Chronic kidney disease (CKD) induces frailty and worsens quality of life (QOL), even in the early stages of the disease and in young patients. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the relationship between frailty and QOL in CKD patients. Thus, we investigated this relationship in a sample of CKD patients.A cross-observational study was conducted, in which 61 CKD patients receiving pre-dialysis treatment were assessed. All participants completed the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). We used valid and reliable methods to classify subjects as frail or non-frail according to Johansen's et al. (2007) criteria. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests were used to compare the groups. In addition, Spearman's correlation analysis was conducted to measure associations between identified variables and frailty. We also performed simple linear regression using the SF-36 physical and mental composite scores.Almost half of the sample (42.6%) exhibited evidence of frailty. The groups differed significantly in terms of age, gender, and all SF-36 domains, excluding Social Functioning and Role Emotional. Frailty was significantly associated with all SF-36 domains, again excluding Social Functioning and Role Emotional. Regression analysis revealed no significant between-group differences in composite physical and mental health scores generated by the SF-36 (p > 0.05).Frail and non-frail CKD patients differed significantly in seven of the eight SF-36 domains. The frail group displayed diminished physical and mental functioning when their SF-36 scores were divided by their physical and mental composite scores. Frailty was correlated with QOL domains, with the exception of the social domain. There is a need for interventions targeting the characteristics of frailty, to provide better treatment and optimize overall QOL.
A obesidade, um dos principais componentes da síndrome metabólica frequentemente associa-se à compulsão alimentar periódica (CAP). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a presença da CAP em mulheres com SM e a possível associação com parâmetros sociodemográficos, clínicos e comportamentais. Em estudo transversal foram selecionados 124 indivíduos com SM, distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 (ausência de CAP) e Grupo 2 (presença de CAP). A avaliação clínica incluiu medidas de peso e altura, circunferência da cintura e pressão arterial de consultório. Foram também avaliados parâmetros comportamentais, como presença de compulsão alimentar periódica, nível de atividade física, consumo de álcool, imagem corporal, sintomas depressivos e qualidade de vida. A avaliação laboratorial incluiu as dosagens de glicose e insulina, hormônio tiroestimulante, perfil lipídico e taxa de filtração glomerular estimada. Aplicou-se análise estatística através dos testes Qui Quadrado e t de Student. A média de idade das participantes foi 41±10,9 anos e a totalidade da amostra apresentava obesidade abdominal, com média da circunferência da cintura de 110±11,0 cm, 70% eram hipertensas, com média de Pressão Arterial Sistólica de 133±13,0 mmHg e Pressão Arterial Diastólica de 89±11,0 mmHg. Além disso, 95% eram sedentárias, 7% eram fumantes, 12% faziam uso nocivo do álcool, 98% declararam insatisfação com a imagem corporal e 62% apresentavam depressão. Observou-se presença de CAP em 57% das mulheres avaliadas. Houve associação entre CAP e idade, com predomínio na faixa etária entre 20 a 39 anos (p=0,010) e entre CAP e qualidade de vida (p=0,039). Quanto aos parâmetros laboratoriais, não foi observada diferença significativa entre os grupos. Em conclusão, a presença de CAP foi achado frequente em indivíduos com SM, sendo observada associação da CAP com faixa etária mais jovem e com pior qualidade de vida.Palavras-chave: Obesidade; Síndrome metabólica; Transtorno da compulsão alimentar.
Introduction. Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) share a number of treatable clinical complications related to chronic kidney disease (CKD) with pre-dialysis patients (PDP). We aimed to compare the prevalence and clinical management of such complications in a KTR group and a PDP group, both under multidisciplinary treatment. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study with data from the medical records of 133 KTRs and 114 PDPs, to determine the prevalence of CKD-related complications and the presence, or absence, of specific treatment of those complications, when clinically indicated. The multidisciplinary team consisted of nephrologists, nurses, dieticians, social assistants and psychologists. Results. KTR were younger (40.0 ± 12.5 vs. 55. 8 ± 11.8 years), presented at earlier stages of CKD (mostly 2 and 3A, as compared to PDP, which presented mostly at stages 3B and 4), with a significantly better kidney function (60.0 ± 18.1 vs. 31.2 ± 14.3 mL/min/1.73m2, p< 0.001), and, as expected, a lower prevalence of hypertension, uncontrolled systolic hypertension, proteinuria, diabetes, diabetic kidney disease, obesity, cardiovascular disease, anemia, hyperuricemia, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. However, the availability of treatment directed towards clinical complications related to CKD, such as anemia (CI 0.2 to 1.6, p = 0.31), dyslipidemia (CI 0.3 to 2.4, p = 0.84), metabolic acidosis (CI 0.8 to 18.2, p = 0.101) hyperphosphatemia (CI 0.3 to 10.8, p = 0.47), and hyperuricemia (CI 0.3 to 6.2, p = 0.73) did not differ between the groups. Conclusion. The studied KTR and PDP groups showed a number of clinical and demographic differences, but, through a similar multidisciplinary approach, the quality of clinical management of CKD-related complications was comparable between them, when clinically indicated. These findings suggest that a post-transplant multidisciplinary clinic is an appropriate model to be adopted in order to obtain a better control of CKD management in KTR.
to describe the secular trends in overweight among preschool children in the years 1989, 1996, and 2006, and to identify risk factors associated with this condition in 2006.anthropometric data from three surveys (1989, 1996, and 2006) with a representative sample of the population were analyzed. Overweight was defined as the weight-for-height Z-score. The multivariable models of overweight association with risk factors were generated by Poisson regression, and the estimates were shown as prevalence ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals (PR [95% CI]).throughout the 17-year period studied, the relative prevalence of overweight in preschoolers increased by 160% in Brazil, representing an increase of 9.4% per year. Based on data from the National Survey on Demography and Health of Women and Children - 2006/07, four multivariable models were created (macro-environmental, maternal, individual, and final model) assuming hierarchy among the risk factors. In the final model, only the following remained associated with overweight: regions South/Southeast (1.55 [1.17 to 2.06]), middle-class (1.35 [1.02 to 1.77]), maternal obesity (1.66 [1.22 to 2.27]), birth weight ≥ 3.9kg (1.87 [1.31 to 2.67]), and being an only child or having only one sibling (1.81 [1.31 to 2.49]).the prevalence of overweight among preschool children in Brazil has increased dramatically over the past 17 years, and it was higher in the 1996-2006 period. Future strategies for prevention and control of overweight in public health should focus or intensify actions in communities that are characterized by the presence of the risks identified in the present study.
Survey of the care network for drug users: An exploratory study.The study surveyed and analyzed the care network for drug users of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais.The proceedings were: 36 interviews and data collection about services with managers/ professionals and on databases.One hundred eighty four care services were identified, with 114 of the health sector, 16 from social care and 54 community resources.Despite the heterogeneity of devices and approaches, there was a hegemony of non-governmental service provision in the care of drug users.The following conclusions are made: need of expanding primary care network; deployment of more Psychosocial Care Centers for alcohol and drugs; expansion of psychosocial care network; rearrangement of care to women, children and adolescents; expansion of the emergency and urgent care network; and greater distribution of services, especially the governmental ones that are specialized for drug users.
ResumoA avaliação em saúde mental é um mecanismo capaz de produzir informações que contribuam positivamente para a tomada de decisão na área. Logo, é preciso apropriar-se das discussões existentes, refletindo sobre desafios e possibilidades na produção de conhecimento neste campo. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da produção científica brasileira sobre avaliação de serviços em saúde mental, identificando e discutindo métodos, perspectivas avaliativas e resultados. A busca de artigos ocorreu nas bases de dados IBECS, Lilacs e Scielo, com recorte temporal da publicação da lei 10.216. Foram encontrados 35 artigos por meio dos descritores e critérios de inclusão e exclusão utilizados. A produção da área concentrou-se nas regiões Sul e Sudeste, com diversos âmbitos e participantes, visando contribuir para o aprimoramento de serviços e decisões na área. Destacam-se os avanços no cuidado, com tratamento humanizado, participativo e comunitário, mas carecendo de maiores investimentos, qualificação profissional e melhorias organizacionais. Postula-se maior integração entre pesquisas, com as avaliações ultrapassando aspectos estruturais e a comparação com modelos hospitalocêntricos.