J. D. Arthington

University of Florida

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J. M. B. Vendramini

University of Florida

Philipe Moriel

University of Florida

Juliana Ranches

Eastern Oregon University

Reinaldo F Cooke

Texas A&M University

Marcelo Vedovatto

Louisiana State University of Alexandria

E. Palmer

University of Florida

G. C. Lamb

Texas A&M University

J. A. Carroll

Issues Research

Lynn E. Sollenberger

University of Florida

Nicolás DiLorenzo

Southwest Florida Research

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University of Florida

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Agricultural Research Service

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station

Texas A&M University

Kansas State University

Southwest Florida Research

United States Department of Agriculture

North Carolina State University

University of Tennessee at Knoxville

Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

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Effect of animal plasma proteins on intestinal damage and recovery of neonatal pigs infected with rotavirus☆

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry (2007)

Benjamin A. Corl R. J. Harrell Hyung‐Geun Moon Owen P. Phillips Edward M. Weaver

Intestinal mucosa

Jejunum

10.1016/j.jnutbio.2006.12.011

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Citations (50)

163 Effects of pre- and post-partum supplementation of molasses/urea with or without methionine fortification on growth performance of primiparous cows and their offspring

Journal of Animal Science (2019)

Marcelo Vedovatto E. Palmer Juliana Ranches Miguel Miranda Vinícius N Gouvêa

Abstract The present study evaluated the performance of calves born from primiparous cows offered pre- and post-partum supplementation of sugarcane molasses/urea added or not with DL-methionine hydroxyl analog. On d 0 (~56 d before calving), 36 Brangus heifers were stratified by BW and BCS (345 ± 4.7 kg; 2 yr of age), and randomly allocated into 1 of 12 bahiagrass pastures (3 heifers and 1.2 ha/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (4 pastures/ treatment) and consisted of no supplementation (NOSUP) or supplementation of molasses/urea (7.2 kg DM/heifer/ wk; 75% TDN, 20% CP; DM basis) with (MOL+) or without (MOL-) fortification with 105 g/heifer/wk of methionine (Alimet, Novus International Inc., Romance, AR) from d 0 until all heifers within each pasture calved. Total weekly amount of molasses/urea (and methionine for MOL+ heifers) was divided by 2 and offered on Tuesdays and Wednesdays. After all cows calved, all pairs were fed 12.7 kg/cow/wk of molasses/urea (DM basis) and grazed a single bahiagrass pasture until calf early-weaning (d 147). Calves received a soybean hull-based supplement at 3.5% of BW (DM basis) and ad libitum stargrass hay from d 154 to 201. Calving date and cow BCS on d 44 did not differ between MOL+ and MOL- (P ≥ 0.50), but both groups calved at greater BCS than NOSUP cows (P ≤ 0.008). However, cow BCS on d 147 and pregnancy percentage on d 288 did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.27). Calf birth BW did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.21), but ADG from birth to d 201 was greater for MOL+ and MOL- vs. NOSUP calves (P ≤ 0.05). Therefore, pre- and post-partum supplementation of sugarcane molasses/urea improved cow BCS at calving and calf postnatal growth compared with no supplementation. Supplemental methionine did not further enhance cow and calf growth performance

10.1093/jas/skz053.131

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23 Timing of concentrate supplementation during late gestation impacts calf pre-weaning growth, but not reproductive performance of Bos indicus-influenced cows

Journal of Animal Science (2019)

E. Palmer Marcelo Vedovatto Juliana Ranches Miguel Miranda Vinícius N Gouvêa

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of timing of dried distillers grains (DDG) supplementation during late-gestation on performance of Bos indicus-influenced cow-calf pairs. At about 84 d before calving (d 0), 84 mature Brangus cows were stratified by BW and BCS (422 ±42 kg; BCS = 5.0 ± 0.14) and assigned randomly to bahiagrass pastures (14 cows/pasture). Treatments were assigned randomly to pastures (2 pastures/treatment) and consisted of no prepartum supplementation (CON), 1 kg/d of DDG from d 0 to 84 (LATE84; 84 kg of DM/cow); or 2 kg/d of DDG from d 0 to 42 (LATE42; 84 kg of DM/cow). The respective weekly supplement amount was divided and offered into 3 feeding events (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday). Cow BCS were assessed on d 0, 45, 84 (calving), 140 and 224 (start and end of breeding season, respectively). Calf BW was collected at birth and weaning (d 346). Growth and reproductive data were analyzed using SAS MIXED and GLIMMIX procedures, respectively. Cow BCS from d 45 to 224 did not differ between LATE84 and LATE42 cows (P ≥ 0.20) but was always the least (P ≤ 0.05) for CON cows. Calving date, calf birth BW, and percentage of pregnant cows on d 283 did not differ (P ≥ 0.19) among treatments. Calf pre-weaning ADG and BW at weaning did not differ (P ≥ 0.58) between LATE42 and CON calves, but LATE84 calves tended to have the greatest pre-weaning ADG (P = 0.10; 0.88, 0.83, and 0.82 ± 0.02 kg/d, respectively) and BW at weaning (P = 0.10; 263, 254, and 252 ± 4.4 kg, respectively). Therefore, timing of prepartum DDG supplementation did not impact cow reproductive performance. However, calf pre-weaning growth tended to be enhanced when cows received longer vs. shorter or no periods of prepartum DDG supplementation

Beef Cattle

Cow-calf

10.1093/jas/skz053.043

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190 Winter vs. year-round supplementation of mature beef cows on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of steer progeny

Journal of Animal Science (2020)

Elizabeth Palmer Marcelo Vedovatto Juliana Ranches Vinícius N Gouvêa Rhaiza A Oliveira

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of year-round supplementation of molasses/urea or wheat middlings-based range cubes to mature cows on subsequent feedlot growth, immunity, and carcass characteristics of their steer progeny. On d 0, 82 mature Brangus cows were stratified by BW and BCS (433 ± 47 kg; 4.6 ± 0.77) and randomly allocated into 1 of 6 bahiagrass pastures (13–14 cows/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to 2 pastures/treatment and consisted of supplementation with molasses/urea during winter (MOL-W), or year-round supplementation with molasses/urea (MOL-Y) or range cubes (CUB-Y). Supplements were isocaloric and isonitrogenous (75% TDN, 20% CP; DM basis) and offered at a total yearly supplement DM amount of 272 kg/cow. On d 423, all calves were weaned, and 33 steers were randomly selected for the feedlot phase. Steers were penned based on cow prepartum pasture distribution and managed similarly until slaughter (d 661). Data were analyzed as complete randomized design using MIXED procedure of SAS, pasture as the experimental unit, treatment as fixed effect, and pasture(treatment) and steer(pasture) as random effects. Dry matter intake did not differ (P ≥ 0.70), but MOL-Y and MOL-W steers had greater (P = 0.05) overall ADG vs. CUB-Y steers. Plasma haptoglobin concentrations tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for CUB-Y vs. MOL-W, and intermediate for MOL-Y. Serum titers against bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 and parainfluenza-3, hot carcass weight, REA, and YG did not differ (P ≥ 0.16) among treatments, but back fat thickness was greater (P = 0.03) for MOL-W vs. MOL-Y and CUB-Y. The percentage of carcasses grading Choice did not differ (P = 0.35) among treatments, but more carcasses tended (P = 0.08) to grade low Choice for MOL-W vs. CUB-Y and MOL-Y. Therefore, providing molasses/urea supplementation to mature beef cows during winter only or year-round increased steer post-weaning feedlot performance and carcass quality compared to steers born from cows offered year-round supplementation with range cubes.

Feedlot

Beef Cattle

Completely randomized design

10.1093/jas/skz397.136

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Effects of Supplement Type on Growth and Pregnancy Rate of Yearling Brahman-Crossbred Heifers1

The Professional Animal Scientist (2004)

J. D. Arthington G.C. Lamb F. M. Pate

The effects of winter supplement type on growth and pregnancy rate of fallborn, yearling heifers was investigated over 2 consecutive yr. During both years, heifers were stratified by breed (Braford and Brangus-crossbred) and BW and randomly assigned to one of two treatments consisting of 1) wheat middling-based range cube or 2) molasses-cottonseed meal slurry (n = 34 and 24 heifers per treatment for yr 1 and 2, respectively). Supplements were fed at rates to achieve a target of 1.47 and 0.34 kg of supplemental TDN and CP daily, respectively. Four limpograss (Hemarthria altissima) pastures were utilized each year (n = 2 pastures per treatment; 0.71 and 0.51 ha per heifer for yr 1 and 2, respectively). All heifers were allowed free-choice access to stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) hay during periods of limited pasture forage availability. During a 70-d breeding season, heifers were combined by group and exposed to mature Angus bulls. Bulls were rotated among pastures each week. Individual heifer BW and hip height were collected at the start of supplementation and at the start and end of the breeding season. Pregnancy rate was determined by transrectal ultrasonography in late April of each year (minimum of 40 d after the end of breeding). There were no treatment × year, breed × treatment, or breed × year interactions for heifer ADG (P>0.10). Supplement type did not affect heifer ADG (0.44 and 0.47 kg/d for molasses-slurry and range cubes, respectively). Heifers consuming molasses-slurry had a greater (P<0.01) overall pregnancy rate compared with heifers consuming range cubes (76.3% vs 49.2% pregnant). Regardless of treatment, Brangus-crossbred heifers had a greater pregnancy rate (P<0.01) than Braford heifers (73.2% vs 46.8%). These data indicate that yearling heifers supplemented with molasses-cottonseed meal slurry may have increased pregnancy rates compared with heifers supplemented with a wheat middling-based range cube. This response appears to be independent of heifer ADG.

Brahman

Cottonseed meal

Beef Cattle

Corriedale

Chloris gayana

10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31312-7

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Citations (10)

Effects of 2-stage and total versus fenceline weaning on the physiology and performance of beef steers11This work was supported in part by the Tennessee Beef Cattle Initiative and State and Hatch Funds allocated to the Station. Appreciation is extended to the staff of the University of Tennessee’s Plateau Research & Education Center for their efforts in animal handling and care22Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specified equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty …

The Professional Animal Scientist (2013)

Cristina Campistol H. G. Kattesh John C. Waller Emmit L. Rawls J. D. Arthington

Forty-eight steer calves (initial BW=314±21 kg), housed on pasture with their dams, were used to document changes in growth performance and various physiological measures when fitted with (YD) or without (ND) an antisuckling device for 7 d and weaned (d 0) by fenceline (FS) or total separation (TS). All steers were weighed and bled on d −7, −4, 0, 3, 7, 14, and 35. On d 7 the FS group was moved to a pasture lot distant from their dams and adjoining the TS group. Weight gain was similar (P=0.74) between ND and YD steers between d −7 and 0. The YD-FS steers lost weight (P=0.01) by d 3 compared with the YD-TS steers, and from d 14 to 35 the YD-TS steers were heavier (P=0.02) than the YD-FS steers. Hematocrit (HCT) increased (P=0.04) in YD but not ND steers by d −4 and was similar between treatments thereafter. Before weaning, treatment had no effect on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, plasma cortisol, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, or serum interferon-γ (IFN-γ) concentrations. Plasma haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin increased (P<0.01) in all steers from d −7 to −4. Upon weaning, d 3 ceruloplasmin was greater (P<0.05) in FS vs. TS steers, d 7 plasma cortisol was greater (P<0.05) in YD-FS vs. YD-TS steers, and d 14 IFN-γ was greater (P<0.05) in TS vs. FS steers. Lymphocyte percentage tended (P<0.10) to be lower for YD vs. ND steers on d 0 to 7 regardless of method of separation, resulting in an overall greater (P<0.05) mean neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for the YD steers. Use of a preweaning anti-suckling device marginally altered growth performance and physiology in beef steers postweaning.

Ceruloplasmin

Haptoglobin

Beef Cattle

Feedlot

10.15232/s1080-7446(15)30271-0

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Citations (4)

Evaluation of beef cow and calf separation systems to improve reproductive performance of first-calf cows

Livestock Science (2012)

Paulo Gustavo Macedo de Almeida Martins J. D. Arthington Reinaldo F Cooke Cliff Lamb Daniel Brito de Araújo

Brahman

Cow-calf

Beef Cattle

Lolium multiflorum

10.1016/j.livsci.2012.08.003

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Citations (17)

Rumen‐Undegradable Protein Supplementation Effects on Early Weaned Calves Grazing Annual Ryegrass

Crop Science (2010)

J. M. B. Vendramini J. D. Arthington Lynn E. Sollenberger Tibério de Albuquerque Saraiva

Early weaned beef calves ( Bos spp.) can be raised on cool‐season pastures in Florida but more information on protein supplementation is necessary to optimize the performance of those calves. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three levels of rumen‐undegradable protein (RUP) supplementation on performance of early weaned calves grazing annual ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures. The study was conducted in Ona, FL in 2007 and 2008. Treatments were 1.5 g kg −1 body weight (BW) supplementation of three levels of supplemental RUP, soybean meal (SBM, 350 g kg −1 RUP), Soyplus (SP, 600 g kg −1 RUP, modified expeller soybean meal, West Central, Ralston, IA), or a 50:50 mixture of soybean meal‐Soyplus (SBMSP, 475 g kg −1 RUP). Pasture size was 0.3 ha and four early weaned calves were assigned to each pasture. There was a linear increase in herbage mass (HM, from 1.9–2.1 Mg ha −1 ) and herbage allowance (HA, from 1.1–1.4 kg dry matter [DM] kg −1 live weight, LW) with increasing levels of RUP. Increased RUP supplementation decreased forage dry matter intake (FDMI) and total dry matter intake (TDMI) in 2008 but there was no effect in 2007. There was no difference in average daily gain (ADG, 0.76 kg d −1 ) among treatments. Increasing the levels of RUP supplementation has potential to increase stocking rates of early weaned calves grazing annual ryegrass pastures.

Lolium multiflorum

10.2135/cropsci2010.04.0204

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Citations (6)

The Effect of Early Calf Weaning on Feed Intake, Growth, and Postpartum Interval in Thin, Brahman-Crossbred Primiparous Cows1

The Professional Animal Scientist (2004)

J. D. Arthington J. E. Minton

The effects of early weaning (EW) on productivity of primiparous Brahmancrossbred cows were investigated. Following calving, 12 primiparous cows were randomly allotted to be EW (n = 6) or were left with their calves to be normal weaned (NW; n = 6). All cows were maintained in separate, individual pens (114 m2): NW cows with their calves, and EW cows without their calves. Calf age at the time of EW (January 2; d 0) did not differ among treatments (average days postpartum = 93 ± 22). Cow BW and body condition score (BCS) (nine-point scale) did not differ at the time of EW (average BW = 354 ± 25 kg; average BCS = 3.7 ± 0.7). Following early weaning, all cows were provided free choice access to chopped stargrass (Cynodon spp.) hay and supplemental concentrate at an amount required to support a targeted ADG of 0.57 kg/d. Individual cow BW and BCS were measured on d 0, 21, 42, and 70. Postpartum interval was calculated by the determination of plasma progesterone concentrations. Cows were determined to be cycling on the 1st wk of 2- wk samplings containing >1.0 ng progesterone/mL. Overall, the NW cows had a lesser ADG (0.51 vs 0.66 kg/d; SEM = 0.02), but BW differed (P<0.05) only on d 21 (382 vs 322 kg for EW and NW cows, respectively). Cow BCS increased similarly for cows on both treatments and did not differ throughout the study. Throughout the 10-wk study, NW cows and their calves consumed 59% more (P<0.001) TDN than did EW cows. Although BW was similar at the end of the 10-wk study, more (P=0.08) EW cows were cycling than NW cows (EW: 5 of 6 cows cycling; NW: 2 of 6 cows cycling). Compared with NW cows, the initiation of postpartum estrus occurred 8 wk earlier (P<0.005) in EW cows. By 2 wk following early weaning, 5 of 6 EW cows were cyclic vs 1 of 6 NW cows. These data indicate that early weaning thin, primiparous cows results in a substantial reduction in the amount of TDN required to support cow BW gain. Early weaning also is effective in initiating postpartum estrus in these cows.

Brahman

Beef Cattle

10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31269-9

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Citations (31)

Dietary Selenium Across Species

Annual Review of Nutrition (2022)

Xin Gen Lei Gerald F. Combs Roger A. Sunde Joel S Caton J. D. Arthington

This review traces the discoveries that led to the recognition of selenium (Se) as an essential nutrient and discusses Se-responsive diseases in animals and humans in the context of current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of their pathogeneses. The article includes a comprehensive analysis of dietary sources, nutritional utilization, metabolic functions, and dietary requirements of Se across various species. We also compare the function and regulation of selenogenomes and selenoproteomes among rodents, food animals, and humans. The review addresses the metabolic impacts of high dietary Se intakes in different species and recent revelations of Se metabolites, means of increasing Se status, and the recycling of Se in food systems and ecosystems. Finally, research needs are identified for supporting basic science and practical applications of dietary Se in food, nutrition, and health across species.

10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-121834

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Citations (38)