Abstract Case description: We describe the clinical case of a female newborn, result of a monitored, full-term pregnancy, who presented at birth with an atrophic lesion on the abdominal wall, measuring around 5cm and with visualization of the underlying vasculature. There were no other alterations on objective examination. Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) was hypothesized and corroborated by dermatology. Abdominal, transfontanellar ultrasound and echocardiogram were requested with no associated anomalies. No family history of similar skin lesions. The approach was conservative with the application of an emollient and there was a favorable evolution, with gradual regression of the lesion. Conclusion: ACC is a rare entity characterized by focal or generalized absence of skin. Since mild cases may not be reported, its incidence may be underestimated. The appropriate approach to this entity depends on its characteristics and severity, and a careful evaluation should be carried out to identify and guide associated malformations at an early stage. Because of the possible implications in terms of counseling, a thorough family history is important. Small, isolated lesions usually resolve spontaneously, and complications are rare.
Introduction and objectives: Several studies support the health benefits of breastfeeding for both the mother and the newborn. However, a significant number of mothers discontinue breastfeeding within the first six months of childbirth, with several factors influencing breastfeeding adherence. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevention of mother-to-newborn infection transmission, breastfeeding patterns and duration, and the incidence of other infections during the first year of life. Methods: Data from a sample of 39 mothers who gave birth at the Hospital Pedro Hispano in Porto, Portugual, between March 2020 and November 2021 were collected and a telephone questionnaire was administered. Statistical analysis was conducted using R software, v. 4.2.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Results and discussion: In terms of the impact of the COVID-19 norm 18/2020, which went into effect on March 30th, our research found that the type of feeding during hospitalization was significantly influenced by this norm (X2=10.30, p=0.006). We also confirmed that mothers who received home assistance breastfed for an extra 4.5 months (95% CI: 1-7.5) compared with mothers who did not receive such assistance. Regarding the effect of COVID-19 and breastfeeding on newborn health, our study found that if the total duration of breastfeeding is less than six months, an infection is approximately five times more likely (95% CI = 1.06- 29.56). Conclusion: Overall, the findings of this study indicate that the efforts implemented at Hospital Pedro Hispano to limit the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic had some effect on immediate breastfeeding patterns, but not on the total duration of breastfeeding or newborn health. Nonetheless, more continuous assistance at home would have been beneficial.
Harlequin syndrome is a rare autonomic disorder characterised by well-delimited unilateral hyperhidrosis and flushing.[1][1] Vascular smooth muscle and eccrine sweat glands are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, whose fibbers originate from the hypothalamus, descend in the brainstem and
In pediatric age groups, fever of unknown origin composes a diagnostic challenge due to its multiple possible etiologies.A high percentage of those cases is caused by infections.In this article, we describe the clinical case of an adolescent with atypical pneumonia caused by simultaneous infection of Coxiella burnetti and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.In children, tuberculosis is a known cause of prolonged fever and high mortality.Diagnosis of Q fever is less prevalent, but its importance has been highly increasing.The clinical picture outlined here improved after pursuing the treatment for acute Q fever.Nevertheless, it is essential to emphasize the importance of identification and treatment for both infections.This association is rare since this is the third case reported in the literature and the first one in pediatric age.