Laura M. Smart

University of Kentucky

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Jessica R. Peters

Brown University

Ruth A. Baer

University of Oxford

Tory A. Eisenlohr‐Moul

University of Illinois Chicago

Paul J. Geiger

RTI International

Gregory T. Smith

University of Kentucky

David J. Schaeffer

University of Georgia

Amos Zeichner

University of Georgia

M. Ross DeWitt

University of Georgia

Colleen A. Sloan

VA Boston Healthcare System

Tracey C. Kniffin

University of Kentucky

Cooperative Institutions

University of Georgia

University of Kentucky

Georgia State University

National Organization for Rare Disorders

RTI International

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

University of Louisville

Committee on Publication Ethics

Kentucky Department of Education

University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

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Dispositional mindfulness and rejection sensitivity: The critical role of nonjudgment

Personality and Individual Differences (2015)

Jessica R. Peters Tory A. Eisenlohr‐Moul Laura M. Smart

Trait

10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.029

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Citations (38)

Dysfunctional Responses to Emotion Mediate the Cross-Sectional Relationship Between Rejection Sensitivity and Borderline Personality Features

Journal of Personality Disorders (2014)

Jessica R. Peters Laura M. Smart Ruth A. Baer

A growing body of evidence has tied borderline personality disorder (BPD) to heightened sensitivity to rejection; however, mechanisms through which rejection sensitivity contributes to BPD features have not been identified. Rejection may lead to the dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies common in BPD, such as impulsive responses to distress, anger rumination, difficulties engaging in goal-oriented behavior, nonacceptance of emotions, and low emotional clarity. The present study used self-report measures and bootstrapping procedures to investigate the role of difficulties in emotional regulation in the relationship between rejection sensitivity and borderline personality features in a cross-sectional sample of 410 undergraduates. Difficulties in emotion regulation accounted for significant variance in the relationships between rejection sensitivity and BPD features, with varying sets of deficits in emotion regulation skills accounting for associations with specific BPD features. Potential clinical implications and the need for replication in longitudinal studies are discussed.

Dysfunctional family

Mentalization

Emotional dysregulation

10.1521/pedi_2014_28_151

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Citations (38)

Neuroticism and resting mean arterial pressure interact to predict pain tolerance in pain-free adults

Personality and Individual Differences (2014)

Ian A. Boggero Laura M. Smart Tracey C. Kniffin Rheeda L. Walker

Pain tolerance

Crossover study

Mean arterial pressure

10.1016/j.paid.2014.05.028

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Citations (7)

Shame and borderline personality features: The potential mediating role of anger and anger rumination.

Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment (2013)

Jessica R. Peters Paul J. Geiger Laura M. Smart Ruth A. Baer

Two prominent emotions in borderline personality disorder (BPD) are shame and anger. Rumination has been demonstrated to occur in response to shame and to escalate anger, and rumination, particularly anger rumination, has been shown to predict BPD symptoms. The present study tested a structural equation model in which shame leads to the features of BPD via increased anger and anger rumination. A sample of 823 undergraduates completed self-report measures of shame, trait-level anger, anger rumination, and BPD features. The hypothesized model of shame to anger and anger rumination to BPD features was largely supported. Bootstrapping was used to establish significant indirect effects from both situational and global forms of shame via anger rumination to BPD features, and from global shame via anger to most BPD features. The alternative hypothesis that anger and anger rumination contribute to BPD features via increased shame was also examined, with no significant indirect effects found. Recognizing this function of anger and anger rumination may be important in understanding the relationship between shame-proneness and BPD features and may have implications for treatment. Further research into determining other ways individuals maladaptively respond to shame, and understanding the functions of anger and anger rumination, is recommended.

Shame

10.1037/per0000022

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Citations (63)

Emotion regulation: Quantitative meta-analysis of functional activation and deactivation

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (2014)

David W. Frank M. Ross DeWitt Matthew E. Hudgens‐Haney David J. Schaeffer B. Hunter Ball

Parahippocampal gyrus

10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.06.010

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Citations (398)

Psychopathic traits and men’s anger response to interpersonal conflict: A pilot study

Personality and Individual Differences (2013)

Dennis E. Reidy Lauren Wilson Colleen A. Sloan Amy M. Cohn Laura M. Smart

Sadness

Association (psychology)

10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.473

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Citations (16)

AngerRuminationasaMediatoroftheRelationshipBetween MindfulnessandAggression:TheUtilityofaMultidimensional MindfulnessModel

Jessica R. Peters Laura M. Smart Tory A. Eisenlohr‐Moul Paul J. Geiger Gregory T. Smith

supports this theory but used measures of general rumination and assessed only the present-centered awareness component of mindfulness. The present study investigated associations between various aspects of mindfulness, anger rumination, and components of aggression. Method: The present study used self-report measures of these constructs in a cross-sectional sample of 823 students. Results: Structural equation modeling revealed that anger rumination accounts for a significant component of the relationship between mindfulness and aggression, with the largest effect sizes demonstrated for the nonjudgment of inner experiences facet of mindfulness. Conclusion: Nonjudgment and present-centered awareness may influence aggression via reduced anger rumination. The importance of examining mindfulness as a multidimensional construct is discussed. C � 2015

Facet (psychology)

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Dispositional mindfulness and rejection sensitivity: The critical role of nonjudgment

Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (2016)

Jessica R. Peters Tory A. Eisenlohr‐Moul Laura M. Smart

10.17615/xmd7-4z70

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Citations (0)

Development and Validation of a Measure of Self-Critical Rumination

Assessment (2015)

Laura M. Smart Jessica R. Peters Ruth A. Baer

Self-criticism is a form of negative self-evaluation that has strong associations with many forms of psychopathology. Rumination is a maladaptive form of repetitive thinking that is associated with many psychological disorders. Although measures of several different types of rumination (e.g., general rumination, depressive rumination, anger rumination) have been developed, none focuses specifically on self-critical rumination. An initial pool of items addressing self-critical rumination was developed by adapting items from existing rumination measures and through a writing task administered to both student and clinical samples. Following an evaluation of content validity, 24 items were administered to a large sample of undergraduates along with measures of related constructs. The final 10-item version of the Self-Critical Rumination Scale showed excellent internal consistency, a clear single-factor structure, convergent relationships with related constructs, and incremental validity over other measures of self-criticism and rumination in predicting both general distress and features of borderline personality disorder.

Self-criticism

Convergent validity

10.1177/1073191115573300

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Citations (100)

Anger Rumination as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Aggression: The Utility of a Multidimensional Mindfulness Model

Journal of Clinical Psychology (2015)

Jessica R. Peters Laura M. Smart Tory A. Eisenlohr‐Moul Paul J. Geiger Gregory T. Smith

Mindfulness training reduces anger and aggression, but the mechanisms of these effects are unclear. Mindfulness may reduce anger expression and hostility via reductions in anger rumination, a process of thinking repetitively about angry episodes that increases anger. Previous research supports this theory but used measures of general rumination and assessed only the present-centered awareness component of mindfulness. The present study investigated associations between various aspects of mindfulness, anger rumination, and components of aggression.

Hostility

10.1002/jclp.22189

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Citations (93)