Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) requires significant infrastructure. Little is known about HSCT use and the factors associated with it on a global level.To determine current use of HSCT to assess differences in its application and to explore associations of macroeconomic factors with transplant rates on a global level.Retrospective survey study of patients receiving allogeneic and autologous HSCTs for 2006 collected by 1327 centers in 71 participating countries of the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. The regional areas used herein are (1) the Americas (the corresponding World Health Organization regions are North and South America); (2) Asia (Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific Region, which includes Australia and New Zealand); (3) Europe (includes Turkey and Israel); and (4) the Eastern Mediterranean and Africa.Transplant rates (number of HSCTs per 10 million inhabitants) by indication, donor type, and country; description of main differences in HSCT use; and macroeconomic factors of reporting countries associated with HSCT rates.There were 50 417 first HSCTs; 21 516 allogeneic (43%) and 28 901 autologous (57%). The median HSCT rates varied between regions and countries from 48.5 (range, 2.5-505.4) in the Americas, 184 (range, 0.6-488.5) in Asia, 268.9 (range, 5.7-792.1) in Europe, and 47.7 (range, 2.8-95.3) in the Eastern Mediterranean and Africa. No HSCTs were performed in countries with less than 300,000 inhabitants, smaller than 960 km(2), or having less than US $680 gross national income per capita. Use of allogeneic or autologous HSCT, unrelated or family donors for allogeneic HSCT, and proportions of disease indications varied significantly between countries and regions. In linear regression analyses, government health care expenditures (r(2) = 77.33), HSCT team density (indicates the number of transplant teams per 1 million inhabitants; r(2) = 76.28), human development index (r(2) = 74.36), and gross national income per capita (r(2) = 74.04) showed the highest associations with HSCT rates.Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is used for a broad spectrum of indications worldwide, but most frequently in countries with higher gross national incomes, higher governmental health care expenditures, and higher team densities.
The first hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) program in Latin America started in 1979 at the federal university hospital in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Over the years, the number of centers performing transplants in our country has increased tremendously, generating the need to know the results of this treatment modality. Understanding the HSCT scenario in Brazil is still challenging, since not all Brazilian centers report data to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Research (CIBMTR). Despite the improvement in the number of reporting centers over the past few years, infrastructure and trained data managers are still lacking. The partnership between the Brazilian Cellular Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society (SBTMO) and the CIBMTR enabled the establishment of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Brazilian Registry (HSCTBR), using the CIBMTR Data Back to Center (DBtC) tool to retrieve Brazilian HSCT data in a standardized and organized way. Since then, it has been possible to gather country-level data on HSCT demographics and transplant outcomes. Between 2012 and 2022, complete information on 9,868 transplants were reported to the CIBMTR from 40 Brazilian transplant centers. The consolidation of the HSCTBR using CIBMTR infrastructure allowed the development and regular update of the Brazilian Summary Slides. Despite the differences in the number of cases and follow-up time, the results in this study were similar to those presented in the United States (US) Summary Slides. In this paper we present the 2023 SBTMO-CIBMTR Summary Slides prepared by the SBTMO data managers (GD-SBTMO).
The objective of this study was to compare the major transplant outcomes between patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC).All consecutive HSCT patients using BM or PBSC from an HLA-matched related donors for haematological malignancies after high intensity conditioning at seven Brazilian transplant centres between January 2008 and December 2009 were retrospectively evaluated.In the study period, 334 patients were treated in the centres and included in the evaluation. The cumulative incidence of grades II-IV and III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at one year was 36.7% and 9.7% for BM recipients and 34.4% and 15.1% for PBSC recipients, respectively (not statistically different). The cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD at three years was 53.7% and 79.8% (HR 1.93; 95% CI 1.38-2.69, P < 0.001) for BM and PBSC, respectively. Median overall survival was 2.85 and 2.39 years for BM and PBSC recipients, respectively (HR 1.19; 95% CI, 0.84-1.68, P = 0.34).Our results confirm previous findings of increased chronic GVHD incidence in patients receiving PBSC when compared to patients receiving BM as the graft source in HSCT. Acute GVHD incidence, progression-free survival and overall survival were not different between the groups.
We analyzed cytogenetically 105 patients with hypocellular primary MDS and their clinical implications. The main chromosomal abnormalities found were del(5q)/−5, del(6q)/+6, del(7q)/−7, del(11q), and del(17p). Pediatric patients had a higher frequency of abnormal karyotypes compared with adult patients (P< 0,05). From our patients, 18% showed evolution of the disease. The chromosomal abnormalities presented in the diagnosis of patients who evolved to AML included numerical (−7, +8) and structural del(6q), del(7q), i(7q), t(7;9), i(9q), and del(11q) abnormalities and complex karyotypes. Although the frequency of evolution from hypocellular MDS to AML is low, our results suggest that some chromosomal alterations may play a critical role during this process. We applied the IPSS in our patients because this score system has been proved to be useful for predicting evolution of disease. When we considered the patients according to group 1 (intermediate-1) and group 2 (intermediate-2 and high risk), we showed that group 2 had a high association with respect to the frequency of abnormal karyotypes (P< 0,0001), evolution of disease (P< 0,0001), and mortality (P< 0,001). In fact, the cytogenetic analysis for patients with hypocellular primary MDS is an important tool for diagnosis, prognosis, in clinical decision-making and in follow-up.
Polycomb proteins form multiprotein complexes that repress target genes by chromatin remodeling. In this work, we report that the SUZ12 polycomb gene is over-expressed in bone marrow samples of patients at the blastic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. We also found a direct interaction between polycomb group genes and the WNT signaling pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia transformation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP), and mass spectrometry assays identified noncanonical WNT pathway members, such as WNT5A and WNT11, bound to the SUZ12 promoter. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence with WNT5A and WNT11 antibodies confirmed nuclear localization. Knockdown of WNTs 1, 5A, and 11 with RNAi approaches showed that WNT members are capable of activating SUZ12 transcription with varying promoter affinities. Finally, we suggest that SUZ12 is blocking cellular differentiation, as SUZ12 knockdown release differentiation programs in chronic myeloid blastic phase (CML-BP) transformed cell line.
This is an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out in May 2020, targeting adult individuals of both sexes who are members of multiprofessional teams working in Brazilian HSCT units in the current period of the pandemic by completing and analyzing a questionnaire. pre-formulated. HSCT units that cannot access the questionnaire were excluded from the study. The analysis of the operation profile of HSCT units in Brazil, through the application of a pre-structured questionnaire, is not an accurate tool, since it assumes some premises that may prove to be wrong, especially in this current scenario in Brazil. However, the data reveal the vulnerability of patients with onco-hematological diseases to infection by COVID-19, especially during HSCT procedures, in relation to the general population. Despite its limitations, it can be valuable to plan policies.
Abstract The choice of alternative donors for HCT for patients without an HLA‐matched related donor depends on several factors. We compared major HCT outcomes in 212 consecutive children transplanted at 11 centers in Brazil for acute leukemia or MDS from an HLA‐matched unrelated donor (MUD, n = 95), mismatched unrelated donor (MMUD, n = 47) or unrelated umbilical cord blood (UCB, n = 70). Most had ALL (61%), bone marrow (57%) as the graft source and 95% received a MAC regimen. The 3‐year OS probability were 57, 55, and 37% after HCT from MUD, MMUD, and UCB, respectively (HR 1.68, 95%CI 1.07‐2.63; P = .02). In comparison with MUD, OS was similar after transplantation of a ≥ 6/8 HLA‐matched or a high cell dose (>5 × 10 7 TNC/kg) CB unit (HR 1.41, 95%CI 0.88‐2.27; P = .15). NRM was higher for UCB (HR 3.90, 95%CI 1.43‐10.7; P = .01) but not for MMUD (HR 1.03, 95%CI 0.53‐2.00; P > .20). Advanced disease (HR 2.05, 95%CI 1.26‐3.33; P < .001) and UCB with high probability of being < 6/8 HLA‐matched (HR 5.34, 95%CI 2.0‐13.9; P < .001) were associated with higher mortality. Relapse and acute GVHD were similar among groups, while PGF was higher among UCB transplants ( P = .002) and chronic GVHD among MMUD group (HR 2.88, 95% CI 1.05‐7.88; P = .04). Our results suggest that in Brazil HCT outcomes performed with MMUD and MUD donors were comparable, while with UCB units < 6/8 HLA‐matched were associated with higher NRM for children with acute leukemia or MDS.