Objective: The objective of the experiment was to assess efficacy of herbal teat dip, Mastidip liquid ( M/S Ayurvet Limited, India ) in reducing incidence of mastitis in healthy animals, sustenance of lactation & in improving milk yield. Method: 30 apparently healthy mastitis free lactating Holstein freisian cows of same lactation and in early lactation were divided into three groups. Group I served as Control animal group, no treatment group. Group II, was treated with an herbal teat dip post milking in 1:1 dilution twice daily and Group III, was treated with herbal teat dip post milking in 1:2 dilution twice daily immediately after milking. Result: Statistical analysis of the results showed significantly lower SCC (x10 3 ) in Group III (155.2±43.7) and in Group II (188.26±35) in comparison to untreated Group I (348.26±68.28). None of the animals in group II showed signs of SCM and CM during the study. The milk yield was significantly improved in Mastidip liquid treated group. Conclusion: Herbal teat dip post milking in 1:1 dilution twice daily immediately after milking for a period of one month was found to be more efficacious in preventing the incidence of both SCM and CM in dairy cows.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Methanolic Extract of Trianthema portulacastrum plant (METP) in atherosclerotic diet induced renal and hepatic changes in rats. Atherosclerotic diet or CCT diet was successfully induces atherosclerosis/hyperlipidemia in rats by elevating the serum lipid levels and also produced glomerulosclerosis / nephropathy and early fatty changes in the liver cells. The treatment with METP extract at doses of 100 & 200 mg/kg, b.w produced a marked reduction in these elevated serum lipid levels and protected against the glomerulosclerosis or fatty changes in the hepatocytes induced by the atherosclerotic diet. The protective role of METP was confirmed by the significant reduction in the elevated serum LDH, AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin and creatinine levels when compared with CCT diet fed control group and also by the histopathological evaluations of glomeruli, renal tubules and liver sections
2 Abstract: Oxidative stress was induced by oral administration 0.4 mg/kg b.wt of arsenic trioxide (As O ,) during 23 embryonic development in experimental mice. The level of liver arsenic concentration, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in adult male Swiss Albino Mice. Hepatotoxicity was assessed by quantifying the aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phophatase (ALP). Hepatoprotective efficacy of curcumin (7.5mg/kg b.wt) was evaluated by combination treatment with As O The theme of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin in 2 3. combating arsenic induced hepatic oxidative stress, histopathological changes and the hepatic arsenic accumulation in mice model. Results revealed that As2O3 administration leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), arsenic accumulation, serum marker enzymes release and decrease in antioxidant enzymes in liver. Retention of arsenic in liver caused increased level of lipid peroxidation with a concomitant decline in the glutathione dependant antioxidant enzymes and antiperoxidative enzymes. Curcumin treatment protected the liver from arsenic induced deterioration of antioxidant levels as well as oxidative stress. And also a significant decrease in hepatic arsenic accumulation and serum marker enzymes was observed. Histopathological examination revealed a protective effect of curcumin to liver tissue. From arsenic-induced toxic effects during embryonic development.
Background: Cardiomyopathy is an anatomic and pathologic diagnosis associated with muscle or electrical dysfunction of the heart. Cardiomyopathies represent a heterogeneous group of diseases that often lead to progressive heart failure with significant morbidity and mortality. Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis resulted in 443,000 deaths in 2013 up from 294,000 in 1990. Objective: The main objective of the present study is to observe the association of cardiomyopathy and genetic markers such as red cell enzymes namely, Esterase D [ESD] and Super oxide dismutase [SOD] and plasma proteins namely, Haptoglobin [HP] and Group specific component [GC] systems. Methods: In the present study, fifty cases presenting cardiomyopathy and fifty cases of age and sex matched healthy controls were included. Red cell enzymes were determined by standard agarose gel electrophoresis. Plasma samples were typed using PAGE electrophoresis. The statistical significance of differences between patients and controls were tested. Analysis of the data was carried out using Epi Info 5 software. Relative risk was calculated by the random-effects method. For odds ratio, confidence interval was calculated. The significance level was 5%. Results: The inter group heterogeneity for ESD and SOD of red cell enzymes and GC system of plasma proteins was found to be a significant value (ESD: χ2 =10.2564; d.f. = 2; 0.01>p>0.001; SOD: χ2 = 11.1120; d.f. = 2; 0.01>p>0.001; GC: χ2 = 15.5044; d.f. = 2; p>0.001), when observed between cardiomyopathy patients and controls. Thus, all the examined groups were deviating from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicating a significant association between cardiomyopathy and these red cell enzymes and plasma protein markers. There was a predominant occurrence of Haptoglobin 2 phenotype in patients when compared to controls. Risk estimates show significant association with both ESD and GC systems with an increased risk of 100% and more, indicating that individuals with ESD (2-2 and 2-1) and GC (2-1) phenotypes are more likely to get the disease when compared with the other phenotypes of the ESD and GC systems. Conclusions: Out of seven genetic markers, four markers (ESD, SOD, HP and GC) are found to be significant i.e. they show some relation with the cardiomyopathy which influences the disease. Furthermore studies on genetic markers, to be attempted in future, would certainly enlighten us to assess the role of these polymorphic systems in different cardiomyopathies.
Introduction: Bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic childhood disease causing significant morbidity and mortality. A novel and suitable biomarker is needed for early diagnosis of BA. Objectives: To establish the association of serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in children with BA and to determine the diagnostic performance of IL-17 in predicting severity of BA. Method: This was a case control study conducted at the Institute of Child Health and Research Centre, Government Rajaji Hospital & Madurai Medical College, Madurai, India from August 2020 to July 2021. Cases were selected according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines and controls were healthy siblings or age and sex matched controls The associations of IL-17 with BA were statistically analysed using Epi info v7 and SPSS 20. Analysis was done using one way ANOVA and t-test. ROC curve was used to find the diagnostic cut-off point. p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of the participants was 8.74±2.21 years; 55.8% were males. Mean IL-17 level was significantly higher among cases (2.5±2.7) as compared to controls (1.31±0.96) (p=0.0043). There was a significant increase in mean IL-17 levels with increase in severity (p=0.00). The area under curve for IL 17 levels in diagnosing severe persistent asthma was 0.870 (95% CI=0.708-1.000). The best diagnostic cut-off point was 3.26pg/ml with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 90%. The best diagnostic cut-off point of IL 17 was 1.12pg/ml in predicting asthma with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 50%. Conclusions: IL 17 level can used as a biomarker for identifying patients with severe persistent asthma.
3 Abstract: Sodium arsenite was orally administered to mice during pregnancy and lactation at a dose level of 0.4 ppm and body weights and organ weights with special focus to reproductive organs in next generation adult male mice were analyzed. The body weight and weight gain of control and experimental pups did not differ significantly. However, the weights of testes, prostate and seminal vesicle decreased in experimental mice when compared with controls. Histology of testes indicated decrease in primary and secondary spermatocytes and spermatids in experimental mice when compared with control. These results indicated that exposure to arsenic during early stages of development suppresses the development of male reproductive organs in adults. Thus, it was conclude that the potential of reproduction is programmed, to some extent, in the early stages of development and hence any toxic insult during embryonic development and lactation suppresses male reproductive potential in adulthood.
Objective: The objective of the experiment was to assess efficacy of herbal teat dip, Mastidip liquid (M/S Ayurvet Limited, India) in reducing incidence of mastitis in healthy animals, sustenance of lactation & in improving milk yield. Method: 30 apparently healthy mastitis free lactating Holstein freisian cows of same lactation and in early lactation were divided into three groups. Group I served as Control animal group, no treatment group. Group II, was treated with an herbal teat dip post milking in 1:1 dilution twice daily and Group III, was treated with herbal teat dip post milking in 1:2 dilution twice daily immediately after milking. Result: Statistical analysis of the results showed significantly lower SCC (x103) in Group III (155.2±43.7) and in Group II (188.26±35) in comparison to untreated Group I (348.26±68.28). None of the animals in group II showed signs of SCM and CM during the study. The milk yield was significantly improved in Mastidip liquid treated group. Conclusion: Herbal teat dip post milking in 1:1 dilution twice daily immediately after milking for a period of one month was found to be more efficacious in preventing the incidence of both SCM and CM in dairy cows.
4 Abstract: The present study aimed to assess the possible interference of sodium arsenite in F1 generation male mice with special reference to steroidogenic marker enzymes. Mice were divided in to two groups. The mice in first were served as control and received normal tap water. Sodium arsenite administered orally to mice in the second group during pregnancy and lactation at a dose level of 0.4 ppm and analyzed for spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in next generation adult male mice. The activity levels of selected steroidogenic marker enzymes (3 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) decreased significantly in mice exposed to sodium arsenite. The circulatory levels of testosterone decreased in experimental mice with significantly increase in follicle stimulating hormone. The decreased levels of testosterone with elevated follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels in mice exposed to arsenic during early stages of development are indicative of intact pituitary-testicular axis. The results indicate that exposure to arsenic during early stages of development suppresses the male reproduction in adults. Thus, we conclude that the potential of reproduction is programmed, to some extent, in the early stages of development and hence any toxic insult during embryonic development and lactation suppresses male reproductive potential in adulthood.
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