【Objective】 To explore visual-spatial sketch Pad function in Chinese developmental dyslexic children.To study the correlation between visual-spatial working memory of subjects and language cognition. 【Methods】 Dyslexic children were chosen according to the International Classification of Diseases-10(ICD-10),and control group was matched for gender,age.All subjects were assessed by written vocabulary skills,phonological processing skills and orthographic skills.Visual matrix span task and Corsi span task were used to measure visual-spatial working memory. 【Results】 The scores of dyslexic children on language cognition were significantly lower on the normal readers(P0.05).The scores of dyslexic children on Visual matrix span task scores and Corsi span task were significantly lower on the normal readers(P0.05).There were significant statistically correlation coefficients between the scores of Visual matrix span task scores and Corsi span task and the scores of written vocabulary skills and orthographic skills.There were no significant statistically correlation coefficients with phonological processing skills(P0.05). 【Conclusions】 Children with developmental dyslexia show deficits in visual-spatial working memory ability.There are significant correlations between visual-spatial working memory and their written vocabulary skills and orthographic skills.
Objective To explore phonological loop function in Chinese developmental dyslexic children.Methods Dyslexic children and control group were matched for gender and age.All subjects were assessed by rhyming paradigm.The articulatory unrehearsal component task and articulatory rehearsal component task were used to phonological loop function measure and their reaction time(RT),error rate(ER) were analyzed.Results The RT and ER of dyslexic children was significantly higher(P0.05)in articulatory rehearsal component task compared to the normal readers.No significant difference on the ER of dyslexic children in the two tasks(P0.05)and the RT of dyslexic children was marginal significantly higher in articulatory rehearsal component task than that in articulatory unrehearsal component task(P0.05).Conclusion Children with developmental dyslexia showed deficits in articulatory rehearsal component of the phonological loop.Some target rehearsal can effectively improve the treatment effects.
Objective To explore the language skill deficits of Chinese children with specific reading disorder (SRD) in phonological progressing, rapid naming and orthographic awareness. Methods According to the diagnostic criteria defined by ICD-10 and CCMD-3, 28 children with SRD were recruited, and 28 normal children with the same age, sex, grade and family condition were chosen as control group. Both groups of children were assessed on language skills tests including onset detection, rhyme detection, phonological short-term memory, rapid naming task and character/noncharacter decision task. Results Children with SRD had significantly lower total scores in phonological awareness subtest (15.50±5.09 vs. 21.82±5.85,P0.01), and their scores in the onset detection, rhyme detection and tone detection subtests were all lower compared with control group children (6.25±2.29 vs. 8.21±1.20, P0.01; 4.18±2.44 vs. 6.75±2.34, P0.01; 5.07±1.98 vs. 6.86±3.43, P0.05). Their phonological short-term memory capacity was significantly smaller than that of controls (5.43±1.14 vs. 6.64±1.13,P0.01).All in all, the children with SRD had poorer phonological skills compared with controls (F=8.844, P0.01). In the two subtests of rapid naming (color and digit naming tasks), the naming time of SRD group were longer than that of control group (42.89±14.54 vs. 29.49±5.65, P0.01; 22.24±6.14 vs. 16.55±4.04, P0.01). The performance of children with SRD in the character/noncharacter decision task were poorer than that of controls (34.86±4.51 vs. 37.11±2.94, P0.05), they got lower scores in discerning three kinds of irregular noncharacters compared with control group children (P0.05). Conclusion Chinese children with SRD have deficits in the phonological skills, rapid naming speed and orthographic awareness.
This study examined the prevalence of addictive Internet use and analyzed the role of parental relationship in affecting this behavior among a random sample of adolescents in Wuhan, China.Students (n = 1,101) were randomly selected from four schools, including 638 boys and 463 girls with a mean age of 13.8 (standard deviation = 1.2) years. Addictive Internet use, parental relationship, hyperactivity-impulsivity were measured by validated instruments. Prevalence rate, ANOVA and multiple linear regression method were used to analyze the level of Internet addiction and its association with parental relationship, hyperactivity-impulsivity, as well as the interaction of parental relationship with chronological age and hyperactivity-impulsivity.The prevalence rate of Internet addiction was 13.5% (16.5% for boys and 9.5% for girls, p<0.01). Compared to non-addictive users, addictive Internet users were scored significantly lower on parental relationships and significantly higher on hyperactivity-impulsivity. Interaction analysis indicated that better parental relationship was associated with more reductions in risk of addictive Internet use for younger students than for older students, and with more risk of Internet addiction among higher than among lower hyperactivity-impulsivity students.Findings of this study indicate that adolescent addictive Internet use is a significant public health threat in China. Prevention interventions targeting parental relationship must consider adolescent's age and hyperactivity-impulsivity tendency.
Objective:To investigate the regional cerebral blood oxygenation changes of left prefrontal lobe during dyslexic children recognizing Chinese characters. Methods:We use functional near-infrared imaging (fNIRI) technique to observe 28 dyslexic elementary school students and 19 healthy students who are not reading-impaired.Results:With fNIRI, significant activations were observed in the left prefrontal cortex of both dyslexic children and non-dyslexic children during primary processing of Chinese characters, and children with dyslexia were evoked more significantly ( P 0.05). During secondary processing, dyslexic children's left prefrontal cortex blood oxygenation were lower than that of the healthy children firstly, and then they increased notably.Conclusions:The evoked model of character cognition was different between these two groups of children. This result suggested the biological basis of the disorder.
Objective:To investigate the psychosocial factors related to Internet Addiction Disorder(IAD) in Chinese college students.Methods:1712 college students aged from 17 to 25 were collected from some universities or colleges in Wuhan City by cluster sampling, they accepted a questionnaire investigation. An unconditional Logistic stepwise regression analysis was employed to analyze the related psychosocial factors.Result:The rate of internet use was 94.5%. The prevalence rate of IAD among college students was 9.9%. No-condition Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that males, the education of mother, anxiety, depression, social phobia and the attraction from internet use were risk factors for internet addiction but self-confident is a protective factor.Conclusion:IAD among college students is not rare, factors such as sex, mental health are associated with IAD.
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