Bacillus sp.WH4 is a manganese-oxidizing bacterium possessing the strong activity to oxidize soluble manganese ion into insoluble manganese dioxide.It would be a promising application candidate for the cleaning of water resources polluted by manganese.To maximize the viable cell of Bacillus sp.WH4 in a fermentation broth,its fermentation medium was optimized using response surface method(RSM).Firstly,four significant factors,soybean meal,KH2PO4,MgSO4 and FeSO4,were screened out by Plackett-Burman(PB) design.Secondly,the maximum response region for the central composite design(CCD) was determined using the method of steepest ascent.Finally,the optimal concentration for each significant factor was determined using CCD and RSM analysis.The optimized fermentation medium contained sucrose 2,soybean meal 0.96,K2HPO4 0.8,KH2PO4 0.19,MgSO4.7H2O 0.11,CaCl2 0.02,NaCl 0.5 and FeSO4.7H2O 0.02(w/%).The results of the fermentation test confirmed that the viable count of Bacillus sp.WH4 in the optimized fermentation medium was 4.2×109 CFU mL-1,which is nearly four times higher than that in the initial fermentation medium.
In our country as the lower frequency of land and shallow water exploration for oil and gas,deep water oil and exploration is playing more important role.Big reservoir body becomes the target of deepwater oil and exploration,because the deepwater oil and exploration has some characteristics,such as greater risks and higher investment.Central canyon,which comes from Yinggehai basin and pass through Qiongdongnan basin and enter into the xisha trough,lies in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan basin and is mainly formed at 10.5 Ma,5.5 Ma and 4.2 Ma.With an area of more than 50 000 km2,central canyon can be a target of deepwater oil and exploration. In the central canyon,levee-overbank sediments are abundant.Deepwater levee-overbank has received considerable attention in the petroleum industry because of having good reservoirs.In order to conduct the prospect for central canyon,this article has analyzed the shape and control factors of levee-overbank deposited in the central canyon by using 3D seismic profile and RMS attribute.After that,the sediment model is summed up and the foreground of prospect is analyzed.The result has shown below:1.levee-overbank sediments in the central canyon developed at least eight times,and have many micro facies such as crevasse splay,overflow splay and levee.In the cross seismic profiles,levee-overbank sediments represent wedge shape with strong amplitude,intermediate frequency and mid-good continuity,and combining with channel has shown gull-wing shape.In the plane,the overall shape of levee-overbank sediments is elongate and trends roughly parallel to the channel.Its area of single sand body could reach 17 km2. 2.In the central canyon,levee-overbank sediments is mainly controlled by province and ancient physiognomy.The grain size whether sand-rich or mud-rich is mainly decided by province.The position is mainly decided by ancient physiognomy.The pond accommodate space is afforded for levee-overbank to be deposited in the area where has fluctuation variation.On the opposite,in the incline area,there is no accommodation and levee-overbank cannot deposit. 3.Levee-overbank sediments which has many deposition time and large single sand body can be ideal stratigraphic traps and it could accumulate oil and if it cooperate with fault or gas chimney.Levee-overbank sediments have well foreground for prospect.
In database-as-service(DAS) paradigm,the untrustedness of service providers brings new challenges of secure data management,including data confidentiality and data integrity.To ensure data security in DAS paradigm,current research can be divided into two classes:Centralized architecture and distributed architecture.Firstly,the major research in centralized architecture is discussed from three aspects:Relational databases,XML databases and text databases.Secondly,a systematic analysis is conducted in distributed architecture.Finally,the future challenges and research fields are pointed.
In order to evaluate the feasibility of combination of different biological agents to control insect pests,the interaction of Meteorus pulchriconis with Spodoptera litura neuclopolyhedrovirus(SINPV) were studied,and the impact of chlorfluazuron,an insect developmental regulator,on Meteorus pulchriconis was also investigated.The results showed that the biological activities and killing speeds of 10~6 PIB/ml SINPV,10~7 PIB/ml SINPV and 10~8 PIB/ml SINPV combined with Meteorus pulchriconis were not significantly different from those of SINPV alone.And there was also no negative effect of SINPV on pupation of Meteorus pulchriconis,except that duration from egg to pupation was shortened when Spodoptera litura larvae were parasitized for ld and then infected by 10~6 PIB/ml SINPV.It was also found that chlorfluazuron only impacted the emergence of Meteorus pulchriconis when they parasitized S.exigua treated with 1.25 mg/L chlorfluazuron.As the para- sitoid was treated with 10 mg/L,20 mg/L and 40 mg/L chlorfluazuron in adult stage,pupation and developmental duration of their offsprings were not affected.The results indicated that Meteorus pulchriconis could be combined with SINPV or chlorfluazuron to control noctuid moths safely.
The effect of Bombus terrestris pollination on greenhouse eggplant was studied in Chongqing in order to effective makes use of bumblebee pollination. Bumblebee pollination was compared with non-bumblebee pollination. The results showed that the fruit-set rate of bumblebee pollination group had increased 46.30% than non-bumblebee pollination group, the fruit-deformity rate had reduced 70%, the weight of fruit had increased 37.45%, the single plant yield had increased 68.28%, the VC content had increased 22.69%, the sugar content had reduced 7.27%. We may reasonably arriveat the conclusion that bumblebee pollination could not only increase the fruit-set rate and the yield but also improve thefruit quality of greenhouse eggplant in Chongqing.
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