Kenneth L. Beattie

University of Dundee

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Rogelio Maldonado-Rodrı́guez

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Jane K. Setlow

Brookhaven National Laboratory

Mitchel J. Doktycz

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Mercedes Espinosa-Lara

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Wanda G. Beattie

Houston Advanced Research Center

Greg G. Hillebrand

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

M.E. Boling

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

A.D. Mirzabekov

Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology

A. A. Chernyi

Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology

S L Turner

Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Baylor College of Medicine

Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute

University of Manchester

University of Tennessee at Knoxville

University of Dundee

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Mexican Social Security Institute

Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology

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Misincorporation during DNA synthesis, analyzed by gel electrophoresis

Nucleic Acids Research (1984)

Greg G. Hillebrand A. McCLUSKEY Katherine A. Abbott Galina G. Revich Kenneth L. Beattie

A method has been developed for simultaneous comparison of the propensity of a DNA polymerase to misincorporate at different points on a natural template–primer. In this method elongation of a [5′–12P]primer, annealed to a bacteriophage template strand, is carried out in the presence of only three dNTPs (highly purified by HPLC). Under these corditions the rate of primer elongation (monitored by gel electrophoresis/autoradiography) is limited by the rate of misincorporation at template positions complementary to the missing dNTP. Variations in the rate of elongation (revealed by antoradiographic banding patterns) reflect variations in the propensity for misincorporation at different positions along the template. The effect on primer elongation produced by addition of a chemically modified dNTP to ‘minus’ reactions reveals the mispairing potential of the modified nucleotide during DNA synthesis. By use of this electrophoretic assay of misincorporation we have demonstrated that the fidelity of E. coli DNA polymerase I varies greatly at different positions along a natural template, and that BrdUTP and IodUTP can be incorporated in place of dCTP during chain elongation catalyzed by this enzyme.

Primer (cosmetics)

Elongation

Primer extension

10.1093/nar/12.7.3155

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Citations (40)

Optical melting as a tool for optimizing sequencing by hybridization (SBH) analysis of DNA

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (1995)

Mitchel J. Doktycz K. Bruce Jacobson Kenneth L. Beattie Robert S. Foote

Sequencing by hybridization is a technique that relies on the specific hybridization properties of nucleic acids to derive sequence information. Hybridization properties are highly dependent on the DNA sequence and the solution environment. Identification of the optimal SBH conditions can be obtained by optical melting. By optical melting of 128 octamer pairs that have the appropriate choice of nucleic acid structures, a useful model of stability has been obtained which will aid in the design and implementation of SBH assays.

Histone octamer

Sequencing by hybridization

DNA–DNA hybridization

Sequence (biology)

10.1117/12.206038

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Citations (1)

Fate of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-Less Procyclin and Characterization of Sialylated Non-GPI-Anchored Surface Coat Molecules of Procyclic-Form Trypanosoma brucei

Eukaryotic Cell (2009)

Maria Lucia Sampaio Güther Kenneth L. Beattie Douglas J. Lamont John R. James Alan R. Prescott

ABSTRACT A Trypanosoma brucei TbGPI12 null mutant that is unable to express cell surface procyclins and free glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPI) revealed that these are not the only surface coat molecules of the procyclic life cycle stage. Here, we show that non-GPI-anchored procyclins are N-glycosylated, accumulate in the lysosome, and appear as proteolytic fragments in the medium. We also show, using lectin agglutination and galactose oxidase-NaB 3 H 4 labeling, that the cell surface of the TbGPI12 null parasites contains glycoconjugates that terminate in sialic acid linked to galactose. Following desialylation, a high-apparent-molecular-weight glycoconjugate fraction was purified by ricin affinity chromatography and gel filtration and shown to contain mannose, galactose, N -acetylglucosamine, and fucose. The latter has not been previously reported in T. brucei glycoproteins. A proteomic analysis of this fraction revealed a mixture of polytopic transmembrane proteins, including P-type ATPase and vacuolar proton-translocating pyrophosphatase. Immunolocalization studies showed that both could be labeled on the surfaces of wild-type and TbGPI12 null cells. Neither galactose oxidase-NaB 3 H 4 labeling of the non-GPI-anchored surface glycoconjugates nor immunogold labeling of the P-type ATPase was affected by the presence of procyclins in the wild-type cells, suggesting that the procyclins do not, by themselves, form a macromolecular barrier.

Glycoconjugate

Galactose oxidase

10.1128/ec.00178-09

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Citations (25)

Relationship Between Prophage Induction and Transformation in Haemophilus influenzae

Journal of Bacteriology (1973)

Jane K. Setlow M.E. Boling David P. Allison Kenneth L. Beattie

The interaction between transformation and prophages of HP1 c 1, S2, and a defective phage of Haemophilus influenzae has been investigated by measurement of (i) the effect of prophage on transformation frequency and (ii) the effect of transformation on phage induction. The presence of any of the prophages does not appreciably alter transformation frequencies in various Rec + and Rec − strains. However, exposure of competent lysogens to transforming deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) may induce phage but only in Rec + strains, which are able to integrate transforming DNA into their genome. Transformation of Rec + lysogens with DNA irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light causes the production of even more phage than results from unirradiated DNA, but this indirect UV induction is not as effective as direct induction by UV irradiation of lysogens. Both types of UV induction are influenced by the repair capacity of the host. Wild-type cells contain a prophage and can be induced by transformation to produce a defective phage, which kills a small fraction of the cells. Defective phage in wild-type cells are also induced by H. parainfluenzae DNA, and a much larger fraction of the cells is killed. Strain BC200, which is highly transformable but is not inducible for defective phage, is not killed by H. parainfluenzae DNA, suggesting that wild-type cells are killed by killed by this DNA because of phage induction. A minicell-producing mutant, LB11, has been isolated. Some phage induction occurs in this strain when the cells are made competent, unlike the wild type. A large majority of LB11 cells surviving the competence regime are killed by exposure to transforming DNA.

Prophage

Lysogen

Lysogenic cycle

Temperateness

Phagemid

Ultraviolet light

10.1128/jb.115.1.153-161.1973

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Citations (59)

Identification of a microcystin in benthic cyanobacteria linked to cattle deaths on alpine pastures in Switzerland

European Journal of Phycology (1997)

Konstanze Mez Kenneth L. Beattie Geoffrey A. Codd Kurt Hanselmann B. Hauser

During the last two decades, more than 100 cattle deaths have been reported from 11 alpine sites in south-eastern Switzerland. Pathological findings and the histological examination of their organs strongly indicated acute hepatotoxicosis. Clinical symptoms suggestive of neurotoxicity were also observed in some cases. To elucidate the etiology of these poisonings, different water bodies in one of the affected alpine pastures were investigated for cyanobacterial toxins. The waters were highly oligotrophic, cold and turbid, and the ice-free period was limited to 3–4 months. The algal community in these waters consisted mostly of benthic cyanobacteria forming dense mats on the surface of sediments and on submerged rocks. Oscillatoria limosa and Phormidium konstantinosum (=Oscillatoria tenuis) dominated these populations, but occasionally other species of Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Tychonema and Pseudanabaena also occurred in the mats. Samples from the cyanobacterial mats yielded positive results in a protein phosphatase inhibition assay, reacted with antibodies against microcystins in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were hepatotoxic in a mouse bioassay. The same cyanobacterial material also included neurological effects in mice. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to identify a microcystin, in these cyanobacterial samples as well as in the corresponding lake water. To our knowledge, this is the first documented example of hepatotoxicity associated with benthic cyanobacteria, and the first report of toxic cyanobacteria from the remote, oligotrophic alpine environment.

Oscillatoria

10.1080/09670269710001737029

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Citations (221)

Gene (1987)

Ross S. Anderson Charles B. Lawrence Samuel H. Wilson Kenneth L. Beattie

10.1016/0378-1119(87)90224-1

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Citations (22)

Killing of Haemophilus influenzae Cells by Integrated Ultraviolet-Induced Lesions from Transforming Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Journal of Bacteriology (1969)

Kenneth L. Beattie Jane K. Setlow

Highly competent cultures of Haemophilus influenzae are inactivated by exposure to transforming deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV). As a function of UV dose to the DNA, the killing goes to a maximum and then decreases. The killing of H. influenzae by unirradiated H. parainfluenzae DNA, reported by other workers, is enhanced by low doses of UV, but drops off at high doses. Since there are no such lethal effects in a strain of H. influenzae that takes up DNA normally but does not integrate it, it is concluded that the killing is associated with integrated UV lesions. All the killing of wild-type cells due to irradiated DNA is eliminated by photoreactivation of the DNA. The killing of an excisionless strain of H. influenzae , however, is not eliminated by maximal photoreactivation of the irradiated transforming DNA. The nonphotoreactivable fraction of killing in the excisionless strain increases with increasing dose. The kinetics of the killing-dose curves may be explained only partially in terms of UV-induced loss of integration. It is postulated that the number of pyrimidine dimers relative to other DNA components integrated decreases at higher UV doses.

Photolyase

Pyrimidine dimer

Strain (injury)

10.1128/jb.100.3.1284-1288.1969

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Citations (28)

Influence of divalent metal activator on the specificity of misincorporation during DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase I of Escherichia coli

Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis (1988)

Ming-Derg Lai Kenneth L. Beattie

Divalent

Primer (cosmetics)

10.1016/0027-5107(88)90036-x

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Citations (8)

Repair of Ultraviolet-Irradiated Transforming Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Haemophilus influenzae

Journal of Bacteriology (1970)

Kenneth L. Beattie Jane K. Setlow

Ultraviolet-sensitive and wild-type Haemophilus influenzae cells were exposed to irradiated and unirradiated transforming deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) containing a marker which can be linked to another marker in the cells. Lysates were made after various times of incubation and assayed for transforming activity on an excisionless recipient. Repair can be noted as an increase in activity from the irradiated donor DNA after its linkage to the recipient DNA. No repair can be observed in a mutant which is unable to integrate transforming DNA. There is a little repair in another mutant which is unable to excise pyrimidine dimers. H. influenzae cells also repair nondimer damage, as judged by the increase in activity observed in lysates made with irradiated and maximally photoreactivated DNA.

Pyrimidine dimer

Ultraviolet light

10.1128/jb.101.3.808-812.1970

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Citations (17)

Mutagenic assessment of 1N6-ethenodeoxyadenosine in DNA

Revista latinoamericana de microbiología (1993)

Rayner Rodrı́guez Mercedes Espinosa Lara J.D Quintana Hau Sarai Luna Kenneth L. Beattie

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Citations (1)