Jarred Hugh Oxford

University of Georgia

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Antonio Cesar Godoy

Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados

Wilson Rogério Boscolo

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná

Dacley Hertes Neu

Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados

Rômulo Batista Rodrigues

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Ricardo Vianna Nunes

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná

Aldi Feiden

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná

Cláucia Aparecida Honorato

Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados

Arlindo Fabrício Corrêia

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná

Ramesh K. Selvaraj

University of Georgia

Mohamad Mortada

University of Georgia

Cooperative Institutions

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná

Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados

Universidade Estadual do Paraná

University of Georgia

Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná

Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná

Universidade Federal de Jataí

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria

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Choosing sample sizes for various blood parameters of broiler chickens with normal and non-normal observations

Poultry Science (2018)

Ricardo Vianna Nunes Jomara Broch Lucas Wachholz Cléverson de Souza J.L. Damasceno

Experimental power is a measure of the ability of an experiment to detect differences between treatment means. Researchers design experiments and then calculate the probability that differences are simply due to chance, the null hypothesis. The objective of the analyses reported here was to determine the appropriate number of samples to demonstrate significant differences of various magnitudes from broiler chicken blood constituents. Over 800 samples were taken for a study of the effects of sample storage time, serum vs. plasma, light intensity, and fed vs. fasted birds on blood cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, glucose, total protein (TP), albumin, globulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase, gammaGT, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, Ca and P. Various transformations increased the QQ plot R2 values from 0.000 to 0.149 or 0.00 to 17.62%. Most of the QQ plot R2 values were at or above 0.90. The 1/x2 transformation of blood P data showed the biggest increase in QQ plot R2 (0.846 to 0.995). The different standard deviations and coefficients of variation (CVs) found for each variable resulted in widely different numbers of replicates needed to detect differences in 2 treatment means. The extremes were glucose with a CV of 6.9% and ALT with a CV of 39.7%. For glucose, 15 replicates are needed to find a 10% difference in 97% of experiments; for ALT, 15 replicates would detect a 50% difference 91% of the time. The use of parameters such as cholesterol, glucose, TP, albumin, and globulin showed low CVs, indicating they may be considered as stable parameters. The lower CVs make it possible to find differences with a smaller number of replicates used in studies. As reported, the phosphorus values did not have a normal distribution of the data, so a transformation of these data could be an alternative to better discuss the results found.

Coefficient of variation

Alanine aminotransferase

10.3382/ps/pey217

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Citations (33)

Influence of seasonality on the development and quality of wild Pimelodus britskii fillet

Journal of Applied Aquaculture (2020)

Antonio Cesar Godoy Jarred Hugh Oxford Jakeline Marcela Azambuja de Freitas Ricardo Vianna Nunes Dacley Hertes Neu

The present study aimed to evaluate the morphometric and yield characteristics and the chemical composition of Pimelodus britskii in two seasons (winter or summer) to provide information for its industrialization and commercial use. For this trial, 72 individuals were collected from either winter or summer. The fish were distributed to three length classes (<20 cm, 20 to 23 cm, >23 cm), for a total of 24 fish per class. Evaluation of total weight, total and standard length, head length and height, and the relationships between these characteristics were recorded. Clean trunk and fillet yields, visceral fat percentage, and head weight percentage were also evaluated in this study. Chemical composition of the fillets was analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, lipid content, and ash. The fatty acid profile of fillets from fish caught in the winter was higher in this study: 24:0, 14:1 n − 5, 16:1 n − 7, 18:1 n − 9, 24:1 n − 9, 18:2 n − 6, 18:3 n − 3, 20:4 n − 6, 20:5 n − 3, and 22:6 n − 3 (P < .05). Seasonality affected total weight, head weight, visceral fat percentage, and fillet yields (P < .05). The fatty acid profile of P. britskii (increased n − 3/n − 6 lipids) caught during the winter shows great potential for human consumption. The results show that seasonality can affect the morphological characteristics and chemical composition of P. britskii.

Seasonality

Fillet (mechanics)

10.1080/10454438.2020.1823296

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Effects of Glutamine Supplementation on Broiler Performance and Intestinal Immune Parameters During an Experimental Coccidiosis Infection

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research (2019)

Jarred Hugh Oxford Ramesh K. Selvaraj

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of glutamine supplementation on performance and intestinal immune parameters of broilers during an experimental coccidiosis infection. There were 3 glutamine supplementation levels in this study: 0, 0.5, and 1.0%. At 14 d of age, each bird was given an oral gavage of 20X dose of Coccivac B52 suspended in distilled water. IFN-γ mRNA levels were downregulated 11.8- and 2.0-fold in the jejunum and 8.1- and 7.9-fold in the cecal tonsils of birds supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0% glutamine at 21 d, respectively, compared to that in the birds fed 0% supplemental glutamine (P = 0.06 and P = 0.01, respectively). At 21 d of age, IL-10 mRNA levels were downregulated in the jejunum of the birds supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0% having a 25.3- and a 1.5-fold lower level, respectively (P < 0.05). Glutamine supplementation significantly increased claudin-1, claudin-2, and zonula occuloden-1 mRNA expression (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01; respectively). The birds fed glutamine at 0.5 and 1.0% had reduced (P < 0.01) crypt depths (84 and 117%, respectively) and increased (P < 0.01) villus height to crypt depth ratios (97 and 161%, respectively) compared to the control group. No significant effects (P > 0.05) were observed on any performance parameter or T-cell population percentages. This study shows that glutamine supplementation upregulated tight junction protein gene expression, improved intestinal morphology, and downregulated pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. In conclusion, these results indicate that dietary glutamine supplementation can improve intestinal health in birds challenged with an experimental coccidiosis infection.

Jejunum

10.3382/japr/pfz095

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Citations (24)

Hydroalcoholic extract of pitaya (Hylocereus guatemalensis) supplied in the diet for blue Betta splendens and its effects on fish pigmentation

Research Square (Research Square) (2022)

Patricia do Carmo Gauer Antonio Cesar Godoy Jarred Hugh Oxford Mayara Schueroff Siqueira Heriberto Gimênes-Junior

Abstract The experiment was conducted to evaluate the composition of the hydroalcoholic extract of pitaya bark (Hylocereus guatemalensis) and its effects on the diet of male blue Betta splendens concerning the content of digestive enzymes, liver metabolism, and activity antioxidant. The fish were supplemented with hydroalcoholic extract of pitaya bark (HEPB) at the concentrations of 0.24, 0.45, and 0.90 mg kg −1 of feed for 21 days. The inclusion of 0.24 and 0.45 mg kg −1 HEPB promoted the best results of zootechnical performance. The digestive activity showed an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity only when 0.45 mg kg −1 HEPB. The inclusion of 0.45 and 0.90 mg kg −1 HEPB promoted a decrease in hepatic ALT activity. An increase in CAT activity was observed in the skin of fish fed diets with added HEPB. Conclusion addition of HEPB is benefic for performance and have hepatoprotective.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-2371229/v1

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Protected Organic Acid and Essential Oils for Broilers Raised Under Field Conditions: Intestinal Health Biomarkers and Cecal Microbiota

Frontiers in Physiology (2021)

Cristiano Bortoluzzi Ludovic Lahaye Jarred Hugh Oxford Derek Detzler Cínthia Eyng

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of protected organic acids (OA) and essential oils (EO) [P(OA + EO)] on the intestinal health of broiler chickens raised under field conditions. The study was conducted on four commercial farms. Each farm consisted of four barns, two barns under a control diet and two tested barns supplemented with P(OA + EO), totaling 16 barns [8 control and 8 under P(OA + EO)]. The control group was supplemented with antibiotic growth promoters [AGP; Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate (50 g/ton) during starter, grower and finisher 1, and flavomycin (2 g/ton) during finisher 2]. The tested group was supplemented with 636, 636, 454, and 454 g/ton of P(OA + EO) during starter, grower, finisher 1 and 2, respectively. Eighty birds were necropsied (40/treatment; 20/farm; and 5/barn) to collect blood, jejunal tissue, and cecal contents. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P < 0.05) or Kruskal-Wallis' test and the frequency of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) genes was analyzed by Chi-Square test (P < 0.05). It was observed that the supplementation of P(OA + EO) reduced (P < 0.05) the histopathology scores, such as the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the epithelium and lamina propria and tended (P = 0.09) to reduce the serum concentration of calprotectin (CALP). The supplementation of P(OA + EO) reduced the serum concentration of IL-12 (P = 0.0001), IL-16 (P = 0.001), and Pentraxin-3 (P = 0.04). Additionally, P(OA + EO) maintained a cecal microbiota similar to birds receiving AGP. The substitution of AGP by P(OA + EO) reduced (P < 0.05) the frequency of four AMR genes, related to gentamicin (three genes), and aminoglycoside (one gene). Overall, the inclusion of P(OA + EO), and removal of AGP, in the diets of commercially raised broiler chickens beneficially changed the phenotype of the jejunum as shown by the lowered ISI scores which characterizes an improved intestinal health. Furthermore, P(OA + EO) significantly reduced the serum concentration of several inflammatory biomarkers, while maintaining the diversity and composition of the cecal microbiota similar to AGP fed chickens and reducing the prevalence of AMR genes.

Starter

Clostridium perfringens

10.3389/fphys.2021.722339

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Citations (11)

The influence of aquaculture on the hydro-geochemistry of a neotropical aquatic system

Aquaculture (2020)

André Luis Gentelini Jarred Hugh Oxford Antonio Cesar Godoy A. Coldebella Pitágoras Augusto Piana

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736179

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Citations (4)

Apparent digestibility of protein hydrolysates from chicken and swine slaughter residues for Nile tilapia

Aquaculture (2020)

Marjana dos Santos Cardoso Antonio Cesar Godoy Jarred Hugh Oxford Rômulo Batista Rodrigues Matheus dos Santos Cardoso

Nile tilapia

Protein quality

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735720

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Citations (19)

Influence of the gross dietary level of glycerin on performance, blood parameters, carcass yield, and quality of meat of broilers

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research (2020)

Cleison de Souza Jomara Broch Cínthia Eyng Cleison de Souza Jarred Hugh Oxford

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of crude glycerin (CG) levels on performance, blood parameters, carcass yield and cuts, carcass chemical composition, and meat quality in broiler chickens. A total of 1,056 birds were randomly distributed into 2 experimental phases. In phase 1 (1–21 D), 6 levels of CG (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9%) were supplemented in the diets, CG was supplemented at the expense of corn. Each CG level consisted of 8 replicates of 22 birds. In phase 2 (22–42 D), the inclusion levels of CG were maintained; however, 4 replicates of each CG level were given a CG-free ration. For this phase, each treatment combination consisted of 4 replicates. The inclusion of 5, 7, and 9% CG provided better weight gain (P < 0.05) than the control treatment (0% CG) during phase 1. The birds that received CG for both phase 1 and 2 (1–42 D) presented body weight gain, lower feed intake, and better feed conversion ratio relative to the group that received CG for only phase 1 (P < 0.05). Birds that received CG in their diet until age 21 D had higher blood levels of cholesterol and alanine aminotransferase than birds that received CG up to 42 D. The level of CG also influenced the protein deposition and the water retention of the carcass. It is concluded that CG can be included in broiler diets up to 9%, without impairing performance, blood parameters, and qualitative attributes of the meat.

Alanine aminotransferase

Carcass weight

10.1016/j.japr.2019.10.007

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Citations (2)

Evaluation of limnological dynamics in Nile tilapia farming tank

Aquaculture and Fisheries (2020)

Antonio Cesar Godoy Lucas Ulisses Rovigatti Chiavelli Jarred Hugh Oxford Rômulo Batista Rodrigues Igor de Oliveira Ferreira

For fish farming, water is the limiting factor for good productivity. Limnological characteristics determine the health and the productivity of the fish and can indicate possible problems arising in the ecosystem. The present study aimed to verify the nictemeral and vertical dynamics of limnological characteristics in a tilapia farming tank coated with geomembrane and with low water renewal. Collections were carried out in a 24 hour on period of 18 days with an interval of three hours between the water collections. In order to determine the vertical dynamics, water samples were taken at three depths (5, 35, and 70 cm) in the central region of the tank. It was found that the parameters analyzed showed changes in the period. Dissolved oxygen and pH changed sharply in the 24-hour period (p $ <0.05 $), with values of 3.86 mg L$^{-1}$ at 6:00 AM and 18.39 mg L$^{-1}$ at 3:00 PM; and 8.0 at 06:00 AM and 9.65 mg L$^{-1}$ at 6:00 PM, respectively. With respect to the three layers of the tank, the difference between the values of dissolved oxygen in the epilimnion and the metalimnion (above 14 mg L$^{-1}$) is clear, while in the hypolimnion the concentration of this oxygen was 7.57 mg L$^{-1}$ (p $ <0.05 $). Nitrite and phosphorus had similar behavior, with more pronounced values in hypolimnion. There is a strong correlation between temperature and depth of the tank ($r=-0.85, ~ p = 5.86 \times 10^{-9}$), depth and dissolved oxygen ($r=-0.77, p = 9.97 \times 10^{-6}$), temperature and ammonia ($r=-0.82, ~ p = 6.33 \times 10^{-8}$), depth and ammonia ($r=0.79, ~ p = 4.79 \times 10^{-7}$), and nitrite and dissolved oxygen ($r=-0.72, ~ p = 2.15 \times 10^{-4}$). The principal component analysis showed that there was a separation between the strata epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion. The response surface analysis showed the interaction between depth, temperature and the variables dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and phosphorus. The result of this study helps to illustrate the dynamics of a tilapia tank covered with geomembrane and low water renewal over a period of 24 hours at different layers of the water body.

Epilimnion

Nile tilapia

10.1016/j.aaf.2020.08.005

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Citations (6)

The efficiency of probiotic-based adsorbent in reducing the intoxication in Piarcatus mesopotamicus: metabolic performance and histology of the liver for evaluating good health

Research Square (Research Square) (2022)

Henrique Momo Ziemniczak Antonio Cesar Godoy Jarred Hugh Oxford Welinton V. da Silva Jean Carlos Souza Melo

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in pacus ( Piaractus mesopotam- icus ) that were fed diets containing 0.0; 25.0; 50.0; 100.0; 200.0, and 400.0 µ g kg −1 of AFB1 for 10 days. Furthermore, also was evaluated the effect of an adsorbent (0.2%) supplemented in fish diets containing 0.0, 25.0, and 400.0 µ g kg −1 of AFB1. At the end of each experiment, fish were fasted for 24 h, and the survival rate was measured. Six specimens from each treatment were randomly selected for assays of tissue metabolic indicators in the liver: superoxide dismutase, catalase, alanine aminotransferase, aspar- tate aminotransferase, and albumin and six, for histopathological analysis. Hepatic metabolism showed lesions in fish fed with doses higher than 25.0 µ g kg −1 of AFB1. The histopathological results revealed necrosis of the liver. The addition of 0.2% adsorbent promoted the restoration of liver functions in fish fed with diets containing 25.0 µ g kg −1 AFB1. The histopathological results demonstrated hepatic tissue with a healthy architecture. In conclusion, AFB1 at a concertation of 25.0 µ g kg −1 negatively affects the liver, but the addition of a probiotic-based adsorbent (PBA) in fish diet containing 25.0 µ g kg −1 AFB1 cancels the toxic effects of AFB1. Therefore, the use of PBAs in fish diets are recommended.

Histology

Alanine aminotransferase

10.21203/rs.3.rs-2385292/v1

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