Susan Heimbecher

University of Arizona

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Samuel H. Yalkowsky

University of Arizona

S. Esmail Tabibi

National Cancer Institute

John L. Hart

AstraZeneca (Brazil)

Julianne Berry

Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)

Joel Sequeira

University at Buffalo, State University of New York

Yung-Chi Lee

University of Arizona

Yung-Chi Lee

University of Arizona

Ralph L. Price

University of Arizona

Karen V. Jorgensen

University of Arizona

Cooperative Institutions

University of Arizona

Canadian Food Inspection Agency

AstraZeneca (Brazil)

GlaxoSmithKline (Brazil)

Novo Nordisk (Finland)

University of Montana

DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory

University of Illinois Chicago

3M (United States)

South College

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Interactive Effects of Duration of Storage and Addition of Formaldehyde on Levels of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL (1988)

Susan Heimbecher Karen V. Jorgensen Ralph L. Price

Spray-dried skim milk, naturally contaminated with aflatoxin M1, was added to either raw or pasteurized whole milk to a final concentration of 1.1 microgram aflatoxin M1/L milk. Formalin (37% w/w) was added to the milk solutions to final concentrations of 0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1% formaldehyde. Samples were stored in the dark at 21 degrees C in plastic and glass containers and were analyzed for aflatoxin M1 at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. This experiment was repeated using only raw milk and glass containers. Aflatoxin M1 analyses were done at 0, 1, and 2 weeks. Aflatoxin M1 losses increased over time and with increased formaldehyde concentration. With both experiments, aflatoxin M1, levels after 2 weeks were less than 0.05 micrograms/L in samples containing 0.1% formaldehyde.

Pasteurization

Whole milk

10.1093/jaoac/71.2.285

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Citations (8)

AFLATOXIN M₁ ANALYSIS: EFFECTS OF FORMALDEHYDE AND STORAGE CONDITIONS

Susan Heimbecher

Source

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Citations (0)

Derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of pentaazapentacosane pentahydrochloride

Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications (1997)

Susan Heimbecher Yung-Chi Lee S. Esmail Tabibi Samuel H. Yalkowsky

Dansyl chloride

Derivative (finance)

10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00452-5

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Citations (6)

Influence of the Metering Chamber Volume and Actuator Design on the Aerodynamic Particle Size of a Metered Dose Inhaler

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy (2003)

Julianne Berry Susan Heimbecher John L. Hart Joel Sequeira

Presented in this work are the results of a study designed to investigate the impact of the valve metering chamber volume and actuator design on the aerodynamic particle size distribution (PSD) of a suspension metered dose inhaler (MDI) containing propellant HFA-227. It was hypothesized that the valve metering volume and the actuator design in the MDI could influence the PSD of the emitted dose since it would affect the aerosol spray dynamics. The PSD results from this study, measured using cascade impaction, revealed that samples containing an actuator intended for oral delivery (rectangular mouthpiece and orifice diameter of ≈0.5 mm) produced a higher fine particle dose (FPD) than those containing an actuator intended for nasal delivery (circular nosetip and orifice diameter of ≈1 mm). In addition, the drug PSD profile was shown to be more sensitive to differences in the particle size of the suspended material when the oral actuator was used compared to when the nasal actuator was used. The valve metering chamber (25 vs. 63 μL volume) did not appear to have a major effect on the product aerodynamic PSD or the droplet size. These results demonstrate the importance of actuator design and orifice size in determining the aerodynamic PSD of an MDI.

Metering mode

Metered-dose inhaler

Diffuser (optics)

Particle (ecology)

10.1081/ddc-120024182

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Citations (25)

Mechanism of dansylation of the polyamine pentaazapentacosane ·5 HCl

International Journal of Pharmaceutics (1998)

Susan Heimbecher Yung-Chi Lee S. Esmail Tabibi Samuel H. Yalkowsky

Polyamine

10.1016/s0378-5173(97)00315-3

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Citations (3)