Olivier Kashongwe Basole

Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy

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DAVID MARII

Egerton University

Bockline Omedo Bebe

Egerton University

Anthony Macharia King’ori

Egerton University

Reagan Anguie Lewis

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Egerton University

Rwanda Agriculture Board

Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy

Institute of Animal Sciences

Wageningen University & Research

Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization

The Fertilizer Institute

International Livestock Research Institute

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Effects of Treating Prosopis Juliflora Pods with Multi-Enzyme, with and Without Bacterial Cultures on In-Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD), Fermentation Kinetics and Performance of Growing Pigs

Research Square (Research Square) (2021)

DAVID MARII Olivier Kashongwe Basole Anthony Macharia King’ori

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effects of treating Prosopis juliflora pods with multi-enzyme and bacterial cultures on in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), fermentation kinetics and performance of growing pigs. Experiment one consisted of a pepsin-pancreatine hydrolysis method to simulate in-vitro , the pig digestive system and was followed by in-vitro gas production to assess fermentation kinetics. Samples of ground Prosopis pod meal (GPPM) were allocated to four treatments with three replicates each. Treatments included GPPM treated with multi-enzyme (Natuzyme®) (T1); Untreated (GPPM) (T2); GPPM fermented with ( Lactobacillus plantarum MTD1 Ecosyl ®) (T3) and GPPM treated using natural fermentation (T4). The second experiment assessed the performance of pigs fed the best treatment from experiment 1. Thirty Landrace x Large white crosses of 20 ± 2 Kg were allotted to five treatments with six pigs each (replicates). The dietary treatments were PC -0% GPPM + Enzyme; NC − 0% GPPM and 0% Enzyme; D1–10% GPPM + Enzyme; D2- 20% GPPM + Enzyme; and D3- 30% GPPM + Enzyme. The completely randomized block design was used for both experiments. Enzyme treatment (T1) and T3 improved the IVDMD of the GPPM compared to T2 by 3.68% and 1.2% respectively (p < 0.05). Cumulative gas was highest and Tmax lowest for T1 but significantly different only to T4 (p < 0.05). Average daily gain and intake was highest for pigs fed GPPM up to 10% (PC, D1). Feed conversion ratio increased with the level of GPPM in the diet. Results suggest Prosopis juliflora pods treated with enzymes can be added in pig diets up to 30%.

Prosopis

Pepsin

Completely randomized design

10.21203/rs.3.rs-627070/v1

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Quantification of fertility impairments due to foot and mouth disease outbreaks in large scale dairy farms in Nakuru, Kenya

International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry (2019)

Reagan Anguie Lewis Olivier Kashongwe Basole Bockline Omedo Bebe

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease to which dairy cattle are highly susceptible. This study quantified the association of FMD outbreak with fertility impairments in large scale dairy farms with a history of FMD outbreaks in the recent past. 507 cows were recorded for the period of six weeks before, six weeks during and six weeks after foot and mouth disease outbreaks. Data were subjected to general linear model and means comparison. Results showed that abortion before foot and mouth disease outbreak was (0.19%), while during and after FMD was (2.77%, 0.99%). The retained placenta before FMD was significant (0.19%), but during the outbreak was (1.3%) and after the outbreak was (0.59%). The conception failure or the repeated insemination for the three periods: before, during and after foot and mouth disease outbreaks was (12.47%, 6.33%, and 4.95%).

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