than before, with more awareness of self-protection, and individual protection is enhanced in them. Currently, method B is more suitable for screening out the population susceptible to NIHL in China.
To investigate noise hazard and its influence on hearing loss in workers in the automotive component manufacturing industry.Noise level in the workplace of automotive component manufacturing enterprises was measured and hearing examination was performed for workers to analyze the features and exposure levels of noise in each process, as well as the influence on hearing loss in workers.In the manufacturing processes for different products in this industry, the manufacturing processes of automobile hub and suspension and steering systems had the highest degrees of noise hazard, with over-standard rates of 79.8% and 57.1%, respectively. In the different technical processes for automotive component manufacturing, punching and casting had the highest degrees of noise hazard, with over-standard rates of 65.0% and 50%, respectively. The workers engaged in the automotive air conditioning system had the highest rate of abnormal hearing ability (up to 3.1%).In the automotive component manufacturing industry, noise hazard exceeds the standard seriously. Although the rate of abnormal hearing is lower than the average value of the automobile manufacturing industry in China, this rate tends to increase gradually. Enough emphasis should be placed on the noise hazard in this industry.
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