Nikolaj Bjerring Jensen

Aarhus University

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Rong Zhou

Nanjing Agricultural University

Carl‐Otto Ottosen

Aarhus University

Eva Boegh

Roskilde University

H. Soegaard

University of Copenhagen

A. Thomsen

Central Denmark Region

Eva Rosenqvist

University of Copenhagen

Xiaqing Yu

Nanjing Agricultural University

Petr Tarkowski

Crop Research Institute

Ondřej Vrobel

Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials

Nagashree Akula Nageshbabu

Aarhus University

Cooperative Institutions

Aarhus University

University of Copenhagen

Nanjing Agricultural University

Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Palacký University Olomouc

Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials

Roskilde University

Geocenter Denmark

V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography

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Interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration and combined heat and drought stress on tomato photosynthesis

BMC Plant Biology (2020)

Rong Zhou Xiaqing Yu Junqin Wen Nikolaj Bjerring Jensen Thayna Mendanha

Abstract Background Extreme weather events are predicted to increase, such as combined heat and drought. The CO 2 concentration ([CO 2 ]) is predicted to approximately double by 2100. We aim to explore how tomato physiology, especially photosynthesis, is affected by combined heat and drought under elevated [CO 2 ] (e [CO 2 ]). Results Two genotypes, ‘OuBei’ (‘OB’, Solanum lycopersicum ) and ‘LA2093’ ( S. pimpinellifolium ) were grown at a [CO 2 ] (atmospheric [CO 2 ], 400 ppm) and e [CO 2 ] (800 ppm), respectively. The 27-days-old seedlings were treated at 1) a [CO 2 ], 2) a [CO 2 ] + combined stress, 3) e [CO 2 ] and 4) e [CO 2 ] + combined stress, followed by recovery. The P N (net photosynthetic rate) increased at e [CO 2 ] as compared with a [CO 2 ] and combined stress inhibited the P N . Combined stress decreased the F v /F m (maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II) of ‘OB’ at e [CO 2 ] and that of ‘LA2093’ in regardless of [CO 2 ]. Genotypic difference was observed in the e [CO 2 ] effect on the gas exchange, carbohydrate accumulation, pigment content and dry matter accumulation. Conclusions Short-term combined stress caused reversible damage on tomato while the e [CO 2 ] alleviated the damage on photosynthesis. However, the e [CO 2 ] cannot be always assumed have positive effects on plant growth during stress due to increased water consumption. This study provided insights into the physiological effects of e [CO 2 ] on tomato growth under combined stress and contributed to tomato breeding and management under climate change.

Drought stress

Plant Physiology

Photosynthetic capacity

10.1186/s12870-020-02457-6

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Elevated CO2 induce alterations in the hormonal regulation of stomata in drought stressed tomato seedlings

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (2024)

Nikolaj Bjerring Jensen Carl‐Otto Ottosen Inge S. Fomsgaard Rong Zhou

The atmospheric CO2 level is rising, and the consequent climate change is causing an increase in drought events. Furthermore, the CO2 level is known to induce changes in the physiological responses to stress in plants. Exogenous melatonin is suggested to play roles in the response of plants to abiotic stresses, including drought. We investigated physiological drought stress responses at ambient and elevated CO2 levels (aCO2 and eCO2) of melatonin-treated and untreated tomato plants, aiming to link effects of water use efficiency of photosynthesis at (WUELeaf) and stomatal conductance (gs) with the hormonal regulation of stomata. Tomatoes grown at eCO2 had reduced water use of both irrigated and drought stressed plants during the progression of drought at the whole plant level. This was also reflected in a CO2-affected increase in WUELeaf at eCO2 across irrigated and drought-stressed plants. These CO2-induced effects were mediated through stomatal closing and reductions in stomatal pore area rather than stomatal density or size. Abscisic acid (ABA) and its conjugated form, ABA glucose ester (ABA-GE), increased at drought stress in aCO2, while only ABA-GE increased at eCO2. Contrary, salicylic acid (SA) increased to a greater magnitude at drought stress in eCO2 than aCO2. Melatonin treatment showed no effects on the stomatal regulation. Our findings imply that eCO2 changes in the balance of hormonal effectors in stomatal regulation during drought, shifting from it ABA to SA regulation, suggesting to consider stomatal reactions at eCO2 in a perspective of a hormonal interplay rather than only ABA.

10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108762

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Exogenous Melatonin Alters Stomatal Regulation in Tomato Seedlings Subjected to Combined Heat and Drought Stress through Mechanisms Distinct from ABA Signaling

Plants (2023)

Nikolaj Bjerring Jensen Carl‐Otto Ottosen Rong Zhou

The understanding of stomatal regulation in climate stress is essential for ensuring resilient crops. The investigation of the stomatal regulation in combined heat and drought stress aimed to link effects of exogenous melatonin on stomatal conductance (gs) and its mechanistic interactions with ABA or ROS signaling. Melatonin-treated and non-treated tomato seedlings were subjected to moderate and severe levels of heat (38°C for one or three days) and drought stress (soil relative water content of 50% or 20%) applied individually and in combination. We measured gs, stomatal anatomy, ABA metabolites and enzymatic ROS scavengers. The stomata in combined stress responded predominantly to heat at soil relative water content (SRWC) = 50% and to drought stress at SRWC = 20%. Drought stress increased ABA levels at severe stress, whereas heat stress caused an accumulation of the conjugated form, ABA glucose ester, at both moderate and severe stress. The melatonin treatment affected gs and the activity of ROS scavenging enzymes but had no effect on ABA levels. The ABA metabolism and conjugation of ABA might play a role in stomatal opening toward high temperatures. We provide evidence that melatonin increases gs in combined heat and drought stress, but the effect is not mediated through ABA signaling.

Stomatal Conductance

Drought stress

10.3390/plants12051156

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Spectral quality of supplemental LED grow light permanently alters stomatal functioning and chilling tolerance in basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.)

Scientia Horticulturae (2017)

Nikolaj Bjerring Jensen Morten Rahr Clausen Katrine Heinsvig Kjær

Plant Physiology

10.1016/j.scienta.2017.09.011

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Stomatal effects and ABA metabolism mediate differential regulation of leaf and flower cooling in tomato cultivars exposed to heat and drought stress

Journal of Experimental Botany (2024)

Nikolaj Bjerring Jensen Ondřej Vrobel Nagashree Akula Nageshbabu Nuria De Diego Petr Tarkowski

Abstract Co-occurring heat and drought stresses challenge crop performance. Stomata open to promote evaporative cooling during heat stress, but close to retain water during drought stress, which resulted in complex stomatal regulation under combined heat and drought. We aimed to investigate stomatal regulation in leaves and flowers of perennial, indeterminate cultivars of tomatoes subjected to individual and combined heat and drought stress followed by a recovery period, measuring morphological, physiological, and biochemical factors involved in stomatal regulation. Under stress, stomata of leaves were predominantly affected by drought, with lower stomatal density and stomatal closing, resulting in significantly decreased photosynthesis and higher leaf temperature. Conversely, stomata in sepals seemed affected mainly by heat during stress. The differential patterns in stomatal regulation in leaves and flowers persisted into the recovery phase as contrasting patterns in stomatal density. We show that flower transpiration is regulated by temperature, but leaf transpiration is regulated by soil water availability during stress. Organ-specific patterns of stomatal development and abscisic acid metabolism mediated this phenomenon. Our results throw light on the dual role of stomata in heat and drought tolerance of vegetative and generative organs, and demonstrate the importance of considering flower surfaces in the phenotyping of stomatal reactions to stress.

Stomatal Conductance

Plant Physiology

Drought Tolerance

Ecophysiology

10.1093/jxb/erad498

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Incorporation of leaf Nitrogen Observations for Biochemical and Environmental Modeling of Photosynthesis and Evapotranspiration

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2007)

Eva Boegh B. Gjetterman Per Abrahamsen Sitlington Hansen Nikolaj Bjerring Jensen

Nitrogen Cycle

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