我们调查 Si 和 Ge nanowires 的热电的精力变换效率,并且特别地, Si/Ge 核心壳 nanowires 的。我们显示出 Si 核心 nanowire 上的薄 Ge 壳的存在怎么增加优点的全面数字。我们发现 Ge 壳的最佳的厚度为设备提供优点的最大的数字。我们也认为 Ge core/Si 是壳 nanowires,并且证明 Si 壳的最佳的厚度不存在,自从优点的数字是 nanowire 的半径的 monotonically 减少的功能。最后,我们验证联系电子精力差距到最大化设备的效率的最佳的工作温度的实验法律。
State-of-the-art phase noise performance has been demonstrated for both surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator and delay line stabilized oscillators. The same basic feedback-loop oscillator design philosophy was applied in each case in order to achieve these results. This paper reviews the design, fabrication, component selection, and performance for an extremely low-noise SAW resonator hybrid circuit oscillator. Finally, several recent results including the flicker noise of SAW resonator devices and the vibration sensitivity of all quartz package SAW resonators are discussed in the context of potential SAW oscillator performance enhancements
We report the isolation of a cold-adapted bacterium belonging to the genus Janthinobacterium(named AU11), from a water sample collected in Lake Uruguay(King George Island, South Shetlands). AU11(growth between 4℃ and 30℃) produces a single cold-active extracellular protease(Ex PAU11), differentially expressed at low temperature. Ex PAU11 was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-To F MS) as an alkaline metallo-protease(70% coverage with an extracellular protease of Janthinobacterium sp. PI12), and by protease-inhibitor screening identified as a serine-protease. To the best of our knowledge this is the first experimental evidence of a cold-active extracellular protease produced by Janthinobacterium. Furthermore, we identified a serine-protease gene(named JSP8A) showing 60% identity(98% query coverage) to subtilisin peptidases belonging to the S8 family(S8A subfamily) of many cyanobacteria. A phylogenetic analysis of the JSP8 A protease, along with related bacterial protein sequences, confirms that JSP8 A clusters with S8 A subtilisin sequences from different cyanobacteria, and is clearly separated from S8 A bacterial sequences of other phyla(including its own). An analysis of the genomic organization around JSP8 A suggests that this protease gene was acquired in an event that duplicated a racemase gene involved in transforming L- to D-amino acids. Our results suggest that AU11 probably acquired this subtilisin-like protease gene by horizontal gene transfer(HGT) from a cyanobacterium. We discuss the relevance of a bacterial protease-HGT in the Antarctic environment in light of this hypothesis.
Abstract Corrosion on embedded reinforcement is a serious structural failure which its deterioration are rarely concerned. Reinforcing steel are frequently found left unattended on corrosive environment where potential corroding substances might expose surface of rebar resulting in corrosion initiation. This paper reports result of a study conducted to investigate the impact of a rebar corrosion on flexural strength of reinforced concrete beam induced by 10.5% NaCl. Tensile test was conducted in this study to determine the degradation of tensile strength on rebar and was later utilized to analyse the reduction of maximum load bearing capacity on reinforced concrete beam. Both flexural rebar and tensile rebar were corroded using manual basting method which is carried out every day from 08.00 A.M-10 P.M (every 2 hours step). The corrosion area on flexural steel samples is at the maximum flexural strength area (400 mm in the middle of the span) and is later used on flexural testing purposes after casting with concrete, the tensile steel samples which is 600 mm span of rebar is later utilized for tensile testing purposes and is corroded in the middle of the span (185 mm in the middle of the span). Based on test results, it was observed that steel bar suffered significant loss of weights due to corrosion induced by 10.5% NaCl with respect to its corroding duration three and four months are 1.85% and 3.34% reduction of weight from its normal form and its tensile strength degraded, respectively, 6.78 % and 9.86%. Meanwhile, the reinforced concrete beam with corroded steel bars happened to experience degradation of maximum load capacity which are, respectively, 10% and 15% reduction for three and 4 months of corroding duration.