Hydrogels, based on natural polymers, are gaining attention as possible cell scaffolding materials for the regeneration of a variety of tissues. In this work, gelatin (Gel) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were used to fabricate novel scaffold materials using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide as a cross-linker. The degradation behaviours of Gel/HA scaffolds in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and PBS solution containing lysozyme were investigated respectively. The biological properties including haemolytic activity and acute systemic toxicity were also studied. The results showed that the scaffold had an interconnected pore structure with an average pore size of about 100–500 μm. The degradation of Gel/HA scaffolds in PBS solution containing lysozyme was faster than that in PBS solution. The haemolytic ratio of 0·340–0·781% indicated that the Gel/HA scaffolds have a good blood compatibility. The acute systemic toxicity test showed that Gel/HA extracts have no acute systemic toxicity.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
AbstractTo evaluate the biological safety of the composite materials based on gelatin (Gel), hyaluronic acid (HA), and nano-bioactive glass (NBG), which has a potential application in tissue engineering, the in-vivo biological properties were investigated by hemolysis behavior, micronucleus, skin irritation and acute toxicity test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology demonstrated that the Gel-HA/NBG composite scaffolds had interconnected pores with mean diameters of 50–500 μm. The hemolysis test suggested that the Gel-HA/NBG composite scaffold, with a hemolysis ratio of 1.11%, showed no obvious hemolysis reaction. The micronucleus frequency of the Gel-HA/NBG was (3.1 ± 0.52) %; this indicated that it shows no genotoxic effect. The skin irritation result showed no systemic signs of toxicity in the integrity skin of the animals. The Gel-HA/NBG scaffolds showed no acute systemic toxicity and the liver, heart, lung, and kidney samples also showed no remarkable change in the morphology. Therefore, Gel-HA/NBG composite scaffold would be a suitable candidate of biomedical materials for tissue engineering.Keywords: Gelatinhyaluronic acidnano-bioactive glasscomposite scaffoldin-vivo biological properties
Gelatin/chitosan (Gel/Cs) microspheres were fabricated through an emulsification-solvent evaporation technique using saturated glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking reagent. The influences of the concentration of the emulsifier, stirring speed, and water/oil ratio on particle size and surface morphology were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the particle size of the microspheres decreased with increasing concentration of the emulsifier; however, the microsphere size did not change when the concentration of the emulsifier exceeded 0.016 g·mL−1. The particle diameter of the microspheres decreased with increasing stirring speed and increased with increasing water/oil ratio. The concentration of an acetone/water solution had an obvious effect on the morphologies of the Gel/Cs microspheres during the course of dehydration; the surface of the microspheres became smooth when dehydrated by an acetone solution with a volume ratio of 3:1.
To evaluate the biological safety of composite materials based on poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and bioactive glass (BG), which have a potential application in tissue engineering, the in-vivo biological properties were investigated by applying the micronucleus test, acute systemic toxicity test, haemolytic test and pyrogen measurement. The results indicated that the PLGA/BG composite showed no genetic toxicity; there was no toxicosis or death observed in the acute systemic toxicity test. The haemolytic test suggested that the PLGA/BG composite, with a haemolytic index of 0.281%, did not have an obvious haemolytic reaction. In addition, the PLGA/BG composite materials showed no pyrogen reaction. Therefore, PLGA/BG composite materials could be promising candidate biomedical materials for bone tissue engineering.
In the present work, a nanocomposite scaffold was prepared on the basis of collagen, hyaluronic acid (HA) and nanobioactive glass (NBAG) by the freeze drying method for the application to tissue engineering scaffold materials. The biological property assays, including von Kossa staining, tetracycline staining, hemolysis, platelet adhesion test, pyrogen tests and acute toxicity test, were performed according to the requirements of ISO 10993 standards to evaluate its performance as applicable tissue engineering. The results indicated that the collagen-HA/NBAG scaffold possessed a homogeneous morphology and interconnected pore structure, with pore sizes ranging from 50 to 500 μm in diameter. Examination of the hemolytic potential showed that the nanocomposite scaffolds were non-hemolytic in nature and showed blood compatibility. The platelet adhesion tests showed that the collagen-HA/NBAG material had an excellent anticoagulation property. The collagen-HA/NBAG scaffolds showed no acute systemic toxicity or pyrogen reaction. The results of von Kossa and tetracycline stainings indicated that the NBAG can promote fibroblastic differentiation and improve the mineral deposition of the collagen/HA. Therefore, the collagen-HA/NBAG composite materials would be a promising candidate of biomedical materials for tissue engineering.
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