Fluoride pollution has become a major concern because of its adverse effects on human health. However, the removal capacity of defluorination agents in traditional methods is far from satisfactory. Herein, capacitive removal of F- ions via creating multiple capture sites in a modulatory heterostructure has been originally demonstrated. The heterostructure of uniformly dispersed Al2O3 coating on hollow porous nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks was precisely synthesized by atomic layer deposition. An exceptional F- ion removal efficiency at 1.2 V (95.8 and 92.9% in 5 and 10 mg/L F- solutions, respectively) could be finally achieved, with a good regeneration ability after 20 consecutive defluorination cycles. Furthermore, we investigated the removal mechanisms of F- ions by in situ Raman, in situ X-ray diffraction, and ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The promotional removal capacity was realized by the multiple capture sites of the reversible conversion of Al-F species and the insertion of F- ions into the carbon skeleton. This work offers an important new pathway and deep understanding for efficient removal of F- ions from wastewater.
To introduce process and catalyst for producing hydrogen from steam reforming of methanol.The cost of producting hydrogen from reforming of methanol is discussed.To introduce this process for fuel cell system.
The research progresses in catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of biofuels were described with emphasis on the supported catalysts,including supported transition metal oxide,supported noble metal,and supported metal carbides or nitrides.It was pointed out that the future research trend is to develop the multi-metal catalysts supported on composite supports,which should have excellent low temperature activity,high selectivity,and good resistance to water and coking.
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have gained increasing attention due to the urgent requirements for renewable energy storage. Unfortunately, the cycle stability and rate capability of promising SnO2 materials are far from satisfactory. Herein, enhanced Na-ion storage via creating smooth ions transportation pathways in a modified heterostructure has been originally demonstrated. The tuned composite of uniformly dispersed SnO2 particles anchored on the surface of graphene nanosheets was prepared via a facile hydrothermal treatment with the help of iodine. Inspiringly, an anticipated Na-ion storage can be successfully achieved, with reversible Na-ion storage of 486.1 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1 and rate capability of 343.8 mAh g-1 even at 800 mA g-1. The exceptional electrochemical performance was profited by the synergistic effect of the heterostructure with plentiful ions transportation pathways for fast Na-ion diffusion. This work opens a new opportunity for the design of next-generation rechargeable batteries in energy storage.
Objective: In order to explore the mechanism of neonatal spontaneous breathing, the difference of oxygen and carbon dioxide between umbilical cord arteries and veins before the start of spontaneous breathing after birth has been analyzed among people. In this part, the related information is analyzed individually. Methods: After all fetal parents signed the informed consent before birth, and before the newborn was born and did not breathe, the umbilical cord was exposed as quickly as possible, and the heparinized arterial indwelling needle was inserted into the umbilical artery and umbilical vein in the direction of newborn and placenta, and then blood was taken continuously. Although dozens of mothers were selected,but only 3 cases were collected from Pua and Puv blood samplers at the same time for blood gas analysis and determination, and the differences and dynamic changes of umbilical vein and umbilical artery were calculated and analyzed. Results: In all 3 none spontaneous breathing newborns,PuvO2 was significantly higher than PuaO2 at the same time (P<0.01), with an average difference of (24.17±7.09) mmHg; while PuvCO2 was significantly lower than PuaCO2 (all P<0.01), with an average difference of (-7.67±3.70) mmHg.The difference of Puv-uaO2 was significantly higher than those of Puv-uaCO2 (P<0.05). Conclusion: PuaO2 decreases gradually with time (heartbeat frequency) before spontaneous breathing after the delivered fetus as a newborn, and it induces the first inhalation to start spontaneous breathing when it reaches the threshold of triggering breathing.目的: 为探讨新生儿自主呼吸产生机制,前文已对新生儿出生后自主呼吸开始前脐带动静脉氧气和二氧化碳差值进行了人群组间分析;而本部分则对相关信息进行个体化分析。方法: 在产前经所有胎儿父母签署知情同意书,新生儿出生后还没有呼吸之前在脐带动脉和脐带静脉分别连续逐搏取血,仅有3例同时采集到Pua和Puv血液样本进行血气分析测定,计算分析脐带静脉和脐带动脉的异同和动态变化。结果: 虽然准备了数十产妇,但仅有3例同时采集到Pua和Puv血液样本,同一时间的PuvO2显著高于PuaO2（P均<0.01）,平均相差（24.17±7.09） mmHg;而PuvCO2显著低于PuaCO2（P均<0.01）,平均相差（-7.67±3.70） mmHg。在同一时间的Puv-uaO2显著高于Puv-uaCO2（P<0.05）。结论: 新生儿出生后自主呼吸前,全部氧气供应由脐带静脉运输,只要胎盘开始剥离则新生儿的PuaO2随时间（心跳次数）逐渐降低,当PuaO2达到触发呼吸阈值（最低值）诱发第一次吸气开始其自主呼吸。.
Objective To approach the correlation between the bone density measured by quantitative CT and the blood sugar level of the aged patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,and observe the effects of the blood sugar level on the bone density.Methods The lumbar bone densities and the blood sugar levels of 160 aged patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (hyperglycemia group 80 cases,euglycemia group 80 cases ) and the healthy aged people (80 cases) were detected by quantitative CT and serum biochemical detection; the correlation between the blood sugar level and the bone density and the osteoporosis occurrence status of aged people in various groups were analyzed.Results The bone density in the non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hyperglycemia group was lower than those in normal(control) group and non-insulin-dependent diabetes and euglycemia group (P0.05); the morbility of osteoporosis in the non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hyperglycemia group was higher than those in normal(control) group and non-insulin-dependent diabetes and euglycemia group (P0.05);negative correlation was found between the bone density and the blood sugar level (aged male group:r=-0.7382,P=0.0013;aged female group:r=-0.8343,P=0.0007).Conclusion The blood sugar level affects the bone density of the aged patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus;the higher the blood sugar level,the lower the bone density.The non-insulin-dependent diabetes aged patients with hyperglycemia have the liability of osteoporosis.
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