Monica Parker

International Potato Center

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Keith W. Waldron

University of East Anglia

Shadrack O. Nyawade

International Potato Center

Elmar Schulte-Geldermann

TH Bingen University of Applied Sciences

Nancy Karanja

University of Nairobi

Elmar Schulte‐Geldermann

TH Bingen University of Applied Sciences

Charles K. K. Gachene

University of Nairobi

Harun I. Gitari

Kenyatta University

Kalpana Sharma

Sharda University

A. C. Smith

Anglia Ruskin University

Jorge Andrade-Piedra

International Potato Center

Cooperative Institutions

Norwich Research Park

Quadram Institute

International Potato Center

BioMarin (United States)

International Potato Center

CGIAR

Emory University

Norwich University

University of Nairobi

Bioversity International

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A re-survey of dairy farming in the far south west of Western Australia.

Monica Parker Henry P. Schapper

Dairy Farming

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Functional properties of five varieties of taro flour, and relationship to creep recovery and sensory characteristics of achu (taro based paste)

Journal of Food Engineering (2007)

Y. N. Njintang Carl Moses Mbofung G. K. Moates Monica Parker F. Craig

Colocasia esculenta

10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.12.023

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Citations (47)

Effect of potato hilling on soil temperature, soil moisture distribution and sediment yield on a sloping terrain

Soil and Tillage Research (2018)

Shadrack O. Nyawade Nancy Karanja Charles K. K. Gachene Elmar Schulte-Geldermann Monica Parker

Infiltration (HVAC)

10.1016/j.still.2018.06.008

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Citations (27)

AN INPUT‐OUTPUT VIEW OF AGRICULTURE IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics (1974)

Monica Parker

Despite the dependence of the economy of Papua New Guinea upon plantation and smallholder agriculture, little has been known of the inter‐relationships which exist between agriculture and the remainder of the economy, or of the changes which would follow from implementation of the official development programme. In this article, a recently completed input‐output table is used to quantify these relationships in 1970 and to project changes over the period to 1978.

New guinea

Table (database)

10.1111/j.1467-8489.1974.tb00126.x

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Citations (2)

Knowledge and Attitudes in Alzheimer’s Disease in a Cohort of Older African Americans and Caucasians

American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® (2015)

J. Christina Howell Oretunlewa Soyinka Monica Parker Thomas Jarrett David L. Roberts

African American participation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research studies has been historically low. To determine whether older African Americans and Caucasians had different knowledge or attitudes related to AD, we administered the Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) to 67 older African Americans and 140 older caucasians in the greater Atlanta area as well as questions targeting locus of control over general health and AD risks. Older African Americans scored slightly lower on ADKS than older caucasians, with race only accounting for 1.57 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-2.61, P < .001) points of difference in a multivariate model. Attitudes toward AD were also similar between the 2 groups but 1 (35.7%) in 3 adults reported control over general health but not AD risks. In addition to enhancing education content in outreach efforts, there is an urgent need to address the perception that future AD risks are beyond one’s own internal control.

Locus of control

Outreach

10.1177/1533317515619037

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Citations (13)

Dance notation for beginners

Dance Books (1984)

Ann Kipling Brown Monica Parker

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Citations (9)

Molecular Diversity and Pathogenicity of Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex Associated With Bacterial Wilt of Potato in Rwanda

Plant Disease (2020)

Kalpana Sharma Jan Kreuze Abdulwahab Abdurahman Monica Parker Anastase Nduwayezu

Bacterial wilt (BW), caused by Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC), leads to substantial potato yield losses in Rwanda. Studies were conducted to (i) determine the molecular diversity of RSSC strains associated with BW of potato, (ii) generate an RSSC distribution map for epidemiological inferences, and (iii) test the pathogenicity of predominant RSSC phylotypes on six commercial potato cultivars. In surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019, tubers from wilting potato plants were collected for pathogen isolation. DNA was extracted from 95 presumptive RSSC strain colonies. The pathogen was phylotyped by multiplex PCR and typed at sequevar level. Phylotype II sequevar 1 strains were then haplotyped using multilocus tandem repeat sequence typing (TRST) schemes. Pathogenicity of one phylotype II strain and two phylotype III strains were tested on cultivars Kinigi, Kirundo, Victoria, Kazeneza, Twihaze, and Cruza. Two RSSC phylotypes were identified, phylotype II (95.79%, n = 91) and phylotype III (4.21%, n = 4). This is the first report of phylotype III strains from Rwanda. Phylotype II strains were identified as sequevar 1 and distributed across potato growing regions in the country. The TRST scheme identified 14 TRST haplotypes within the phylotype II sequevar 1 strains with moderate diversity index (HGDI = 0.55). Mapping of TRST haplotypes revealed that a single TRST ‘8-5-12-7-5’ haplotype plays an important epidemiological role in BW of potato in Rwanda. None of the cultivars had complete resistance to the tested phylotypes; the level of susceptibility varied among cultivars. Cultivar Cruza, which is less susceptible to phylotype II and III strains, is recommended when planting potatoes in the fields with history of BW. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .

Phylotype

Ralstonia solanacearum

Bacterial wilt

Wilting

Multilocus sequence typing

10.1094/pdis-04-20-0851-re

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Global Cropland Connectivity: A Risk Factor for Invasion and Saturation by Emerging Pathogens and Pests

BioScience (2020)

Yanru Xing John Fredy Hernández Nopsa K. F. Andersen Jorge Andrade-Piedra Fenton Beed

The geographic pattern of cropland is an important risk factor for invasion and saturation by crop-specific pathogens and arthropods. Understanding cropland networks supports smart pest sampling and mitigation strategies. We evaluate global networks of cropland connectivity for key vegetatively propagated crops (banana and plantain, cassava, potato, sweet potato, and yam) important for food security in the tropics. For each crop, potential movement between geographic location pairs was evaluated using a gravity model, with associated uncertainty quantification. The highly linked hub and bridge locations in cropland connectivity risk maps are likely priorities for surveillance and management, and for tracing intraregion movement of pathogens and pests. Important locations are identified beyond those locations that simply have high crop density. Cropland connectivity risk maps provide a new risk component for integration with other factors-such as climatic suitability, genetic resistance, and global trade routes-to inform pest risk assessment and mitigation.

Saturation (graph theory)

10.1093/biosci/biaa067

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Citations (38)

Short-term dynamics of soil organic matter fractions and microbial activity in smallholder potato-legume intercropping systems

Applied Soil Ecology (2019)

Shadrack O. Nyawade Nancy Karanja Charles K. K. Gachene Harun I. Gitari Elmar Schulte‐Geldermann

Continuous cultivation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in monoculture systems represents the greatest factor deteriorating soil organic matter (SOM) in smallholder farms. With an aim to breaking this norm, a 2-year field trial intercropping potato with two legumes: lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) and dolichos (Lablab purpureus), was conducted in the upper-midland (1552 meters above sea level (masl.)), lower-highland (1854 masl.) and upper-highland (2552 masl.) agro-ecologies of Kenya. Residues from each cropping system were quantified at the end of each season and incorporated back into the soil at start of the subsequent season. A combined physical and density fractionation was used to separate the soil in macro-aggregates (>250 μm), micro-aggregates (250–50 μm) and silt plus clay fractions (<50 μm), while SOM was partitioned into labile (density of 1.65 to 1.85 g cm−3) and stable (2.60 g cm−3) fractions. Microbial biomass contents were determined by chloroform fumigation while enzymatic activities were assessed by hydrolyses of fluorescein diacetate and dehydrogenase. Compared to sole potato, intercropping increased the contents of light fraction organic matter by 12–28%, dissolved organic matter by 7–21% and microbial biomass by 15–38%, thus stimulating enzyme activities. Trends in soil microbial respiration followed those of enzyme activity and were 20–34% higher in intercropping than in sole potato. Intercropping ensured high residue returns which got short-term residence within the macro-aggregates, thus ensuring steady supply of substrates to the soil microbes. These results affirm legume intercropping as a possible entry point to restoring the impoverished soil quality in smallholder potato farming systems.

Intercropping

Monoculture

Lablab purpureus

10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.04.015

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Citations (82)

Apical Rooted Cuttings Revolutionize Seed Potato Production by Smallholder Farmers in the Tropics

IntechOpen eBooks (2021)

Peter VanderZaag Tung Pham Victoria Escobar Demonteverde Cynthia G. Kiswa Monica Parker

Potato apical rooted cuttings (ARC) originating from juvenile simple rounded leaf mother plants are a significant new way of transplanting and field growing of seed potatoes under smallholder field conditions in the tropical highlands. The aim of this paper is to highlight the development of the technology by researchers and farmers in Vietnam, Philippines, Kenya and Uganda. The development of cultivars with late blight resistance for which no source of tuber seed was available stimulated the creation of using ARC. The demystification of tissue culture by the 1980s greatly aided this development. The key hurdle was to multiply tissue culture plants in beds of growing media and maintain the physiological young stage of the mother plants from which apical cuttings could be repeatedly taken for several months to produce ARC for sale to farmers who demanded the new cultivars (cvs) with all the desirable attributes. The technology was first developed in warmer climates at lower elevations of less than 1,500 meters above mean sea level (mamsl) but gradually it was successfully developed at cooler climates in East Africa. The technology is well established in the highlands of Vietnam and Philippines. The largest family operation is producing over 4 million ARC annually. These high-quality ARC along with improved cvs have markedly improved yields of smallholder farmers, improving food security and increasing their income levels. In Kenya and Uganda there is a rapid adoption of ARC by seed producers, smallholder farmers and youths. The ARC revolution is bringing a great deal of excitement and promise of prosperity to remote poor highland communities.

Cutting

Transplanting

10.5772/intechopen.98729

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Citations (9)