An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Because of climate change and the highly growing world population, it becomes a huge challenge to feed the whole population. To overcome this challenge and increase the crop yield, a large number of fertilizers are applied but these have many side effects. Instead of these, scientists have discovered beneficial rhizobacteria, which are environmentally friendly and may increase crop yield and plant growth. The microbial population of the rhizosphere shows a pivotal role in plant development by inducing its physiology. Plant depends upon the valuable interactions among the roots and microbes for the growth, nutrients availability, growth promotion, disease suppression and other important roles for plants. Recently numerous secrets of microbes in the rhizosphere have been revealed due to huge development in molecular and microscopic technologies. This review illustrated and discussed the current knowledge on the development, maintenance, interactions of rhizobacterial populations and various proposed mechanisms normally used by PGPR in the rhizosphere that encouraging the plant growth and alleviating the stress conditions. In addition, this research reviewed the role of single and combination of PGPR, mycorrhizal fungi in plant development and modulation of the stress as well as factors affecting the microbiome in the rhizosphere.
Keywords: rhizosphere, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, mycorrhizae, nitrogen fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201305.5762
Citation: Khan A, Ding Z T, Ishaq M, Khan I, Ahmed A A, Khan A Q, et al. Applications of beneficial plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and mycorrhizae in rhizosphere and plant growth: A review. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(5):199–208.
A novel series of some lanthanide (III) chloro complexes with 4-[N-(4´-nitrobenzalidene) amino] antipyrine thiosemicarbazone (4´-NO 2 BAAPTS) as primary ligand and pyridine (Py) as secondary ligand with the general composition [LnCl 3 •2(4´-NO 2 BAAPTS) Py] (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy or Ho) are reported. All the complexes are non-electrolytic in nitrobenzene. The infrared spectral studies revealed that thiosemicarbazone (4´NO2BAAPTS) is tridentate (N, N, S), while pyridine is coordinated to the central metal ion through its hetro-N atom. Magnetic, spectral (infrared and electronic) and thermal properties of the complexes have also been investigated. A coordination number of ten is suggested in these complexes.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic complex inflammatory gut pathological condition, examples of which include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which is associated with significant morbidity. Although the etiology of IBD is unknown, gut microbiota alteration (dysbiosis) is considered a novel factor involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. The gut microbiota acts as a metabolic organ and contributes to human health by performing various physiological functions; deviation in the gut flora composition is involved in various disease pathologies, including IBD. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of gut microbiota alteration in IBD and how this contributes to intestinal inflammation, as well as explore the potential role of gut microbiota-based treatment approaches for the prevention and treatment of IBD. The current literature has clearly demonstrated a perturbation of the gut microbiota in IBD patients and mice colitis models, but a clear causal link of cause and effect has not yet been presented. In addition, gut microbiota-based therapeutic approaches have also shown good evidence of their effects in the amelioration of colitis in animal models (mice) and IBD patients, which indicates that gut flora might be a new promising therapeutic target for the treatment of IBD. However, insufficient data and confusing results from previous studies have led to a failure to define a core microbiome associated with IBD and the hidden mechanism of pathogenesis, which suggests that well-designed randomized control trials and mouse models are required for further research. In addition, a better understanding of this ecosystem will also determine the role of prebiotics and probiotics as therapeutic agents in the management of IBD.
Society for Promoting Education among Disadvantaged Groups (SPEDG) has always been active in conducting self funded as well as donor funded surveys on different social issues. Pakistan is one of the unfortunate countries where different family planning programs have been failed and which has resulted in the creation of various demographic problems for the country. This study attempts to measure the impacts of family planning programs,on fertility level in Pakistan. By using a cross sectional data of ever married women age from 15-49 throughout the country from a SPEDG sponsored survey, this study applies bi-variate analysis to check the one to association among and between dependent and independent variable. This study is expected to help policy makers in formulating an effective family planning policy.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
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